Marina Abramović : from the artist to the present

Marina Abramovic: From the Artist to the Present mostra una investigació entom a l'artista serbia entre 2010 i 2014. El punt d'inici és The Artist is Present, la seva retrospectiva i obra homónima realitzada al Museum of Modern Art de Nova York, el punt de màxima consolidació d'una artista de performance a la historia de l'art i el reconeixement del públic i la crítica. El treball intenta mostrar la seva trajectoria posterior a l'obra per cobrir el buit bibliografic existent.Marina Abramovic: From the Artist to the Present muestra una investigación realizada entorno a la artista serbia entre 2010 y 2014. El punto de inicio es The Artist is Present, su retrospectiva y obra homónima en el Museum of Modern Art de Nueva York; el punto de máxima consolidación de una artista de performance en la historia del arte y el reconocimiento de público y crítica. El trabajo intenta mostrar la trayectoria posterior a esta obra para cubrir el vacío bibliográfico existente.Marina Abramovic: From the Artist to the Present is a research focused on the serbian artist between 2010 and 2014. The starting point is The Artist is Present, a retrospective in the Museum ofModem Art in New York and the main artwork of the exhibition. It was moment when a performance artist became most stablished by a big institution and art criticism. The main theme of the research is to create a documental resource to group all the artworks from 2010 in a single study

Broca's Region: Novel Organizational Principles and Multiple Receptor Mapping

A novel map of Broca's language region is proposed based on transmitter receptor distributions as functionally relevant molecular markers. It sheds new light on the relation between anatomy and functional segregation

Mapping of whole‐cerebrum resting‐state networks using ultra‐high resolution acquisition protocols

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used in numerous studies to map networks in the brain that employ spatially disparate regions. However, attempts to map networks with high spatial resolution have been hampered by conflicting technical demands and associated problems. Results from recent fMRI studies have shown that spatial resolution remains around 0.7 × 0.7 × 0.7 mm3, with only partial brain coverage. Therefore, this work aims to present a novel fMRI technique that was developed based on echo-planar-imaging with keyhole (EPIK) combined with repetition-time-external (TR-external) EPI phase correction. Each technique has been previously shown to be effective in enhancing the spatial resolution of fMRI, and in this work, the combination of the two techniques into TR-external EPIK provided a nominal spatial resolution of 0.51 × 0.51 × 1.00 mm3 (0.26 mm3 voxel) with whole-cerebrum coverage. Here, the feasibility of using half-millimetre in-plane TR-external EPIK for resting-state fMRI was validated using 13 healthy subjects and the corresponding reproducible mapping of resting-state networks was demonstrated. Furthermore, TR-external EPIK enabled the identification of various resting-state networks distributed throughout the brain from a single fMRI session, with mapping fidelity onto the grey matter at 7T. The high-resolution functional image further revealed mesoscale anatomical structures, such as small cerebral vessels and the internal granular layer of the cortex within the postcentral gyrus

Localized prediction of glutamate from whole-brain functional connectivity of the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex

Local measures of neurotransmitters provide crucial insights into neurobiological changes underlying altered functional connectivity in psychiatric disorders. However, noninvasive neuroimaging techniques such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) may cover anatomically and functionally distinct areas, such as p32 and p24 of the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC). Here, we aimed to overcome this low spatial specificity of MRS by predicting local glutamate and GABA based on functional characteristics and neuroanatomy in a sample of 88 human participants (35 females), using complementary machine learning approaches. Functional connectivity profiles of pgACC area p32 predicted pgACC glutamate better than chance (R2 = 0.324) and explained more variance compared with area p24 using both elastic net and partial least-squares regression. In contrast, GABA could not be robustly predicted. To summarize, machine learning helps exploit the high resolution of fMRI to improve the interpretation of local neurometabolism. Our augmented multimodal imaging analysis can deliver novel insights into neurobiology by using complementary information

Online histological atlas of the Göttingen minipig brain.

The cytoarchitecture of the Göttingen minipig telencephalon has recently been elucidated in the published article (Bjarkam et al., 2017). The aim of the current paper is to describe how such data can be presented in an online histological atlas of the Gottingen minipig brain and how this atlas was constructed.Two sets of histological sections were used. One set was photographed in high resolution and labelled, the other set in low resolution (resized first set) was used for reference on the computer screen. The two sets of microphotographs enable, using the freely available JQuery Image Zoom Plugin, the subsequent construction of a simple HTML-based atlas web page with a 'virtual microscope like' style, which allowed magnifying of the base image (low-resolution image) up to the maximum resolution of the high-resolution image. In addition, we describe how the established histological atlas can be accompanied by a set of similar T1-weighted MRI pictures.Histological and MRI pictures are presented in atlas form on www.cense.dk/minipig_atlas/index.html. The described pipeline represent a cheap and freely available way to present histological images, in online virtual microscopic atlas form, and may thus be of general interest to anyone who would like to present histological data accordingly

The telencephalon of the Göttingen minipig, cytoarchitecture and cortical surface anatomy

During the last 20 years pigs have become increasingly popular in large animal translational neuroscience research as an economical and ethical feasible substitute to non-human primates. The anatomy of the pig telencephalon is, however, not well known. We present, accordingly, a detailed description of the surface anatomy and cytoarchitecture of the Göttingen minipig telencephalon based on macrophotos and consecutive high-power microphotographs of 15 μm thick paraffin embedded Nissl-stained coronal sections. In 1-year-old specimens the formalin perfused brain measures approximately 55 × 47 × 36 mm (length, width, height) and weighs around 69 g. The telencephalic part of the Göttingen minipig cerebrum covers a large surface area, which can be divided into a neocortical gyrencephalic part located dorsal to the rhinal fissure, and a ventral subrhinal part dominated by olfactory, amygdaloid, septal, and hippocampal structures. This part of the telencephalon is named the subrhinal lobe, and based on cytoarchitectural and sulcal anatomy, can be discerned from the remaining dorsally located neocortical perirhinal/insular, pericallosal, frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. The inner subcortical structure of the minipig telencephalon is dominated by a prominent ventricular system and large basal ganglia, wherein the putamen and the caudate nucleus posterior and dorsally are separated into two entities by the internal capsule, whereas both structures ventrally fuse into a large accumbens nucleus. The presented anatomical data is accompanied by surface renderings and high-power macrophotographs illustrating the telencephalic sulcal pattern, and the localization of the identified lobes and cytoarchitectonic areas. Additionally, 24 representative Nissl-stained telencephalic coronal sections are presented as supplementary material in atlas form on http://www.cense.dk/minipig_atlas/index.html and referred to as S1–S24 throughout the manuscript