Simultaneous Interpreting : Characteristic of Autonomic Provision of Extreme Cognitive Loads

Simultaneous interpreting is one of the most comprehensive and energy-consuming types of cognitive activity. To work successfully, a simultaneous interpreter must have a specific functional state. The aim of our study was to find out the basic mechanisms of this functional state, the effect of the simultaneous interpreting on cognitive function changes, and the main factors influencing the degree of the regulatory systems strain. Materials and Methods. 33 individuals participated in the study: 22 linguists specially trained in simultaneous translation composed the experimental group and 11 language-qualified people having no skills of simultaneous translation represented the control group. In compliance with the study design, the measurements were performed under the conditions similar to the real work of simultaneous interpreters: the participants working in succession performed professional tasks: shadowing in the native and foreign languages (German and English), simultaneous interpretation of the reports from the native language to the foreign, and vice versa. The interpreters were psychologically tested using ApWay.ru Web platform before and after the performance on the professional tasks: computer campimetry, test for a simple sensorimotor activity, Stroop test, and test for emotional disadaptation level. Cardiointervalogram was telemetrically recorded during the entire experiment. Results. Some specific aspects of autonomic provision of simultaneous interpreting have been unraveled. A significantly greater tension of the autonomic regulation is manifested by the simultaneous interpreters compared to the control group. It was most prominent when translation was done from the foreign language. The total level of stress during the performance on the linguistic tasks appeared to be higher in the control group. In the simultaneous interpreters, in contrast to the control group, there was registered a high activity level of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems and a marked integration of the cardiac rhythm regulation circuits over the entire period of performing the linguistic tasks. The psychological tests have demonstrated a significantly more confident cognitive control relative to the control group. Thus, a specific functional system has been formed in the simultaneous interpreters providing a successful interaction of various information images (or codes) and consolidation of autonomic and cognitive resources during the performance on professional tasks. Lack of the necessary skills and, consequently, of the task-oriented functional system in the participants of the control group resulted in the enhancement of the non-specific (less effective) stress response.Peer reviewe

Strategi Pengembangan Minawisata di Teluk Sawai Kabupaten Maluku Tengah

The waters of the bay are known among domestic and foreign tourists as a tourist destination. Various tourist objects and attractions that offer beautiful beaches, underwater diving, waterfalls and natural cave holes are in this region. With the increasing activity of tourism and local community activities, it is certain that in the next few years almost all of the land will be used for various development activities, so the need for efficient utilization of coastal and marine resources, especially the utilization of fisheries and tourism potentials by developing the concept of minawisata in the area. The research purpose was formulating the development strategy of minatourism in Sawai Bay. The study was conducted for 3 months from September to November 2020. The data collection used primary and secondary data as well as purposive sampling. The data analysis method SWOT and AHP. The results showed that The priority strategies for developing minatourism in Sawai Bay, Central Maluku Regency; Development of quality human resources in the community; Increasing public awareness around the Sawai Bay area of ​​the importance of protecting fisheries and marine environmental resources; Developing local community expertise to support minatourism activities; Increasing tourism facilities and infrastructure; Increase the promotion of online/offline minawisata; Increase cooperation between managers and investors; and Improve MCS (monitoring, controling, survellance) (0.0058)

Abstracts From The 3Rd International Severe Asthma Forum (Isaf)

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