84 research outputs found
Breaking Symmetry with Light: Ultra-Fast Ferroelectricity and Magnetism from Three-Phonon Coupling
A theory describing how ferroic properties can emerge transiently in the
ultra-fast regime by breaking symmetry with light through three-phonon coupling
is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on the special case when two
exactly degenerate mid-infra-red or THz phonons are resonantly pumped, since
this situation can give rise to an exactly rectified ferroic response with
damping envelopes of ~ 1 ps or less. Light-induced ferroelectricity and
ferromagnetism are discussed in this context, and a number of candidate
materials that could display these phenomena are proposed. The same analysis is
also applied to the interpretation of previous femto-magnetism experiments,
performed in different frequency ranges (visible and near-infrared), but
sharing similar symmetry characteristics.Comment: 10 page
Ab initio calculation of spin fluctuation spectra using time dependent density functional perturbation theory, planewaves, and pseudopotentials
We present an implementation of time-dependent density functional
perturbation theory for spin fluctuations, based on planewaves and
pseudopotentials. We compute the dynamic spin susceptibility self-consistently
by solving the time-dependent Sternheimer equation, within the adiabatic local
density approximation to the exchange and correlation kernel. We demonstrate
our implementation by calculating the spin susceptibility of representative
elemental transition metals, namely bcc Fe, fcc Ni and bcc Cr. The calculated
magnon dispersion relations of Fe and Ni are in agreement with previous work.
The calculated spin susceptibility of Cr exhibits a soft-paramagnon
instability, indicating the tendency of the Cr spins to condense in a
incommensurate spin density wave phase, in agreement with experiment
First-principles study of multiferroic RbFe(MoO)
We have investigated the magnetic structure and ferroelectricity in
RbFe(MoO) via first-principles calculations. Phenomenological analyses
have shown that ferroelectricity may arise due to both the triangular chirality
of the magnetic structure, and through coupling between the magnetic helicity
and the ferroaxial structural distortion. Indeed, it was recently proposed that
the structural distortion plays a key role in stabilising the chiral magnetic
structure itself. We have determined the relative contribution of the two
mechanisms via \emph{ab-initio} calculations. Whilst the structural axiality
does induce the magnetic helix by modulating the symmetric exchange
interactions, the electric polarization is largely due to the in-plane spin
triangular chirality, with both electronic and ionic contributions being of
relativistic origin. At the microscopic level, we interpret the polarization as
a secondary steric consequence of the inverse Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya mechanism
and accordingly explain why the ferroaxial component of the electric
polarization must be small
A route towards stable homochiral topological textures in A-type antiferromagnets
Topologically protected whirling magnetic textures could emerge as data
carriers in next-generation post-Moore computing. Such textures are abundantly
observed in ferromagnets (FMs); however, their antiferromagnetic (AFM)
counterparts are expected to be even more relevant for device applications, as
they promise ultra-fast, deflection-free dynamics whilst being robust against
external fields. Unfortunately, they have remained elusive, hence identifying
materials hosting such textures is key to developing this technology. Here, we
present comprehensive micromagnetic and analytical models investigating
topological textures in the broad material class of A-type antiferromagnets,
specifically focusing on the prototypical case of ,an emerging candidate for AFM spintronics. By exploiting a symmetry
breaking interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI), it is possible
to stabilize a wide topological family, including AFM (anti)merons and bimerons
and the hitherto undiscovered AFM skyrmions. Whilst iDMI enforces homochirality
and improves the stability of these textures, the widely tunable anisotropy and
exchange interactions enable unprecedented control of their core dimensions. We
then present a unifying framework to model the scaling of texture sizes based
on a simple dimensional analysis. As the parameters required to host and tune
homochiral AFM textures may be obtained by rational materials design of , it could emerge as a promising platform to initiate
AFM topological spintronics.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to Physical Review
Magnetoelectric domains and their switching mechanism in a Y-type hexaferrite
By employing resonant X-ray microdiffraction, we image the magnetisation and
magnetic polarity domains of the Y-type hexaferrite
BaSrMgFeO. We show that the magnetic polarity
domain structure can be controlled by both magnetic and electric fields, and
that full inversion of these domains can be achieved simply by reversal of an
applied magnetic field in the absence of an electric field bias. Furthermore,
we demonstrate that the diffraction intensity measured in different X-ray
polarisation channels cannot be reproduced by the accepted model for the polar
magnetic structure, known as the 2-fan transverse conical (TC) model. We
propose a modification to this model, which achieves good quantitative
agreement with all of our data. We show that the deviations from the TC model
are large, and may be the result of an internal magnetic chirality, most likely
inherited from the parent helical (non-polar) phase.Comment: 9 figure
Electric field control of the magnetic chiralities in ferroaxial multiferroic RbFe(MoO4)2
The coupling of magnetic chiralities to the ferroelectric polarisation in
multiferroic RbFe(MoO) is investigated by neutron spherical
polarimetry. Because of the axiality of the crystal structure below
= 190 K, helicity and triangular chirality are
symmetric-exchange coupled, explaining the onset of the ferroelectricity in
this proper-screw magnetic structure - a mechanism that can be generalised to
other systems with "ferroaxial" distortions in the crystal structure. With an
applied electric field we demonstrate control of the chiralities in both
structural domains simultaneously.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Emergent helical texture of electric dipoles
Long-range ordering of magnetic dipoles in bulk materials gives rise to a
broad range of magnetic structures, from simple collinear ferromagnets and
antiferromagnets, to complex magnetic helicoidal textures stabilized by
competing exchange interactions. In contrast, in the context of dipolar order
in dielectric crystals, only parallel (ferroelectric) and antiparallel
(antiferroelectric) collinear alignments of electric dipoles are typically
considered. Here, we report an observation of incommensurate helical ordering
of electric dipoles by light hole-doping of the quadruple perovskite BiMn7O12.
In analogy with magnetism, the electric dipole helicoidal texture is also
stabilized by competing instabilities. Specifically, orbital ordering and lone
electron pair stereochemical activity compete, giving rise to phase transitions
from a non-chiral cubic structure, to an incommensurate electric dipole and
orbital helix, via an intermediate density wave
Ice XV: a new thermodynamically stable phase of ice
A new phase of ice, named ice XV, has been identified and its structure
determined by neutron diffraction. Ice XV is the hydrogen-ordered counterpart
of ice VI and is thermodynamically stable at temperatures below ~130 K in the
0.8 to 1.5 GPa pressure range. The regions of stability in the medium pressure
range of the phase diagram have thus been finally mapped, with only
hydrogen-ordered phases stable at 0 K. The ordered ice XV structure is
antiferroelectric, in clear disagreement with recent theoretical calculations
predicting ferroelectric ordering
Bibliografía
Reaction of the anion-deficient,
cation-ordered perovskite phase
Ba<sub>2</sub>YFeO<sub>5</sub> with 80 atm of oxygen pressure at 410
°C results in the formation of the Fe<sup>4+</sup> phase Ba<sub>2</sub>YFeO<sub>5.5</sub>. The topochemical insertion of oxide ions
lifts the inversion symmetry of the centrosymmetric host phase, Ba<sub>2</sub>YFeO<sub>5</sub> (space group <i>P</i>2<sub>1</sub>/<i>n</i>), to yield a noncentrosymmetric (NCS) phase Ba<sub>2</sub>YFeO<sub>5.5</sub> (space group <i>Pb</i>2<sub>1</sub><i>m</i> (No. 26), <i>a</i> = 12.1320(2) Å, <i>b</i> = 6.0606(1) Å, <i>c</i> = 8.0956(1) Å, <i>V</i> = 595.257(2) Å<sup>3</sup>) confirmed by the observation
of second-harmonic generation. Dielectric and PUND ferroelectric measurements,
however, show no evidence for a switchable ferroelectric polarization,
limiting the material to pyroelectric behavior. Magnetization and
low-temperature neutron diffraction data indicate that Ba<sub>2</sub>YFeO<sub>5.5</sub> undergoes a magnetic transition at 20 K to adopt
a state which exhibits a combination of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic
order. The symmetry breaking from centrosymmetric to polar noncentrosymmetric,
which occurs during the topochemical oxidation process is discussed
on the basis of induced lattice strain and an electronic instability
and represents a new strategy for the preparation of NCS materials
that readily incorporate paramagnetic transition metal centers
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