Determination of Cooling Water Requirement for Plastic Film Extrusion Process at PT. XYZ North Sumatra

Abstract:  The cooling water is a liquid medium used to cool down plastic film after it undergoes melting in the plastic film extrusion process. This research aims to determine the required amount of cooling water needed to cool the plastic film before it enters the cutting process. The research method involved collecting primary data from the factory and determining the heat and cooling water requirements using thermodynamic equation calculations. The results indicate that a flow rate of 475 kg/hour of plastic film releases heat into the cooling water at an average rate of 19175.9043 kcal/hour, with an average cooling water requirement of 983.366925 L/hour.Abstrak: Air pendingin merupakan media cairan yang digunakan untuk pendinginan film plastik setelah mengalami peleburan pada proses ekstrusi film plastik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan jumlah air pendingin yang diperlukan untuk mendinginkan film plastik sebelum nantinya masuk ke dalam proses pemotongan. Metode penelitian dengan pengumpulan data primer dari pabrik dan menenetukan panas serta kebutuhan air pendingin dengan kalkulasi persamaan termodinamika. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 475 kg/jam laju alir kapasitas film plastik melepas panas ke air pendingin dengan rata-rata sebesar 19175,9043 kkal/jam dengan kebutuhan air pendingin rata-rata sebesar 983,366925 L/jam

PENGARUH UKURAN PARTIKEL TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS) DAN CANGKANG SAWIT DALAM PEMBUATAN PAPAN PARTIKEL MENGGUNAKAN POLIETILENA (PE) DAN POLIVINIL ALKOHOL (PVA)

Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap besar ukuran Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) terhadap beberapa bahan polimer  yaitu LDPE (Low Density Polietilena), HDPE (High Density Polietilena, dan PVA (Polivinil Alkohol) diperoleh hasil terhadap daya serap air sangat dipengaruhi terhadap ukuran TKKS  dimana semakin besar ukuran bahan (10 mesh) pada bahan LDPE semakin besar daya serap air = 9,47 %, sedangkan pada HDPE semakin besar ukuran TKKS (10 mesh) semakin besar daya serap = 2,34 %, dan untuk bahan PVA untuk TKKS (10 mesh) semakin besar kadar air semakin kecil =7,39%,  kerapatan partikel pada bahan LDPE semakin kecil ukuran TKKS (60 mesh) kerapatan semakin besar = 1,39 g/ml, pada bahan HDPE semakin kecil ukuran TKKS (40 mesh) maka nilai kerapan makin tinggi =1,80 g/ml, sedang pada bahan PVA semakin besar ukuran TKKS akan lebih besar nilai kerapatannya untuk ukuran TKKS (20 mesh ) =1,09 g/ml. Keteguhan patah (MOR)  untuk bahan LDPE semakin besar ukuran TKKS (10 mesh)  semakin semakin besar = 0,70  x 102 kgf/cm2, untuk bahan HDPE semakin besar ukuran TKKS maka keteguhan patah (MOR) semakin besar untuk TKKS  (10 mesh) = 0,81 x 102 kgf/cm2 dan untuk bahan PVA semakin kecil ukuran TKKS maka semakin besar nilai keteguhan patah (MOR) untuk   TKKS ukuran bahan (60 mesh) = 0,70x 102 kgf/cm

Perhitungan Neraca Massa Pada Reception Oil Tank di Stasiun Klarifikasi PKS XYZ Sumatera Utara

Reception Oil Tank (ROT) is a unit at a clarification station that has a function as a temporary storage tank for filtered crude oil from the vibro-separator unit and also to retain heat. In this ROT, the heat provided comes from direct injection of hot steam and steam coils with temperatures ranging from 90-95 0C. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the flow rate of materials into and out of ROT using the principle of mass balance and determining the levels of each component in the oil in ROT before further processing. Based on the results of the mass balance calculation, it was obtained that the flow rate of crude oil entering ROT was 10794.2 kg/hour. The composition content of the materials entering ROT in 10 mL includes 37.6% oil, 26.6% water and 35.8% non-oil solid while the composition levels of materials leaving ROT to CST include 41.6% oil, 27% water, and non-oil solids 31.4%. The oil content has increased during the process that occurs in the ROT at the clarification station

ANALISA NILAI TEGANGAN PATAH RANTAI JENIS ROLLER AKIBAT ADANYA DEFORMASI

The chain is a series of links or rings that are connected or fixed so that they form vertically. Chains are used to move luggage or as a substitute for additional strength. One of the most commonly used chains is made of the hardest metal, steel. One is a chain roller mounted on an empty coil conveyor. This conveyor serves to carry empty coils to the shelter. The chain also plays a role in the distribution of materials from one place to another to make it more efficient. In this study, the authors tested five chain materials to determine the breaking stress and the factors that influence chain breaking. After the authors tested the steel chain material, the value of the chain tensile stress (σB), based on the test results after averaged was 880 Kgf/cm2, and the chain fracture stress (σF) after averaged was 764. is Kgf/. the average strain on the chain (ԑ) is 8.9°. Causes of chain breaks are overload, fatigue, improper heat treatment, improper design and manufacture, and lack of maintenance