Biblioteche scolastiche, libri antichi ed esposizioni bibliografiche

The management of a bibliographical show introduces numerous and different problems. On the same level there are the demands of a serious scientific work and of didactic. Show s well organized can be the best way for use and exploit the ancient collections of the scholastic libraries. In this cases managers of the show may interact with the didactic from construction of the same show. The shows " Apertis verbis ", " Oriens extremus ", and " deus ex machina " organized by Liceo Classico Ludovico Antonio Muratori are examples of high level. In every moment they have involved students and teachers

Different behaviour of BK-virus infection in liver transplant recipients

Polyomavirus BK (BKV) infects up to 90% of the general population. After primary infection, occurring early during childhood, a state of non-replicative infection is established in the reno-urinary tract, without complications for immunocompetent hosts. In immunocompromised individuals, particularly transplanted patients, asymptomatic BKV viremia and/or viruria can be observed. Renal grafts may also be sources of infection as BKV prefers kidneys rather than other solid organs for transplantation such as the liver. The mechanism behind the higher incidence of BKV infection in kidney transplant patients, compared to liver or heart transplantation, is unclear and the prevalence of BKV infection in non-renal solid organ transplants has not been yet thoroughly investigated. We evaluated the prevalence of Polyomavirus BK infection among liver transplant recipients. A PubMed search was conducted using the terms BKV infection AND liver transplant recipients; BKV AND non-renal solid organ transplant*; BKV infection AND immunosuppression; the search was limited to title/abstract and English-language articles published from 2000, to March 2015. Eleven relevant studies suggest that the prevalence of BKV viruria and/or viremia among liver transplant recipients is less than that reported in kidney or heart transplant recipients, except when chronic kidney disease (CKD) is present at the same time. Data also suggest that viruric and viremic patients have higher levels of serum creatinine than BKV negative patients. Moreover, no specific immunosuppressive drugs are associated with the onset of BKV nephropathy. The comorbidity of transplantation and CKD could play a major role in promoting BKV replication

Ancient Papers on the Edge. The Library of the Terziere Castle

The essay focuses on the library of the castle of Castiglione del Terziere, in the Apennines, established by the physician and bibliophile Loris Jacopo Bononi (1929-2012). It belongs to the still little-studied typology of private libraries located outside the cities, but open to public use. With authentic bibliophile passion, Bononi created a collection of books closely linked to the history of the Lunigiana area, to the authors of the Italian Humanism and Renaissance, and to Italian literature, from its origins to the Nineteenth century. The library has always been open to scholars and visitors, and in the near future the analytical cataloging of the entire book heritage would be necessary, as well as the valorisation through digital technologies

In memoria di Sabina Magrini

Si ripercorre la carriera professionale e la produzione scientifica di Sabina Magrini (1969-2022), direttrice della Biblioteca Statale di Trieste, della Biblioteca Palatina di Parma, Segretario Regionale Emilia-Romagna e Direttrice della Discoteca di Stato nonché dell'Archivio di Stato di Firenze. Paleografa latina esperta di Bibbie del XIII-XIV secolo, Magrini si occupò anche di storia delle biblioteche in età moderna e di digitalizzazione e catalogazione del manoscritto

Los incunables de las bibliotecas universitarias italianas: Censo y difusión en Emilia-Romagna

Italian university libraries are characterized by the historical caesura that occurred after the political Unification of the Country (1861). They were libraries created to support the universities of the former states of the Italian peninsula (16th-19th centuries), holding a rich heritage which included incunabula, linked to European cultural history. Nowadays all these libraries keep on staying under State management and are complementary to the libraries of universities (19th-21st centuries), which support study and sometimes also hold incunabula. After an overview of incunabula in Italian university libraries, the paper focuses especially on the enhancing of incunabula in the Biblioteca Universitaria of Bologna (currently managed by the University) and in the Biblioteca Estense Universitaria of Modena (still managed by State).Las bibliotecas universitarias italianas se caracterizan por la fisura histórica que se produjo tras la Unificación politica del país (1861). Esas bibliotecas, creadas como instrumentos de las universidades de los antiguos Estados italianos (siglos XVI-XIX), tenian un patrimonio rico de incunables, vinculados a la historia cultural europea. Hoy en día, todas las bibliotecas universitarias siguen bajo la gestión estatal y complementan las bibliotecas de las universidades (siglos XIX-XXI) que apoyan el estudio y que conservan también incunables. Después de una visión general sobre los incunables en las bibliotecas universitarias italianas, se analiza la difusión de incunables en la Biblioteca Universitaria de Bolonia (hoy gestionada por la Universidad) y en la Biblioteca Estense Universitaria de Módena (todavía estatal)

Acute kidney injury and post-reperfusion syndrome in liver transplantation

In the past decades liver transplantation (LT) has become the treatment of choice for patients with end stage liver disease (ESLD). The chronic shortage of cadaveric organs for transplantation led to the utilization of a greater number of marginal donors such as older donors or donors after circulatory death (DCD). The improved survival of transplanted patients has increased the frequency of long-term complications, in particular chronic kidney disease (CKD). Acute kidney injury (AKI) post-LT has been recently recognized as an important risk factor for the occurrence of de novo CKD in the long-term outcome. The onset of AKI post-LT is multifactorial, with pre-LT risk factors involved, including higher Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, more sever ESLD and pre-existing renal dysfunction, either with intra-operative conditions, in particular ischaemia reperfusion injury responsible for post-reperfusion syndrome (PRS) that can influence recipient’s morbidity and mortality. Post-reperfusion syndrome-induced AKI is an important complication post-LT that characterizes kidney involvement caused by PRS with mechanisms not clearly understood and implication on graft and patient survival. Since pre-LT risk factors may influence intra-operative events responsible for PRS-induced AKI, we aim to consider all the relevant aspects involved in PRS-induced AKI in the setting of LT and to identify all studies that better clarified the specific mechanisms linking PRS and AKI. A PubMed search was conducted using the terms liver transplantation AND acute kidney injury; liver transplantation AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND DCD AND liver transplantation. Five hundred seventy four articles were retrieved on PubMed search. Results were limited to title/abstract of English-language articles published between 2000 and 2015. Twenty-three studies were identified that specifically evaluated incidence, risk factors and outcome for patients developing PRS-induced AKI in liver transplantation. In order to identify intra-operative risk factors/mechanisms specifically involved in PRS-induced AKI, avoiding confounding factors, we have limited our study to “acute kidney injury AND DCD AND liver transplantation”. Accordingly, three out of five studies were selected for our purpose

Cardiac metastasis from colorectal cancer: To be or not to be…

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Peribiliary gland damage due to liver transplantation involves peribiliary vascular plexus and vascular endothelial growth factor

Extrahepatic bile ducts are characterized by the presence of peribiliary glands (PBGs), which represent stem cell niches implicated in biliary regeneration. Orthotopic liver transplantation may be complicated by non-anastomotic strictures (NAS) of the bile ducts, which have been associated with ischemic injury of PBGs and occur more frequently in livers obtained from donors after circulatory death than in those from brain-dead donors. The aims of the present study were to investigate the PBG phenotype in bile ducts after transplantation, the integrity of the peribiliary vascular plexus (PVP) around PBGs, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) by PBGs. Transplanted ducts obtained from patients who underwent liver transplantation were studied (N=62). Controls included explanted bile duct samples not used for transplantation (N=10) with normal histology. Samples were processed for histology, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Surface epithelium is severely injured in transplanted ducts; PBGs are diffusely damaged, particularly in ducts obtained from circulatory-dead compared to brain-dead donors. PVP is reduced in transplanted compared to controls. PBGs in transplanted ducts contain more numerous progenitor and proliferating cells compared to controls, show higher positivity for VEGF-A compared to controls, and express VEGF receptor-2. In conclusion, PBGs and associated PVP are damaged in transplanted extrahepatic bile ducts; however, an activation of the PBG niche takes place and is characterized by proliferation and VEGF-A expression. This response could have a relevant role in reconstituting biliary epithelium and vascular plexus and could be implicated in the genesis of non-anastomotic strictures