3,473 research outputs found
Conference Highlights: Mid-Western Educational Research Association 1997 Conference
Conference Highlights from the Program Chai
Effect of students\u27 expectations
This research suggests that public disclosure of evaluations best be curtailed
Reduced Retinal Microvascular Density, Improved Forepaw Reach, Comparative Microarray and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis with c-jun Targeting DNA Enzyme
Retinal neovascularization is a critical component in the pathogenesis of common ocular disorders that cause blindness, and treatment options are limited. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of a DNA enzyme targeting c-jun mRNA in mice with pre-existing retinal neovascularization. A single injection of Dz13 in a lipid formulation containing N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methyl-sulfate and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine inhibited c-Jun expression and reduced retinal microvascular density. The DNAzyme inhibited retinal microvascular density as effectively as VEGF-A antibodies. Comparative microarray and gene expression analysis determined that Dz13 suppressed not only c-jun but a range of growth factors and matrix-degrading enzymes. Dz13 in this formulation inhibited microvascular endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tubule formation in vitro. Moreover, animals treated with Dz13 sensed the top of the cage in a modified forepaw reach model, unlike mice given a DNAzyme with scrambled RNA-binding arms that did not affect c-Jun expression. These findings demonstrate reduction of microvascular density and improvement in forepaw reach in mice administered catalytic DNA.This work was supported by grants from Cancer Institute NSW and the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
Lifetime cost effectiveness of simvastatin in a range of risk groups and age groups derived from a randomised trial of 20,536 people
<i>Objectives</i>: To evaluate the cost effectiveness of 40 mg simvastatin daily continued for life in people of different ages with differing risks of vascular disease.
Design A model developed from a randomised trial was used to estimate lifetime risks of vascular events and costs of treatment and hospital admissions in the United Kingdom.
<i>Setting</i>: 69 hospitals in the UK.
<i>Participants</i>: 20 536 men and women (aged 40-80) with coronary disease, other occlusive arterial disease, or diabetes.
<i>Interventions</i>: 40 mg simvastatin daily versus placebo for an average of 5 years.
<i>Main</i> <i>outcome</i> <i>measures</i>: Cost effectiveness of 40 mg simvastatin daily expressed as additional cost per life year gained. Major vascular event defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction or death from coronary disease, any stroke, or revascularisation procedure. Results were extrapolated to younger and older age groups at lower risk of vascular disease than were studied directly, as well as to lifetime treatment.
<i>Results</i>: At the April 2005 UK price of £4.87 (€7; $9) per 28 day pack of generic 40 mg simvastatin, lifetime treatment was cost saving in most age groups and vascular disease risk groups studied directly. Gains in life expectancy and cost savings decreased with increasing age and with decreasing risk of vascular disease. People aged 40-49 with 5 year risks of major vascular events of 42% and 12% at start of treatment gained 2.49 and 1.67 life years, respectively. Treatment with statins remained cost saving or cost less than £2500 per life year gained in people as young as 35 years or as old as 85 with 5 year risks of a major vascular event as low as 5% at the start of treatment.
<i>Conclusions</i>: Treatment with statins is cost effective in a wider population than is routinely treated at present
The experiences of therapists-in-training and newly qualified therapists who engage in therapy with therapists-in-training as clients
Finite-temperature behavior of the Bose polaron
We consider a mobile impurity immersed in a Bose gas at finite temperature.
Using perturbation theory valid for weak coupling between the impurity and the
bosons, we derive analytical results for the energy and damping of the impurity
for low and high temperatures, as well as for temperatures close to the
critical temperature for Bose-Einstein condensation. These results show
that the properties of the impurity vary strongly with temperature. In
particular, the energy exhibits a non-monotonic behavior close to , and
the damping rises sharply close to . We argue that this behaviour is
generic for impurities immersed in an environment undergoing a phase transition
that breaks a continuous symmetry. Finally, we discuss how these effects can be
detected experimentally.Comment: 10 pages and 6 figure
A Dual Read-Out Assay to Evaluate the Potency of Compounds Active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
PMCID: PMC3617142This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
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