Pengaruh Variasi Kuat Arus Listrik dan Waktu Electroplating Nickel-Chrome terhadap Ketebalan Lapisan pada Permukaan Baja Karbon Rendah

The development and progress of science and technology in the metal plating industry has become a field of work that is experiencing rapid advances ranging from the type of coating, a coating material that is used, and the results of a layer. The metal plating industry needs not only demand resistance to corrosion, but also the strength of the material, has a beautiful appearance, and has a high economic value. one of them, namely by means of electroplating coating. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of variations in the strength of an electric current and time of electroplating nickel-chrome against the thickness of the surface layer of low carbon steel. The benefits of this research are expected to add to the knowledge about the coating on the process of electroplating nickel-chrome and can apply it. In the activities of this research material used is low carbon steel plates with a size 40 mm x 25 mm x 1 mm with the number 27 specimens are coated using electroplating method with the variation of strength of electric current of 0.5 A, 1 A, 1.5 A and time electroplating 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes. Testing done next the thickness of the layer. Results of the study showed that the highest hardness of nickel-chrome electroplating process occurs on a variation of value the highest layer thickness variation in the strength of the current 1.5 A long coating 20 minutes 1.97 µm

Studies of the performance of different front-end systems for flat-panel multi-anode PMTs with CsI(Tl) scintillator arrays

We have studied the performance of two different types of front-end systems for our gamma camera based on Hamamatsu H8500 (flat-panel 64 channels multi-anode PSPMT) with a CsI(Tl) scintillator array. The array consists of 64 pixels of $6\times6\times20{\rm mm}^3$ which corresponds to the anode pixels of H8500. One of the system is based on commercial ASIC chips in order to readout every anode. The others are based on resistive charge divider network between anodes to reduce readout channels. In both systems, each pixel (6mm) was clearly resolved by flood field irradiation of $^{137}$Cs. We also investigated the energy resolution of these systems and showed the performance of the cascade connection of resistive network between some PMTs for large area detectors.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors (IWORID7), submitted to NIM

Comparison of the imaging performances for recently developed monolithic scintillators: CRY018 and CRY019 for dual isotope gamma ray imaging applications

The growing interest for new scintillation crystals with outstanding imaging performances (i.e. resolution and efficiency) has suggested the study of recently discovered scintillators named CRY018 and CRY019. The crystals under investigation are monolithic and have shown enhanced characteristics both for gamma ray spectrometry and for Nuclear Medicine imaging applications such as the dual isotope imaging. Moreover, the non-hygroscopic nature and the absence of afterglow make these scintillators even more attractive for the potential improvement in a wide range of applications. These scintillation crystals show a high energy resolution in the energy range involved in Nuclear Medicine, allowing the discrimination between very close energy values. Moreover, in order to prove their suitability of being powerful imaging systems, the imaging performances like the position linearity and the intrinsic spatial resolution have been evaluated obtaining satisfactory results thanks to the implementation of an optimized algorithm for the images reconstruction. © 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl

Pembuatan Biofuel dengan Proses Pirolisis Berbahan Baku Plastik Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) pada Suhu 250 °C dan 300 °C

The level of fuels' consumption as an energy source in the world is currently experiencing huge increase. When the use of the oil as fuels is not managed properly, it can be sure that the oil will run out and triggered the world's energy crisis. Currently, plastik waste become a serious problem that can lead into the environment contamination if not properly managed. One of the solution to overcome the energy crisis and environmental polution is to find and create a renewable energy such as biofuel. The research was conducted in order to know the effect of combustion temperature on pyrolisis process based on the Low Density Polythylene (LPDE) plastic material to produce biofuel. The eraly stages of the research was start with pyrolisis process of the LDPE plastic which comes from the bottle and glass logo waste with the reactor temperature of 250 ºC and 300 ºC. The weight of each material was 2 kg. After getting the crude oil, the researcher examined the crude oil characteristic from pyrolisis process using viscosity test, density test, caloric value test, and flash point test. From the test results, the test results that the gigher the temperature in the pyrolisis reactor, the production of the biofuel oil from pyrolisis were more and have a better quality. The result of the experiment pointed out that the higher the pirolysis reactor temperature , the greater the yield and the better quality. The pyrolisis result was crude oil with each of the weight was 240 ml on the 250 ºC reactor temperature and 260 ml on the 300 ºC reactor temperature. The viscosity test showed the results 3.128 mm²/s on the 250 ºC reactor temperature and 2.698 mm²/s on the 300 ºC reactor temperature. The density on the 250 ºC reactor temperature was 0.9984 and 0.9085 on the 300 ºC reactor temperature. The caloric value test on the 250 ºC reactor temperature showed the results 9084.101 kal/g on the first test and 8765.253 kal/g on the second test. Whereas the caloric value test on the 300 ºC reactor temperature were 9588.312 kal/g on the first test and 9507.779 on the second test. The results of the crude oil flash point test on 250 ºC and 300 ºC showed the same temperature result at 28.5 ºC. From the characteristic test results it can be concluded that the crude oil from the pyrolisis process has approaching the kerosene characteristic and entered into the fuel category

A multi-layer edge-on single photon counting silicon microstrip detector for innovative techniques in diagnostic radiology

A three-layer detector prototype, obtained by stacking three edge-on single photon counting silicon microstrip detectors, has been developed and widely tested. This was done in the framework of the Synchrotron Radiation for Medical Physics/Frontier Radiology (SYRMEP/FRONTRAD) collaboration activities, whose aim is to improve the quality of mammographic examinations operating both on the source and on the detector side. The active surface of the device has been fully characterized making use of an edge-scanning technique and of a well-collimated laminar synchrotron radiation beam. The obtained data (interlayer distances, channel correspondence, etc.) have then been used to combine information coming from each detector layer, without causing any loss in spatial and contrast resolution of the device. Contrast and spatial resolution have also been separately evaluated for each detector layer. Moreover, imaging techniques (phase contrast, refraction, and scatter imaging), resulting in an increased visibility of low absorbing details, have been implemented, and their effectiveness has been tested on a biological sample. Finally, the possibility of simultaneously acquiring different kind of images with the different detector layers is discussed. This would result in maximizing the information extracted from the sample, while at the same time the high absorption efficiency of the detector device would allow a low dose delivery

A non-invasive multimodal foetal ECG–Doppler dataset for antenatal cardiology research

Non-invasive foetal electrocardiography (fECG) continues to be an open topic for research. The development of standard algorithms for the extraction of the fECG from the maternal electrophysiological interference is limited by the lack of publicly available reference datasets that could be used to benchmark different algorithms while providing a ground truth for foetal heart activity when an invasive scalp lead is unavailable. In this work, we present the Non-Invasive Multimodal Foetal ECG-Doppler Dataset for Antenatal Cardiology Research (NInFEA), the first open-access multimodal early-pregnancy dataset in the field that features simultaneous non-invasive electrophysiological recordings and foetal pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD). The dataset is mainly conceived for researchers working on fECG signal processing algorithms. The dataset includes 60 entries from 39 pregnant women, between the 21st and 27th week of gestation. Each dataset entry comprises 27 electrophysiological channels (2048 Hz, 22 bits), a maternal respiration signal, synchronised foetal trans-abdominal PWD and clinical annotations provided by expert clinicians during signal acquisition. MATLAB snippets for data processing are also provided