Total antioxidant status (TAS) in childhood cancer survivors

Total antioxidant status (TAS), and the influence of treatment and correlation between TAS and parametersinvolved in metabolic syndrome (MS) in pediatric cancer survivors were evaluated. One hundred childrenand adolescents were studied. Twenty-five survivors received radiotherapy, 12 were obese or overweight.Additionally, we analyzed TAS in eight children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at diagnosis andduring treatment after remission induction. The control group consisted of 22 healthy children. Serum concentrationsof TAS, glucose, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen and insulin were measured. Incancer survivors, independently of diagnosis and kind of treatment (radiotherapy anthracyclines administration),the mean serum TAS did not differ significantly from the control group. No correlations were observedwith age at the time of diagnosis or interval after the end of treatment. TAS values did not correlate with traits ofthe metabolic syndrome. In a group of eight patients with ALL at diagnosis and after induction of remission,TAS values were lower than in the control and cancer survivor groups. Antioxidant status was not found to bedeteriorated in children after anticancer treatment, irrespective of diagnosis or kind of treatment, which mightindicate sufficient antioxidant prevention. However, the possibility of the development of MS and cardiovasculardisease in adulthood indicates the need for future studies.Total antioxidant status (TAS), and the influence of treatment and correlation between TAS and parametersinvolved in metabolic syndrome (MS) in pediatric cancer survivors were evaluated. One hundred childrenand adolescents were studied. Twenty-five survivors received radiotherapy, 12 were obese or overweight.Additionally, we analyzed TAS in eight children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at diagnosis andduring treatment after remission induction. The control group consisted of 22 healthy children. Serum concentrationsof TAS, glucose, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen and insulin were measured. Incancer survivors, independently of diagnosis and kind of treatment (radiotherapy anthracyclines administration),the mean serum TAS did not differ significantly from the control group. No correlations were observedwith age at the time of diagnosis or interval after the end of treatment. TAS values did not correlate with traits ofthe metabolic syndrome. In a group of eight patients with ALL at diagnosis and after induction of remission,TAS values were lower than in the control and cancer survivor groups. Antioxidant status was not found to bedeteriorated in children after anticancer treatment, irrespective of diagnosis or kind of treatment, which mightindicate sufficient antioxidant prevention. However, the possibility of the development of MS and cardiovasculardisease in adulthood indicates the need for future studies

Are the diets of sympatric Pygoscelid penguins more similar than previously thought?

In recent years, functional changes in Southern Ocean are becoming more noticeable, due to climate change and increasing human impacts, including a growing fshery that is concentrating in the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) region. Antarctic krill Euphausia superba is often the primary prey species for animals such as Pygoscelis penguins, a sentinel species for ecosystem monitoring and management. During the last two decades in the AP gentoo penguin numbers (Pygoscelis papua) have increased and their range has shifted southward, in contrast to the decline in numbers of Adélie (P. adeliae) and chinstrap (P. antarcticus) penguins. Given divergent population trends, the goal of this study was to examine diferences in their diet, and size structure of Antarctic krill recovered from penguin diet samples. The study is based on diet samples collected during the austral summers on King George Island (South Shetland Islands) where P. adeliae, P. antarcticus, and P. papua breed in mixed colonies. Results indicate that the penguins consumed krill of similar sizes during the breeding period. In contrast to prior diet studies, we found higher proportions of krill in the gentoo diet and changes in the percentage of krill in the diet relative obtained during 1970s. The similarity in diets among all three species suggests that the availability prey items (e. g., fshes) may be changing and driving higher dietary overlap. Moreover, we also check diferences in krill length among penguin individuals and we did not fnd any statistically signifcant diferences. We also found plastic debris in penguin stomachs during both summers

The Effect of Glacier Recession on Benthic and Pelagic Communities: Case Study in Herve Cove, Antarctica

Changes in macrobenthic and pelagic communities in the postglacial, partially isolated, lagoon Herve Cove in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, were investigated 15 years after the first comprehensive studies had been conducted in this region. The bottom area of the cove has enlarged from approximately 12 ha to 19 ha after the retreat of the Dera Icefall. Based on a photographic survey of the benthos and taxonomic composition of zooplankton, ecological succession and the colonization of new species have been observed. Several new species occur such as gastropods, seastars, sea urchins and isopods, and their presence in different parts of the cove, as well as breeding aggregations suggests that they reproduce there. The influence of glacial streams is notable in bottom assemblages. We propose that Herve Cove is a good research area for studies on ecological succession in newly opened areas. The colonization of this lagoon has been recognized to be in its developing stage, and research should be continued

Brief biography of Virhov Rudolf (1821-1902)

The paper is devoted Virchow Rudolf’s biography When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/676

The Use of Assisted Reproductive Technology by European Childhood Cancer Survivors

CCS often wish to have biological children yet harbour concerns about fertility impairment, pregnancy risks and the general health risks of prospective offspring. To clarify these concerns, health outcomes in survivor offspring born following ART (n = 74, 4.5%) or after spontaneous conception (n = 1585) were assessed in our European offspring study by descriptive and bivariate analysis. Outcomes were compared to a sibling offspring cohort (n = 387) in a 4:1 matched-pair analysis (n = 1681). (i) Survivors were more likely to employ ART than their siblings (4.5% vs. 3.7%, p = 0.501). Successful pregnancies were achieved after a median of one cycle with, most commonly, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using non-cryopreserved oocytes/sperm. (ii) Multiple-sibling births (p < 0.001, 29.7% vs. 2.5%), low birth weight (p < 0.001; OR = 3.035, 95%-CI = 1.615-5.706), and preterm birth (p < 0.001; OR = 2.499, 95%-CI = 1.401-4.459) occurred significantly more often in survivor offspring following ART utilisation than in spontaneously conceived children. ART did not increase the prevalence of childhood cancer, congenital malformations or heart defects. (iii) These outcomes had similar prevalences in the sibling population. In our explorative study, we could not detect an influence on health outcomes when known confounders, such as multiple births, were taken into account

Adipokines and Insulin Resistance in Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer

We examined the association between adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, and resistin), radiotherapy, measurement of body fat, and insulin resistance among young adult survivors of childhood cancer (CCS). Materials and Methods. Seventy-six survivors were included (mean age 24.1±3.5 years). Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). The serum levels of adipokines were assayed by immunoassays. Fat mass was evaluated by DXA. Results. Mean adiponectin level and mean body FAT were higher in the examined females than in males (10009±6367 ng/mL versus 6433±4136 ng/mL, p<0.01; 35.98±9.61% versus 22.7±7.46%, p<0.001). Among CCS, one of 75 patients met the criteria of insulin resistance, and in 14 patients there was impaired fasting glucose. The multiple regression model for females showed that leptin/adiponectin ratio (LA ratio) significantly affected HOMA-IR (increase of 0.024 per each unit of LA ratio; p<0.05). Radiotherapy had no effect on serum adipokines and IR. Conclusion. The observed results support the hypothesis that adiponectin might be associated with insulin resistance and it can not be ruled out that changes in the mean level of adiponectin per FAT mass or leptin/adiponectin ratio may precede the occurrence of insulin resistance in the future