Larvicide and insecticide activity of the essential oil of Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis in the control of Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758), under laboratory conditions

Essential oils have been considered as an important alternative facing synthetic pesticides. The control of the species Musca domestica is very important for public health due to their role as vector associated with Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella and Shigella, among other pathogens. The objective of this work was to evaluate the larvicidal and insecticidal efficacy of the essential oil of Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis, in the control of Musca domestica and its effect on the post-embryonic development of this species. The essential oil was applied topically in six concentrations to newly hatched larvae (1μL / larva). Mortality, interval length of each development period, as well as the weight of mature larvae were analyzed. An insecticidal bioassay was also carried out in adult flies. The essential oil of O. sanctum caused a slight reduction in the larval and pupal period for some of the concentrations evaluated. The time of development of the newly hatched larvae until the adult period was shortened in all the concentrations analyzed. The larvae of the control group were the heaviest. The effectiveness of the product in the control of the larvae of the flies of the species M. domestica was greater than 50%, except for those larvae treated with 80.25 mg/mL of the essential oil. The lethal concentration for adult insects LC50 was estimated at 9.41μg. Results demonstrated that the essential oil of O. sanctum has effect in all stages of the life cycle of M. domestica, extolling its potential as an effective insecticide against this species.&nbsp

Proteomic profile of culture filtrate from the Brazilian vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis BCG Moreau compared to M. bovis BCG Pasteur

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is currently the only available vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) and comprises a heterogeneous family of sub-strains with genotypic and phenotypic differences. The World Health Organization (WHO) affirms that the characterization of BCG sub-strains, both on genomic and proteomic levels, is crucial for a better comprehension of the vaccine. In addition, these studies can contribute in the development of a more efficient vaccine against TB. Here, we combine two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and mass spectrometry to analyse the proteomic profile of culture filtrate proteins (CFPs) from <it>M. bovis </it>BCG Moreau, the Brazilian vaccine strain, comparing it to that of BCG Pasteur. CFPs are considered of great importance given their dominant immunogenicity and role in pathogenesis, being available for interaction with host cells since early infection.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The 2DE proteomic map of <it>M. bovis </it>BCG Moreau CFPs in the pH range 3 - 8 allowed the identification of 158 spots corresponding to 101 different proteins, identified by MS/MS. Comparison to BCG Pasteur highlights the great similarity between these BCG strains. However, quantitative analysis shows a higher expression of immunogenic proteins such as Rv1860 (BCG1896, Apa), Rv1926c (BCG1965c, Mpb63) and Rv1886c (BCG1923c, Ag85B) in BCG Moreau when compared to BCG Pasteur, while some heat shock proteins, such as Rv0440 (BCG0479, GroEL2) and Rv0350 (BCG0389, DnaK), show the opposite pattern.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Here we report the detailed 2DE profile of CFPs from <it>M. bovis </it>BCG Moreau and its comparison to BCG Pasteur, identifying differences that may provide relevant information on vaccine efficacy. These findings contribute to the detailed characterization of the Brazilian vaccine strain against TB, revealing aspects that may lead to a better understanding of the factors leading to BCG's variable protective efficacy against TB.</p

Melia azedarach L. extracts and their activity on Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae)

RESUMO: &quot;Extratos de Os bioensaios mostraram inibição no desenvolvimento pós-embrionário das moscas e um signifi cativo aumento do período larva recém eclodida-adulto. Além disso, o peso pupal foi reduzido e a proporção sexual alterada. Foi observada toxicidade para os ovos das moscas. Unitermos: Extratos de planta, Diptera, Melia azedarach, regulação do desenvolvimento, atividade biológica. ABSTRACT: Crudes extracts and fractions from seeds of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) have been assayed on Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae). Thus, the postembryonic development of the fl ies was reduced and the delay from newly hatched larvae to adults had signifi cant increase. In addition, the pupal weights were reduced and the sexual ratio altered. Toxicity to fl y eggs was also observed

Insecticidal activity of the essential oil of Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis in the control of Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius), under laboratory conditions

El uso de insecticidas químicos sintéticos para el control de insectos es peligroso, afectan- do al hombre y los animales, contaminando el aire, el agua, el suelo y la cadena alimentaria, ocasionando graves efectos sobre la salud y propiciando el desarrollo de resistencia en varias especies de plagas y vectores. Todos estos problemas incrementan el interés por el desarrollo de insecticidas alternativos de menor impacto ambiental. Esta investigación se trazó como objetivo determinar el efecto insecticida del aceite esencial&nbsp;de Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis sobre la especie de moscas Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius). El aceite esencial fue extraído de las partes aéreas de la planta por el método de hidro-destilación en un equipo Clevenger. La colonia de dípteros muscoides fue mantenida según el procedimiento normalizado del Laboratorio de Entomología Médica y Forense del Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - LEMEF / FIOCRUZ. Para evaluar los efectos del aceite esencial sobre el desarrollo post-embrionario de las moscas, se ensayaron seis concentraciones (5, 10, 25, 50, 75 y 100%) en aplicación tópica 1μL/larva. Se obtuvo como resultado que en todos los tratamientos las larvas mostraron valores de masa corporal menores al compararlos con los grupos controles. El análisis de la duración de las etapas larval y pupal, así como del período de neolarva-adulto evidenció hubo un comportamiento que establece una diferencia entre los grupos tratados y los grupos controles. La utilización de este aceite esencial no influyó en la variable biológica razón sexual. Se concluye que el aceite esencial de Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis mostró actividad insecticida contra la especie Cochliomyia macellaria afectando los parámetros masa corporal y duración del período de neolarva-adulto, causando además mortalidad en todas las concentraciones probadas, por lo puede considerarse como un insecticida botánico de menor impacto ambiental para el control alternativo de esta especie de moscasO uso de inseticidas químicos sintéticos para o controle de insetos é perigoso, afetando o homem e os animais, contaminando o ar, a água, o solo e a cadeia alimentar, causando sérios efeitos à saúde e promovendo o desenvolvimento de resistência em várias espécies de pragas e vetores. Todos esses problemas aumentam o interesse no desenvolvimento de inseticidas alternativos com menor impacto ambiental. O objetivo desta investigação foi determinar o efeito inseticida do óleo essencial de Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis sobre as espécies de moscas Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius). O óleo essencial foi extraído das partes aéreas da planta pelo método de hidrodestilação em um equipamento de Clevenger. A colônia dípteros muscoides foi mantida de acordo com o procedimento padrão do Laboratório de Entomologia Médica e Forense do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - LEMEF / FIOCRUZ. Para avaliar os efeitos do óleo essencial no desenvolvimento pós-embrionário das moscas, seis concentrações (5, 10, 25, 50, 75 e 100%) aplicado topicamente 1 ul / larva testado. O resultado foi que em todos os tratamentos as larvas apresentaram menores valores de massa corporal quando comparados com os grupos controle. A análise da duração dos estágios larval e pupal, bem como do período neolarva-adulto, mostrou um comportamento que estabelece uma diferença entre os grupos tratados e os grupos controle. O uso deste óleo essencial não influenciou a variável biológica razão sexual. Conclui-se que o óleo essencial de Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis mostrou actividade insecticida contra Cochliomyia macellaria espécies que afecta os parâmetros de massa corporal e duração da neolarva-adulto, e fazendo com que a mortalidade em todas as concentrações testadas, assim pode ser considerado um insecticida botânico menor impacto ambiental para o controlo alternativo do presente espécies de moscas.The use of synthetic chemical insecticides for the control of insects is dangerous, affecting man and animals, contaminating the air, water, soil and the food chain, causing serious effects on health and promoting the development of resistance in several species of pests and vectors. All these problems increase the interest in the development of alternative insecticides with lower environmental impact. The objective of this investigation was to determine the insecticidal effect of the essential oil of Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis on the species of flies Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius). The essential oil was extracted from the aerial parts of the plant by the method of hydro-distillation in a Clevenger equipment. The colony of muscoid diptera was maintained according to the standard procedure of the Medical Entomology and Forensic Laboratory of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute - LEMEF / FIOCRUZ. To evaluate the effects of the essential oil on the post-embryonic development of the flies, six concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) were tested in topical application 1μL / larva. The result was that in all the treatments the larvae showed lower body mass values when compared with the control groups. The analysis of the duration of the larval and pupal stages, as well as the period of neolarva-adult showed a behavior that establishes a difference between the treated groups and the control groups. The use of this essential oil did not influence the biological variable sexual reason. It is concluded that the essential oil of Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis showed insecticidal activity against the species Cochliomyia macellaria, affecting body mass parameters and duration of the neolarva-adult period, causing mortality at all tested concentrations, so it can be considered as a botanical insecticide with lower environmental impact for the alternative control of this species of flies

Effects of latex from “Amapazeiro” Parahancornia amapa (Apocynaceae) on blowfly Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) post-embryonic development

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-03-22T12:44:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 paloma_mendonça_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 307685 bytes, checksum: e325ffdb88dd71074ddbad832cb91fb1 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-03-22T12:52:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 paloma_mendonça_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 307685 bytes, checksum: e325ffdb88dd71074ddbad832cb91fb1 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-22T12:52:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 paloma_mendonça_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 307685 bytes, checksum: e325ffdb88dd71074ddbad832cb91fb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmanioses. Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Ciências Exatas. Departamento de Química. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Ciências Exatas. Departamento de Química. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmanioses. Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Nowadays, insect control is usually carried out using chemical insecticides, but insect resistance and other negative side effects have prompted the search for alternatives. Biopesticides provide a positive alternative to synthetic pesticides because they have low impact on the environmental, low toxicity to humans and low costs among other advantages. This research was carried out to evaluate the activity of Parahancornia amapa (Huber) Ducke (Apocynaceae) lyophilized latex on the post embryonic development of Chrysomya megacephala (F.) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Larvae treated with 1.0% latex showed a shorter post embryonic development period (larval, pupal and newly hatched larvae to adult); whereas larvae treated with 3.0% latex provoked a prolongation of these periods. Viability (53%) was also very low at the newly hatched larvae to adult period for larvae treated with 3.0% latex, indicating that latex from P. amapa at high concentrations could change C. megacephala post embryonic development

Melia azedarach L. extracts and their activity on Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae)

Crudes extracts and fractions from seeds of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) have been assayed on Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae). Thus, the post-embryonic development of the flies was reduced and the delay from newly hatched larvae to adults had significant increase. In addition, the pupal weights were reduced and the sexual ratio altered. Toxicity to fly eggs was also observed

Bioactivity of the latex from Parahancornia amapa (Apocynaceae) on the development of Rhodnius nasutus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) under laboratory conditions

Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-10T13:55:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) marcio_lopesetal_IOC-2014.pdf: 1756378 bytes, checksum: 7b3136f8c4d296adfe34b9378ad730a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmaniose. Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro/UFRRJ. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmaniose. Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro/UFRRJ. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmaniose. Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro/UFRRJ. Departamento de Química Orgânica. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmaniose. Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil .Bioactivity of the latex from Parahancornia amapa (Apocynaceae) on the development of Rhodnius nasutus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) under laboratory conditions. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of the methanolic fraction of the latex from Parahancornia amapa (Apocynaceae) (PALAM) on individuals of the species Rhodnius nasutus Stål (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Many of the insects treated with the substance presented deformities and these may interfere in the feeding and possibly hinder the reproductive capacity. They also presented significant mortality during the molt when compared to the control group, noting a gradual increase in mortality. The treated insects also presented delayed nymphal development (5th instar) and higher adult longevity

Insecticidal effects of Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis essential oil on the diseases vector Chrysomya putoria

Context: The blowfly Chrysomya putoria is widely distributed throughout the Neotropical region and, besides transmitting pathogens; they could cause secondary myiasis. Botanical insecticides provide an alternative to synthetic pesticides because the excessive use of synthetic insecticides resulted in a progressive resistance of the pests to these chemicals, diminishing their effectiveness and generating consequences with negative environmental impact. The essential oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum (basil) has showed insecticidal activity against some insects but has no reported studies on the activity of this plant against flies. Aims: To evaluate the insecticidal effects of Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis Gomes essential oil on the post embryonic development of Chrysomya putoria. Methods: The colonies of Chrysomya putoria were established and maintained at the Laboratório de Entomologia Médica e Forense (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The basil essential oil was tested in six concentrations (4.13, 8.25, 20.63, 41.25, 61.87 and 80,25 mg/mL). Mortality and changes in life cycle were recorded daily. Results: β-caryophyllene, β-selinene and eugenol, were the main constituents of the basil essential oil. The experiments demonstrated that in all concentrations tested, this essential oil shortening the duration of all post embryonic stages having a direct impact in the viability of this fly estimating the LC50 in 7.47 mg/mL of concentration. In addition, the essential oil caused morphological alterations in abdomen, wings and ptilinum at lower concentrations. Conclusions: This essential oil emerge as a good option for the control of the disease vector blowfly Chrysomya putoria