Towards Authentication and Authorization – Electronic Medical Records

The Technological intervention in field of Computer Science and Information Technology has made it possible to access medical records of Individuals electronically. Electronic Health Records systems which are distributed and need to be interoperable too. Important Business drivers for such kind of high level of interoperability introduce unique citizen ID. Though citizen have access to data from central repository and they can directly communicate with health care providers, but when it comes to security and confidentiality, technology fails to meet the requirements. In this paper we suggest a framework for authentication and authorization of Electronic medical Records System in consideration .It will help to build An Secure-Privacy Protected Electronic medical Record System

An efficient resource sharing technique for multi-tenant databases

Multi-tenancy is one of the key components of cloud computing environment. Multi-tenant database system in SaaS (Software as a Service) has gained a lot of attention in academics, research and business arena. These database systems provide scalability and economic benefits for both cloud service providers and customers(organizations/companies referred as tenants) by sharing same resources and infrastructure in isolation of shared databases, network and computing resources with Service level agreement (SLA) compliances. In a multitenant scenario, active tenants compete for resources in order to access the database. If one tenant blocks up the resources, the performance of all the other tenants may be restricted and a fair sharing of the resources may be compromised. The performance of tenants must not be affected by resource-intensive activities and volatile workloads of other tenants. Moreover, the prime goal of providers is to accomplish low cost of operation, satisfying specific schemas/SLAs of each tenant. Consequently, there is a need to design and develop effective and dynamic resource sharing algorithms which can handle above mentioned issues. This work presents a model embracing a query classification and worker sorting technique to efficiently share I/O, CPU and Memory thus enhancing dynamic resource sharing and improvising the utilization of idle instances proficiently. The model is referred as Multi-Tenant Dynamic Resource Scheduling Model (MTDRSM) .The MTDRSM support workload execution of different benchmark such as TPC-C(Transaction Processing Performance Council), YCSB(The Yahoo! Cloud Serving Benchmark)etc. and on different database such as MySQL, Oracle, H2 database etc. Experiments are conducted for different benchmarks with and without SLA compliances to evaluate the performance of MTDRSM in terms of latency and throughput achieved. The experiments show significant performance improvement over existing Mute Bench model in terms of latency and throughput

Assessment of attitude and practice toward post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV among healthcare workers at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Prevention and control of AIDS are now a major problem as there is no vaccine or effective-curative treatment for this disease. Health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk for HIV infection. There were inadequate studies about post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of HIV among HCWs in southern India. Hence, we are conducting this study to assess the attitude and practice of PEP toward HIV among HCWs.Methods: The cross-sectional study was done among HCWs (doctors, surgeons, nurses, and dentists). Pre-tested questionnaire was given and requested to fill it after explaining the purpose of the study. About 65% and above correct answers was considered as adequate response. Values expressed as mean, proportions and analyzed by SPSS version 17.Results: Overall 6 (66%) of the total 9 questions in attitude were answered satisfactorily, and thus can be said to have good attitude regarding PEP in HIV. Only 16 people (10%) of the participants had taken PEP regimen. Among those who took PEP, the responses for the questions about the time of initiation of regimen, completion of prescribed duration of therapy and checking of HIV status after completion of regimen were unsatisfactory. Among the professions, surgeons were exposed more compared to other professions.Conclusion: Overall attitude toward PEP was positive among all the HCWs. The practice of PEP was not satisfactory even after exposure to risks. Informing HCWs about completing treatment course and post-treatment testing is important to prevent HIV transmission. Awareness of PEP should be improved among health professionals, by regular training meetings and introducing the guidelines of the safe practices in the academic syllabus of all the professions

AN APPLICATION OF SPOTTING OF UNEXPECTED ACCIDENT UNDER BAD CCTV MONITORING CONDITIONS IN DANGEROUS AREAS USING DEEP LEARNING CONVOLUTIONAL NUERAL NETWORK ALEX NET

As the urban population rises and the number of motor vehicles increases, traffic pollution is becoming a major concern in the twenty-first century. Accidents are a major cause of traffic delays since they not only result in injuries and losses for those involved, but also in lost and squandered time for others who are stuck behind the wheel. The proposed Object Detection and Tracking Technology (ODTS) would be used and expanded to automatically identify and control irregular events on CCTVs in tunnels in conjunction with a well-known deep learning network, Faster Regional Convolution Neural (Faster R- CNN), for Object Detection and Traditional Object Tracking. It enables the detection of a moving target in real time, which is typically not possible in standard object tracking systems. The proposed method takes a time frame as input for Object Detection Bounding Box discoveries, comparing current and preceding picture bounding boxes to provide a unique ID number to each moving and detecting object. [3] A video clip is the suggested system. It enables the detection of a moving target in real time, which is typically not possible in standard object tracking systems. As a result, the computer will identify any and all injuries. More specifically, because the training data set is large, it is possible to automatically improve the ODTS capabilities without modifying the programme code

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD AND RP-HPLC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF CAPECITABINE IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORMS

Objective: The objective of the present work is to develop and validate a novel, specific, precise and reliable method for estimation of Capecitabine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form using UV-visible spectroscopy and RP-HPLC method. Methods: UV-visible spectrophotometric determination was performed with Elico double beam SL 210 UV-visible spectrophotometer having deuterium lamp at λmax 304 nm using water as a medium. Linearity was noted over a concentration range of 2-20 µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. HPLC analysis was performed using Eclipse XDB C18 column with 5 µm particle size having dimensions 4.6 X 250 mm column, Agilent 1260 infinity DAD detector, 1260 infinity quaternary pump using Ezchrome software at a flow rate of 1 ml/min and a run time pressure of 2140 psi. Methanol: acetonitrile: water in the ratio 30: 30: 40 was used as mobile phase and the effluents were analyzed at 304 nm. Both the proposed methods were validated for various parameters like linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, ruggedness, selectivity, detection, quantification limits, formulation analysis as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Results: Linearity for UV and HPLC method was noted over a concentration range of 2-100 µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. The retention time was considered to be 4.60 min. The % RSD for interday and intraday precision studies and recovery analysis of both UV and HPLC methods was found to be less than 1% which is less than the official RSD limit (2%). Recovery analysis performed using marketed formulation capeguard was considered to be greater than 99% for both the methods. Conclusion: Both the methods developed were validated according to the ICH guidelines. Hence it was evident that the developed methods were novel, sensitive, precise and reliable for estimation of Capecitabine in bulk and were successfully applied for estimation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Keywords: Capecitabine, UV-visible spectroscopic method, HPLC method, Validatio

Gum chewing stimulates early return of peristalsis after caesarean section

Background: The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of postoperative gum chewing on the recovery of peristalsis after caesarean section. Study design was a randomized controlled study. Settings were at GMERS medical college and hospital, Sola, Ahmedabad. Population was total of 200 pregnant women who underwent caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.Methods: Women were randomized into two groups. Group A who received 1 chewing gum for 15 minutes every 2 hours post-surgery. Group B had traditional management (oral intake of clear fluids after 12 hours).Results: The study group showed shorter mean interval time for return of bowel sounds, passage of flatus, passage of bowel motion and shorter hospital stay as compared to the control group. Conclusions: Chewing gum is safe post-CS, well tolerated and associated with rapid return of intestinal motility and shorter hospital stay.

A study of perinatal mortality with obstetrics point of view with etiological factors and preventive approach

Background: Perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) serves as the most sensitive index, directly reflecting prenatal; intrapartum and newborn care. In order to reduce perinatal mortality, it is necessary to study the various factors influencing perinatal deaths.Methods: It was a retrospective study done over the period of 1 year from January 2021 to December 2021. Total 4389 deliveries were included out of which 228 perinatal deaths occurred. Causes of perinatal deaths were identified and studied.Results: Results showed that perinatal mortality rate was 17.5 per 1000 live births. Incidence of early neonatal death was 17.5% per total admissions. Majority of perinatal deaths occurred due to preterm, low birth weight. Maternal factor associated with perinatal mortality were antepartum haemorrhage, eclampsia, obstructed labour, malpresentation, medical problems in pregnancy.Conclusions: The perinatal mortality could be prevented with strengthening of antenatal care screening, educating pregnant women to recognize the signs of complications of pregnancy, timely access to obstetric care, monitoring of labour for fetal distress, and proper newborn resuscitation. With proper coordination of neonatologist and obstetrician, sizeable reduction in perinatal mortality can be achieved

Assess the frequency and severity of adverse drug reactions due to errors in drug intake at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Drug-related problems are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and a significant burden on healthcare resources. There are few studies to account for errors in drug intake leading to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study was pursued with the objective of determining the frequency and severity of the ADRs resulting from erroneous drug intake, the expenses incurred in treating the same.Methods: The study was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. The study subjects were patients with ADRs due to errors in drug intake and from self-medication. All the information regarding the ADR were collected as per ADR reporting form issued by Central Drugs Standard Control Organization. Causality was assessed by both Naranjo and the WHO criteria for causality assessment. Direct cost of all the medications, hospital charges (admission, bed charges, consultations paid, treatment charges, investigations, and conveyance charges) were recorded to find the financial burden due to error in drug intake.Results: The study showed that nearly 30% of the ADRs were due to errors in drug intake and the major contributing factor is self-modification either by discontinuation or missed doses. Major drugs that are implicated in these ADRs were that of metformin and insulins among anti-diabetic drugs and amlodipine and atenolol among antihypertensives. These two groups contributed to 18 (62%) of the total 29 ADRs. Organ system commonly involved was central nervous system and that was followed by musculoskeletal system. The average direct cost incurred in the management of these ADRs was Rs. 5773 for non-serious adverse events (SAE’s) and Rs. 11,400 for SAE’s.Conclusion: Proper education about the importance of compliance and damaging consequences of self-modification of drug dosage in patients who are on treatment for chronic disorders like diabetes and hypertension will be an effective strategy to prevent many of these ADRs

Effect of raja yoga meditation on glycaemic status in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: In this modern era stress is a commonly seen phenomenon. Stress affects physiological equilibrium leading to many pathologic conditions including endocrine disorders like diabetes mellitus. Physiological responses to stress including increased glucose production, glucose mobilisation and insulin resistance could partially mediate this risk. Meditation is a behavioural phenomenon which can be used to cause autonomic nervous system alterations and help in reducing stress and its effects.Methods: In this cross-sectional study 60 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were divided into 2 groups, 30 patients who are practicing Raja yoga meditation for more than 5 years and their glycemic status was compared with the glycemic status of 30 patients of T2DM who did not practice any form of yogic meditation.Results: Blood glucose level and glycated haemoglobin levels were significantly lower in yoga practitioners. Lipid profile showed significant reduction in total cholesterol and serum triglycerides.Conclusions: Thus, a better glycaemic control is achieved with regular practice of Raja yoga meditation which helps in maintaining optimal level of autonomic equilibrium at rest as well as during exposure to stress