Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with understanding fast food consumption among adults in Cambodia

Background: Over the past decades, fast food has been rapidly gaining popularity and availability worldwide. Its consequential impact on human health is among the highest in terms of non-communicable diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the level of understanding of fast food consumption among adults in Phnom Penh, the capital city of Cambodia.Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study aimed to investigate the level of understanding of factors associated with fast food consumption, among adults in Phnom Penh. Multi-stage random sampling was used to select 749 respondents from 12 communes of five districts in Phnom Penh. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the level of understanding of fast food consumption, and associated factors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, together with bivariate and multivariable logistic regression. Crude odds ratios (CORs) and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confident intervals (CI) were calculated to show the strength of associations.Results: The understanding of factors associated with fast food consumption was poor in 52.07% (95% CI: 48.48-55.66), fair in 22.70% (95% CI: 19.69-25.70) and good in 25.23% (95% CI: 22.12-28.35) of those surveyed. After adjusting for other covariates, unsatisfactory levels of knowledge around fast food consumption were found to be significantly associated with not taking regular exercise (AOR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.15-2.25;

Association between socioeconomic factors and soft drink consumption among adults in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study

Background: Soft drinks are an attractive and popular drink, consumed by many people to fulfill their energy. However, soft drink consumption is an important risk factor for non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between socioeconomic factors and soft drink consumption among adults in Cambodia. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study with multi-stage random sampling was used to select 749 respondents from 12 communes across 5 districts in Phnom Penh, the capital city of Cambodia. A structured questionnaire was used to assess socioeconomic factors and soft drink consumption. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression. Crude odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confident intervals (CI) were calculated to show the strength of associations.Results: The overall prevalence of soft drink consumption was 44.73% (95%CI: 41.16-48.30%) across the sample population. The final model of multiple logistic regression showed only four factors to be significantly associated with soft drink consumption: gender, age, family size and income. Respondents most likely to consume soft drinks were men (AOR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.10-2.00; p=0.009), those aged 31-59 years (AOR: 1.93, 95%CI: 1.98-4.62; p<0.001), those in a household of less than 5 individuals (AOR: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.44-3.19; p=0.036), and those earning <300$/month (AOR: 1.59, 95%CI: 1.10-2.31; p=0.003).Conclusion: The prevalence of soft drink consumption in Cambodia is a major concern for public health. The predictive factors significantly associated with soft drink consumption identified by this study were gender, age, household size and income. Therefore, all stakeholders should contribute to social marketing and intervention focusing on reducing the consumption of soft drinks through advertising on social media, television and other popular media platforms. Furthermore, additional taxation of soft drinks should be considered

Mental health status and quality of life among Cambodian migrant workers in Thailand

Background: Migrant workers have become a major issue for Thailand. Most of the migrants are from Myanmar, Cambodia, and Laos. Most are employed in jobs referred to as the “3 Ds”; difficult, dangerous and dirty. However, little is known concerning the living and working conditions, or health-related quality of life of these migrant workers. This study aims to determine factors influencing the quality of life of Cambodian migrant workers in Thailand.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,211 Cambodian migrant workers in Thailand, using multistage random sampling from eight districts of the two provinces (Sa Kaeo and Surin) with a structured questionnaire interview. The WHOQOL-BREF was used to measure Quality of Life (QOL) with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77. Mental health status was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.83. Descriptive statistics provide participant characteristics. Multilevel logistic regression (MLR) were used to determine which factors significantly impacted the outcome measures in terms of the adjusted odds ratio (AOR). P[less than]0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: About one third of these migrant workers had a poor quality of life (34.52%; 95%CI: 31.84-37.20), and had moderate-to-high levels of stress (67.96%; 95%CI: 65.33-70.59), and symptoms of depression (69.69%; 95%CI: 67.10-72.29). After controlling other covariate factors, the factors associated with poor QOL were a high level perceived of stress (AOR=3.64; 95%CI: 2.41-5.49; p[less than]0.001); living with family and relatives (AOR=3.63; 95%CI: CI 2.42-5.45; p[less than]0.001); and housing being provided by their employer (AOR=2.66; 95%CI: 1.74-4.08; p[less than]0.001).Conclusion: Stress was strongly associated with QOL. The living environment was found to be the next most influential factor on QOL. Mental health programs aimed at helping migrant workers to cope with stress and to improve their living conditions will help improve QOL in the target group

Community-based model for the delivery of antiretroviral therapy in Cambodia: a quasi-experimental study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Multi-month dispensing (MMD) is the mainstay mechanism for clinically stable people living with HIV in Cambodia to refill antiretroviral therapy (ART) every 3-6 months. However, less frequent ART dispensing through the community-based ART delivery (CAD) model could further reduce the clients' and health facilities' burden. While community-based services have been recognized as an integral component of HIV response in Cambodia, their role and effectiveness in ART delivery have yet to be systematically assessed. This study aims to evaluate the CAD model's effectiveness on the continuum of care and treatment outcomes for stable people living with HIV in Cambodia. METHODS: We will conduct this quasi-experimental study in 20 ART clinics across the capital city and nine provinces between May 2021 and April 2023. Study sites were purposively selected based on the availability of implementing partners, the number of people living with HIV each clinic serves, and the accessibility of the clinics. In the intervention arm, approximately 2000 stable people living with HIV will receive ART and services from the CAD model. Another 2000 stable people living with HIV in the control arm will receive MMD-a standard care model for stable people living with HIV. The primary outcomes will be retention in care, viral load suppression, and adherence to ART. The secondary endpoints will include health providers' work burden, the model's cost-effectiveness, quality of life, mental health, social support, stigma, and discrimination. We will compare the outcome indicators within each arm at baseline, midline, and endline using descriptive and inferential statistics. We will evaluate the differences between the intervention and control arms using the difference-in-differences method. We will perform economic evaluations to determine if the intervention is cost-effective. DISCUSSION: This study will build the evidence base for future implementation and scale-up of CAD model in Cambodia and other similar settings. Furthermore, it will strengthen engagements with community stakeholders and further improve community mobilization, a vital pillar of the Cambodian HIV response. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04766710 . Registered 23 February 2021, Version 1

Prevalence and determinants of postpartum depression among adolescent mothers: A cross-sectional study

This study aims to determine the factor affecting the incidence of postpartum depression in adolescent mothers. The incidence of postpartum depression is quite high in Asia. The highest percentage occurred when having a first child and family history of mood disorders. The cause of this issue is varied. This study used a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted from May 2021 to March 2022. It involved a total of 886 adolescent mothers as respondents. The instrument used the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the factors associated with postpartum depression. the prevalence of Postpartum depression is 50.68%. Family monthly income (95%CI: 4.09-6.75, p-value: 0.001), planned pregnancy (95%CI: 1.26-4.9, p-value: 0.000), wanted pregnancy (95%CI: 2.37-5.67, p- value: 0.001), type of delivery (95%CI: 4.39 – 5.21, p-value: 0.002), satisfied with baby's sex (95%CI: 4.39 – 5.21, p-value: &lt;0.000), husband support (95% CI: 2.89-5.88, p-value: 0.000) were statistically significant with postpartum depression. Mothers with postpartum depression have a negative impact on themselves, their babies, and their families

Analysis factors affecting postpartum depression in postpartum mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic

This study aims to analyze the factors associated with postpartum depression during the Covid-19 pandemic. The first general reactions of parents who have children with mental retardation are shock, fear, sadness, disappointment, guilt, rejection, or anger. These conditions have the potential to cause psychological problems that can lead to depression. There are many factors affecting depression in mothers who have children with mental retardation. This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The sample involved 247 respondents determined using an accidental sampling technique. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with a significant value of &lt;0.05. postpartum mothers who experienced depression were 143 people (57.89). Variables showedrelationship to postpartum depression were age with a p-value of 0.000 and social support with a p-value of 0.002. Both variables were declared significant because the p-value is lower than 0.05. Social support is the most dominant risk factor contributing to incidence of postpartum depression. Important to take preventive measures by involving husbands and families in providing information about maternal child health and anticipating the early detection of postpartum blues postpartum depression with the quality of extracting patient information (anamnesis) to reduce incidence of postpartum depression

Family functions, social support and quality of life among elderly during pandemic COVID-19: A cross-sectional study

This study aims to determine the relationship between family function, social support, and the quality of life of the elderly in Kebumen District. Commonly elderly face weakness, limitation, and disability issues so that their quality of life decreases. Families have an important role to improve the quality of life of the elderly. This study used a cross-sectional design involving 468 elderly determined by a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. The bivariate analysis used simple logistic regression analysis and if the value of the bivariate analysis was &lt; 0.25, then it would be continued with the multivariate analysis. The multivariate analysis used multiple logistic regression with Adjusted OR and 95% CI with a significant level of 0.05. : there is a significant relationship between family function and social support and the quality of life of the elderly with a p-value of 0.001 with 95% CI (2.35-4.19) and a p-value of 0.001 with 95% CI (3.33 – 6.02) respectively. Family function and social support are factors reducing the morbidity and mortality rates which finally can improve the quality of life of the elderly

Prevalence and Determinants of Postpartum Depression Among Adolescent Mothers: A Cross-sectional Study

This study aims to determine the factor affecting the incidence of postpartum depression in adolescent mothers. The incidence of postpartum depression is quite high in Asia. The highest percentage occurred when having a first child and family history of mood disorders. The cause of this issue is varied. This study used a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted from May 2021 to March 2022. It involved a total of 886 adolescent mothers as respondents. The instrument used the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the factors associated with postpartum depression. the prevalence of Postpartum depression is 50.68%. Family monthly income (95%CI: 4.09-6.75, p-value: 0.001), planned pregnancy (95%CI: 1.26-4.9, p-value: 0.000), wanted pregnancy (95%CI: 2.37-5.67, p- value: 0.001), type of delivery (95%CI: 4.39 – 5.21, p-value: 0.002), satisfied with baby's sex (95%CI: 4.39 – 5.21, p-value: &lt;0.000), husband support (95% CI: 2.89-5.88, p-value: 0.000) were statistically significant with postpartum depression. Mothers with postpartum depression have a negative impact on themselves, their babies, and their families

Prenatal Yoga on the anxiety level of pregnant women in the third trimester during the COVID-19 pandemic in Purbalingga, Indonesia

Introduction: Prenatal yoga is a modified type of Hatha yoga that is adjusted to the condition of pregnant women. This study aims to determine the effect of prenatal yoga on the anxiety level of pregnant women in the third trimester during the Covid-19 pandemic in Purbalingga. Methods: This study used Pre-Experimental Design with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The sample in this study was 576 pregnant women in clinics in Purbalingga. It used the total sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: The results showed that the pretest results of anxiety scores of pregnant women who take prenatal yoga classes are 16.48 with a standard deviation of 5.598, a median of 16.00 (minimum 3-maximum 33). Then, after prenatal yoga, the anxiety score is 4.67 with a standard deviation of 2.862, and a median of 4.67 (minimum 0- maximum 11).&nbsp; Then, the Wilcoxon test obtains a p-value of 0.000 (&lt;0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a difference in the level of anxiety before and after the intervention in the form of prenatal yoga. Prenatal yoga reduces anxiety levels in pregnant women in the third trimester during the Covid-19 pandemic