“A descriptive study to assess level of academic stress and anxiety of science stream students among selected higher secondary school at Kheda District.”

The words "Stress" and " anxiety" have permeated every aspect of our generation today.In order to function properly, every student has to experience pleasant academic stress and anxiety,also known as eustress.When a student is unable to study or cope with a circumstance, they experience negative stress,also known as distress.Stress is a condition where a student's usal state of equilibrium is altered.By the year 2020, according to the WHO ,that will be one of the main causes of disability.The concern over academic stress and anxiety among science students has grown in recent years.According to estimates, academic stress and anxiety connect to annual performance and result impair the overall performance of 10% to 30% of School students of science stream. AIM:The study aims are to assess academic stress and anxiety regarding school, education system and examination to improve level of knowledge and to reduce stressors, in higher secondary school students of science stream. METHODOLOGY: Non- experimental research design with quantitative research approach was used for research study. The researcher used purposive sampling technique for selecting 300 samples. The tools used, Section 1: socio-demographic data Section 2: structured perceived academic stress scale questionnaires regarding stress. Section 3: Anxiety scale to assess the attitude by anxiety scale. Validity of tool was assessed by 11 experts.Assessment was ascertained by the chi-square formula

Real-world outcomes among US Merkel cell carcinoma patients initiating immune checkpoint inhibitors or chemotherapy.

Aim: Retrospectively assessed treatment patterns and clinical and economic outcomes in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patients receiving recommended first-line regimens. Materials & methods: MCC patients newly treated with either immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or chemotherapies (CTs) were selected from the Veterans Health Administration database (2013–2018); 74 patients (ICIs: 20 and CTs: 54) were selected. Results: Median duration of therapy was 300 days for ICIs and 91 days for CTs. Time to next treatment was 245 and 184 days, respectively. Mean total (per patient per month) costs were $15,306 (ICIs) and$10,957 (CTs), of which 51% and 86%, respectively, were non-MCC therapy-related costs. Conclusion: Despite higher costs, utilization of ICIs in first-line MCC shows clinical advantages over CTs in the real world

Fabrication of Non-Implant 3D Printed Skin

Many bandages tend to be harmful when being removed from the human skin. This is a crucial issue, especially faced by burn victims. When bandages are removed from the burn wound, they tend to be harmful by peeling off the newly formed layer of skin over the burn wound. Such nature causes the patient to endure a longer recovery time with additional pain. The objective of this project is to 3D print artificial skin for the victims of burn wounds by using natural gelation. The main aim for creating the artificial skin will be used in place of the current burn wound treatment techniques of dressing the wounds in bandages. The inner layer of this skin was lined with a natural adhesive, a thin layer of agar-agar, which has been reinforced with crushed eggshells to increase its adhesive strength and durability. The synthesized gel contained non adhesive behavior, yet aids in wound healing abilities. Applying hydrocolloids ensures that the wound is kept cool and the gel also ensures efficient heat transfer. This was done so that less sweating occurs on the patient. Based on the experiments that were conducted, the results conclude that the best ratio of artificial skin layer would be 2:1 of agar gel: crushed eggshells. This golden ratio of gel: crushed eggshells for the longest period of time for attachment on the skin without sweating, is achieved. The skin will be printed using Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS). The colour of the skin and the shape of the skin was individually designed for each specific patient. The inner gel has the capabilities of reducing the rehabilitation time, without compromising the comfort of the patient. This approach has the potential to be used as a new method to treat burn wounds.

Fabrication of Non-Implant 3D Printed Skin

Many bandages tend to be harmful when being removed from the human skin. This is a crucial issue, especially faced by burn victims. When bandages are removed from the burn wound, they tend to be harmful by peeling off the newly formed layer of skin over the burn wound. Such nature causes the patient to endure a longer recovery time with additional pain. The objective of this project is to 3D print artificial skin for the victims of burn wounds by using natural gelation. The main aim for creating the artificial skin will be used in place of the current burn wound treatment techniques of dressing the wounds in bandages. The inner layer of this skin was lined with a natural adhesive, a thin layer of agar-agar, which has been reinforced with crushed eggshells to increase its adhesive strength and durability. The synthesized gel contained non adhesive behavior, yet aids in wound healing abilities. Applying hydrocolloids ensures that the wound is kept cool and the gel also ensures efficient heat transfer. This was done so that less sweating occurs on the patient. Based on the experiments that were conducted, the results conclude that the best ratio of artificial skin layer would be 2:1 of agar gel: crushed eggshells. This golden ratio of gel: crushed eggshells for the longest period of time for attachment on the skin without sweating, is achieved. The skin will be printed using Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS). The colour of the skin and the shape of the skin was individually designed for each specific patient. The inner gel has the capabilities of reducing the rehabilitation time, without compromising the comfort of the patient. This approach has the potential to be used as a new method to treat burn wounds.

STUDY OF THE BEHAVIOUR PATTERN AND INDIVIDUALISATION OF FELIDAE FAMILY IN WILDLIFE FORENSICS

Wildlife forensic is the implementation of the combined sciences, natural and cultural science. The court of law focused on the regulation of wildlife protection and conservation. Criminals that regulate illicit trade across nations and continents face the most significant threat. The tiger is the largest of all cats, the most iconic, and one of the most endangered. Due to its higher trading value, those animals are unlawfully slaughtered or poached for black-marketing, medical use and jewellery products. Tiger or leopard protection indirectly protects habitats and ecological health. By transmitting signals through vision, scent marks and voices, they are socially connected. Because of the dramatic reduction in tiger numbers, studying their behaviour habits is very difficult. Therefore, in this study, the Indian Leopard and Bengal Tigers [Felidae-family] are studied using the non-destructive approach through its claw nail markings. The transactional survey was the approach adopted for collecting data-signs of tiger nail bruises. This review focuses on the study of their behavioural habits and extensively study them for their conservation. &nbsp

Trends in overall mortality among US veterans with primary myelofibrosis

Abstract Background Primary myelofibrosis [PMF] is a myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with reduced overall survival (OS). Management strategies for PMF have evolved over the last two decades, including approval of ruxolitinib as the first Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/JAK2 inhibitor for patients with intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis. This study assessed changes in mortality before and after ruxolitinib approval, independent of ruxolitinib treatment. Methods This retrospective study investigated mortality trends among US veterans with PMF in 2 time periods, pre-ruxolitinib approval (01/01/2007–12/31/2010) and post-ruxolitinib approval (01/01/2015–09/30/2018). Deidentified patient-level data were extracted from US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) databases using PMF diagnosis codes; index was the first PMF diagnosis date. The analysis included adults with ≥2 PMF claims during the analysis periods who were continuously enrolled in the VHA plan 1 calendar year prior to and 6 months post-index and had ≥1 available International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) risk factor (available factors were age > 65, hemoglobin  25 × 109/L; each counted as one point). Patients with ≥1 MF diagnosis for 12 months before the index period were excluded. Ruxolitinib treatment was not a requirement to be included in the post-ruxolitinib approval cohort. Mortality rates and OS were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier approach; all-cause mortality hazard ratio was estimated using univariate Cox regression. Results The pre- and post-ruxolitinib approval cohorts included 193 and 974 patients, respectively, of which 80 and 197 had ≥2 IPSS risk factors. Ruxolitinib use in the post-ruxolitinib cohort was 8.5% (83/974). At end of follow-up, median (95% CI) OS was significantly shorter in the pre-ruxolitinib cohort (1.7 [1.2–2.6] years vs not reached [3.4–not reached]; P < 0.001). Overall mortality rates for the pre- versus post-ruxolitinib approval cohorts were 79.8% versus 47.3%, respectively, and overall risk of death was 53% lower in the post-ruxolitinib period (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.37–0.58; P < 0.001). Mortality rates were lower among patients with < 2 vs ≥2 IPSS risk factors. Conclusions Although veterans with PMF have high overall mortality rates, and results in this population might not be generalizable to the overall population, there was a significant lowering of mortality rate in the post-ruxolitinib period