10,286 research outputs found
Lyapunov Exponent and the Solid-Fluid Phase Transition
We study changes in the chaotic properties of a many-body system undergoing a
solid-fluid phase transition. To do this, we compute the temperature dependence
of the largest Lyapunov exponents for both two- and
three-dimensional periodic systems of -particles for various densities. The
particles interact through a soft-core potential. The two-dimensional system
exhibits an apparent second-order phase transition as indicated by a
-shaped peak in the specific heat. The first derivative of
with respect to the temperature shows a peak at the same
temperature. The three-dimensional system shows jumps, in both system energy
and , at the same temperature, suggesting a first-order phase
transition. Relaxation phenomena in the phase-transition region are analyzed by
using the local time averages.Comment: 16 pages, REVTeX, 10 eps figures, epsfig.st
Van der Waals density-functional theory study for bulk solids with BCC, FCC, and diamond structures
Proper inclusion of van der Waals (vdW) interactions in theoretical
simulations based on standard density functional theory (DFT) is crucial to
describe the physics and chemistry of systems such as organic and layered
materials. Many encouraging approaches have been proposed to combine vdW
interactions with standard approximate DFT calculations. Despite many vdW
studies, there is no consensus on the reliability of vdW methods. To help
further development of vdW methods, we have assessed various vdW functionals
through the calculation of structural prop- erties at equilibrium, such as
lattice constants, bulk moduli, and cohesive energies, for bulk solids,
including alkali, alkali-earth, and transition metals, with BCC, FCC, and
diamond structures as the ground state structure. These results provide
important information for the vdW-related materials research, which is
essential for designing and optimizing materials systems for desired physical
and chemical properties.Comment: 10 pages, 6 Figures, 3 Table
Kaon-Soliton Bound State Approach to the Pentaquark States
We show that in hidden local symmetry theory with the vector manifestation
(VM), a K^+ can be bound to skyrmion to give the Theta^+ pentaquark with spin
1/2 and even parity which is consistent with large N_c counting. The vector
meson K^* subject to the VM in the chiral limit plays an essential role in
inducing the binding.Comment: Change of title, erroneous statements, e.g., re: interpretation of
the widths, corrected, results remain unmodifie
Kaons in Dense Half-Skyrmion Matter
Dense hadronic matter at low temperature is expected to be in crystal and at
high density make a transition to a {\em chirally restored but color-confined}
state which is a novel phase hitherto unexplored. This phase transition is
predicted in both skyrmion matter in 4D and instanton matter in 5D, the former
in the form of half-skyrmions and the latter in the form of half-instantons or
dyons. We predict that when 's are embedded in this half-skyrmion or
half-instanton (dyonic) matter which may be reached not far above the normal
density, there arises an enhanced attraction from the soft dilaton field
figuring for the trace anomaly of QCD and the Wess-Zumino term. This attraction
may have relevance for a possible strong binding of anti-kaons in dense nuclear
matter and for kaon condensation in neutron-star matter. Such kaon property in
the half-skyrmion phase is highly non-perturbarive and may not be accessible by
low-order chiral perturbation theory. Relevance of the half-skyrmion or dyonic
matter to compact stars is discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
The Inhomogeneous Phase of Dense Skyrmion Matter
It was predicted qualitatively in ref.[1] that skyrmion matter at low density
is stable in an inhomogeneous phase where skyrmions condensate into lumps while
the remaining space is mostly empty. The aim of this paper is to proof
quantitatively this prediction. In order to construct an inhomogeneous medium
we distort the original FCC crystal to produce a phase of planar structures
made of skyrmions. We implement mathematically these planar structures by means
of the 't Hooft instanton solution using the Atiyah-Manton ansatz. The results
of our calculation of the average density and energy confirm the prediction
suggesting that the phase diagram of the dense skyrmion matter is a lot more
complex than a simple phase transition from the skyrmion FCC crystal lattice to
the half-skyrmion CC one. Our results show that skyrmion matter shares common
properties with standard nuclear matter developing a skin and leading to a
binding energy equation which resembles the Weiszaecker mass formula.Comment: 8 figures, 14 page
Modification vs. Complementation : The So-Called Internally Headed Relative Clauses Reconsidered
I reexamine one particular Korean (and in part, Japanese) construction which has been described as a special kind of relative clauses in the recent literature, i.e., the so-called internally headed relative clauses (IHRCs, hereafter): (1) swunkyeng-i [totwuk-i pin cip-eyse nao-nun] kes-ul po-ass-ta
A Geometric Model of Twisted Differential K-theory
We construct a model of even twisted differential K-theory when the underlying topological twist represents a torsion class. We use smooth U(1)-gerbes with connection as differential twists and twisted vector bundles with connection as cycles. The model we construct satisfies the axioms of Kahle and Valentino, including functoriality, naturality of twists, and the hexagon diagram. We also construct an odd twisted Chern character of a twisted vector bundle with an automorphism. In addition to our geometric model of twisted differential K-theory, we introduce a smooth variant of the Hopkins-Singer model of differential K-theory. We prove that our model is naturally isomorphic to the Hopkins-Singer model and also to the Tradler-Wilson-Zeinalian model of differential K-theory
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