India's Strategic and Economic Perspective in Maritime Affairs: A New Horizon

The research paper “India’s Strategic and Economic Perspective in Maritime Affairs: A New Horizon” delves into India’s evolving role in the maritime domain, both from a strategic and economic viewpoint. Situated at the crossroads of vital sea lanes and with a vast coastline, India is uniquely positioned to influence maritime affairs. The paper explores India’s multi-dimensional approach to maritime challenges, focusing on the blue economy, regional initiatives, and geopolitical significance. It also examines India’s participation in global platforms like the G20 and its efforts to balance economic development with sustainable practices in the maritime sector. Through a comprehensive analysis, the paper argues that India is at a pivotal juncture, with the potential to shape a new horizon in maritime affairs that could have significant implications for regional stability, global trade, and environmental sustainability

Novel: A Genre in the Hands of Capitalist Class

The ‘Novel’ as a literary phenomenon is new to India. In comparison to, Epics, lyrics, drama, short stories and fables that have its ancestries which go back to several centuries. In the west, the literary tool 'Novel' was the offshoot of industrialization whereas in India, it was due to the Indian scholars educated in English who introduced it to the literary world. Both the part of the world used it to cater the needs of newly structured society. Industrialization drew rural population in search of jobs towards the cities. This led to the change in the social realities and life styles of the people, eventually resulting into unpredictable consequences and struggle for them. In spite of it, the Capitalist system was able to hold them back. The previous genres were not reflecting the current realities in which people were living. All the new realities created, had a unique demand that led to the formation of Genre ‘Novel’

EVOLUTION OF CROWD-SOURCING FROM COMPUTER TO MOBILE SYSTEMS

As crowd-sourcing is becoming popular for problem solving and completing a task, it is now very important to use this concept in an advance manner. It can also be used as a distributed and vast source of information. This concept is now evolving in world of mobile systems. This will be a little different from that of computer systems. In this paper, we have discussed some new technologies and challenges before us to implement these advancements in crowd-sourcing. We are going to talk about cheat-detection techniques, handling multimedia databases and how to trade off between cost and accuracy by considering the redundant data as well

Phishing Detection using Base Classifier and Ensemble Technique

Phishing attacks continue to pose a significant threat in today's digital landscape, with both individuals and organizations falling victim to these attacks on a regular basis. One of the primary methods used to carry out phishing attacks is through the use of phishing websites, which are designed to look like legitimate sites in order to trick users into giving away their personal information, including sensitive data such as credit card details and passwords. This research paper proposes a model that utilizes several benchmark classifiers, including LR, Bagging, RF, K-NN, DT, SVM, and Adaboost, to accurately identify and classify phishing websites based on accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score, and confusion matrix. Additionally, a meta-learner and stacking model were combined to identify phishing websites in existing systems. The proposed ensemble learning approach using stack-based meta-learners proved to be highly effective in identifying both legitimate and phishing websites, achieving an accuracy rate of up to 97.19%, with precision, recall, and f1 scores of 97%, 98%, and 98%, respectively. Thus, it is recommended that ensemble learning, particularly with stacking and its meta-learner variations, be implemented to detect and prevent phishing attacks and other digital cyber threats

FINSLER SPACE SUBJECTED TO A KROPINA CHANGE WITH AN h-VECTOR

In this paper, we discuss the Finsler spaces $(M^n,L)$ and (M^n,\,^{*}L), where $^{*}L(x,y)$ is obtained from $L(x,y)$ by Kropina change $^{*}L(x,y)=\frac{L^2(x,y)}{b_i(x,y)\,y^i}$ and $b^{}_{i}(x,y)$ is an \textsl{h}-vector in $(M^n,L)$. We find the necessary and sufficient condition when the Cartan connection coefficients for both spaces $(M^n,L)$ and (M^n,\,^{*}L) are the same. We also find the necessary and sufficient condition for Kropina change with an \textsl{h}-vector to be projective

Clinico-radiological correlation of osteoarthritis knee using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities score and Kellegren and Lawrance grading

Background: Diagnosis OA is basically based upon clinical and radiological features. In our study we have used a clinical scoring system of OA called as WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities) score and a radiological staging system KL staging (Kellegren and Lawrance) OA radiological staging system and correlation between them.Methods: There were total 66 patients with 102 knees. X ray of bilateral knee was taken in weight bearing position (standing) and WOMAC score was calculated. X-rays were assessed with KL grading. WOMAC score a clinical scoring was correlated with a radiological KL grading for the OA of knee.Results: Range of WOMAC score was 11.5-67.7. Mean WOMAC score were 18.75, 31.31, 52.57 and 67.2 in patients of KL grade 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Correlation between KL grading and WOMAC scoring were found to be significant; there were rise in the WOMAC scoring when KL grading increases.Conclusions: Both the KL grading and WOMAC score are directly proportional to each other, and hence, WOMAC scoring can be used to diagnose, assess the progression of the disease and the response to treatment of osteoarthritis

Metabolomics for Plant Improvement: Status and Prospects

Post-genomics era has witnessed the development of cutting-edge technologies that have offered cost-efficient and high-throughput ways for molecular characterization of the function of a cell or organism. Large-scale metabolite profiling assays have allowed researchers to access the global data sets of metabolites and the corresponding metabolic pathways in an unprecedented way. Recent efforts in metabolomics have been directed to improve the quality along with a major focus on yield related traits. Importantly, an integration of metabolomics with other approaches such as quantitative genetics, transcriptomics and genetic modification has established its immense relevance to plant improvement. An effective combination of these modern approaches guides researchers to pinpoint the functional gene(s) and the characterization of massive metabolites, in order to prioritize the candidate genes for downstream analyses and ultimately, offering trait specific markers to improve commercially important traits. This in turn will improve the ability of a plant breeder by allowing him to make more informed decisions. Given this, the present review captures the significant leads gained in the past decade in the field of plant metabolomics accompanied by a brief discussion on the current contribution and the future scope of metabolomics to accelerate plant improvement

Transcriptome Analysis in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): Applications in Study of Gene Expression, Non-Coding RNA Prediction, and Molecular Marker Development

Extensive analyses of transcriptome have been carried out in chickpea, which is the third most important legume valued as a source of dietary protein and micronutrients. Over the last two decades, several laboratories have used a wide range of techniques encompassing expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis, serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), microarray and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies for analysing the chickpea transcriptomes. However, chickpea transcriptome analysis witnessed significant progress with the advent of the NGS platforms. Gene expression analyses using NGS platforms were carried out in the vegetative and reproductive tissues such as shoot, root, mature leaf, flower bud, young pod, seed and nodule by various groups which resulted in identification of several tissue-specific transcripts. Some laboratories have utilized transcriptomics to explore the response of chickpea to abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heat, cold, Fusarium oxysporum and Ascochyta rabiei differentially expressed genes and also established crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress responses. Transcriptome analysis has been utilized extensively to identify non-coding RNAs such as miRNAs and long intergenic non-coding (LINC) RNAs. Transcriptome analysis has facilitated the development of molecular markers such as simple sequence repeats (SSRs), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and potential intron polymorphisms (PIPs) that are being used to expedite the chickpea breeding programmes. The available chickpea transcriptomes will continue to serve as the foundation for devising strategies for chickpea improvement

Solvent extraction and separation of copper and zinc from a pickling solution

Solvent extraction studies of copper and zinc have been carried out using Versatic 10 acid and Cyanex 272 separately from a model brass pickle liquor. Various parameters for the extraction and separation of copper and zinc such as effect of pH, extractant concentration, phase ratio etc. have been optimized. It was observed that copper was almost completely extracted into the organic phase comprising of 30% Versatic 10 acid at the equilibrium pH of 5.0 using the phase ratio of 1:1 whereas, zinc extraction was noticed at above pH 5.0. On the other hand the pH0.5 values were 3.5 and 4.6 for zinc and copper respectively with 20% Cyanex 272. The difference in pH0.5 value of 1.10 indicated the possible separation of Zn and Cu. By McCabe Thiele diagram number of stages required for the counter current extraction of copper and zinc has been determined for both the solvents. The stripping study showed that 1 mol/L H2SO4 was sufficient to strip metal ions in a single contact from each of the extractant