Antimicrobial, analgesic, antioxidant and in silico study of synthesized salicylic acid congeners and their structural interpretation

AbstractA series of azosalicylic acid analogs were newly synthesized by coupling various aryl and heteroarylamine functionalities with salicylic acid nucleus. All the synthesized compounds were structurally confirmed by various modern analytical methods. The said synthesized compounds were screened to investigate their antimicrobial, analgesic and antioxidant activities. The compounds 4e and 4h showed excellent significant antibacterial activity against most of the bacterial strains as no compounds showed significant antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans. The bromine substituted molecule 4e (4-bromo-3-methyl phenyl azosalicylic acid analog) showed the highest significant analgesic activity with 46.10% of inhibition. The results of in vitro antibacterial and analgesic activity were justified with the outcome of in-silico investigation. The results of biological activities were statistically interpreted. The compounds substituted with antipyrinylazo and 4-carboxy phenylazo moiety exhibited potential antioxidant activity

MEDICINAL INTEREST OF AZO-BASED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS: A REVIEW

ABSTRACTThe azo derived products are versatile building blocker organic compounds used in drug research. In this review, we include the synthetic strategyand medicinal utility of some new azo derived candidates in recent years, which must be a good source of information to the researchers. A numberof research articles explored with the help of different electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, Crossref, Orcid, and GoogleScholar to study the various biological activities of azo compounds. A number of journals from last decades were surveyed and found to be observedthat azo-linkage synthetic organic compounds have good therapeutic properties, viz., antitumor, antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, antidiabetic,anticonvulsant, and antidepressant activity. Keeping the medicinal utility included in the article, it can be concluded that the invention of new azomolecules and their complexes should be encouraged to present novel bioactive molecules.Keywords: Diazotization, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Cholinesterase, Antitubercular

ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SOME NEWLY SYNTHESIZED BENZENE-1, 3-DIOL CONGENERS AND THEIR CHARACTERIZATION

Objective: Synthesis of novel Benzene-1, 3-diol analogues by incorporation of various aryl and hetero arylazo moieties. The newly synthesized Benzene-1, 3-diol congeners were evaluated to study their in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.Methods: This part of research work was included with the synthesis of a series of Benzene-1, 3-diol analogues by coupling of Benzene-1, 3-diol with different diazotized aryl and heteroaryl amines and their structures and physical characteristics were confirmed by different modern analytical techniques viz. FT/IR, 1H NMR, UV spectroscopy, LC-MS, DSC and elemental analysis. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds were conducted by cup and plate method against different gram positive and gram negative bacterial pathogens and fungal strains. The radical scavenging activity of the Benzene-1, 3-diol analogues were measured by DPPH method. The results of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity were statistically interpreted.Results: The newly synthesized compounds of Benzene-1, 3-diol substituted with 4-carboxy phenyl, antipyrinyl and isoxazolyl nucleus showed significant antibacterial activity. Whereas, the antipyrinyl and isoxazolyl substitued benzene-1, 3-diol analogues showed significant antifungal activities when compared with standard drugs. The Benzene-1, 3-diol analogues also exhibited effective antioxidant activity.Conclusion: This research work concluded that the newly synthesized benzene-1, 3-diol analogues posses significant antimicrobial and potential antioxidant activity

Study of antimicrobial, analgesic wound healing and antioxidant activities of some newly synthesized oxychinolin derivatives and their characterization

A series of aryl and heteroaryl substituted oxychinolin derivatives have been synthesized and spectral characterizations have been conducted with different modern analytical techniques. The antimicrobial activities of the novel synthesized oxychinolin analogs against different microbial strains have been screened by agar diffusion method. The compounds 4g and 4h were observed with significant antibacterial activity in comparison to reference antibiotic (ampicillin) against most of the bacterial pathogens. Compounds 4-((8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl) diazenyl)-N-(5-methyl isoxazol-3-yl) benzene sulfonamide (4c), 4-((8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl) diazenyl)-1, 5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one (4g) and 2-((8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)diazenyl) benzoic acid (4h) showed zone of inhibition at MIC level 31.25 µg mL−1 against most of the organisms. The compounds 4g and 4h are observed with significant wound healing, analgesic and potential antioxidant activity

Study of solvatochromic behavior and antimicrobial activities of some newly synthesized bis-azo-dapsone congeners

724-733<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-GB">In the present study, a series of new bisazo dyes derived from dapsone have been synthesized in one step, using diazotized coupling reaction and evaluated for their in-vitro antimicrobial activity. Ampicillin and fluconazole have been taken as reference antibiotics (RA). The structure of synthesized compounds are confirmed by different spectral techniques viz. elemental analysis, 1H NMR, UV-Vis, FT-IR and mass spectrometry. The solvatochromic behavior of the synthesized compounds are also studied by UV-Vis spectrometry. The compound 4b has been observed with significant antibacterial activity against Shigella flexneri,<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholera and Streptococcus mitis in comparison to standard drug whereas all the compounds except 4f show significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. The results have been statistically interpreted by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s Post Hoc test. Exploitation of dapsone molecule by the attachment of different nucleophiles may be responsible for the significant increase of antimicrobial activity. However, the 8-hydroxy quinoline linked bisazo dapsone showed highest significant antimicrobial activity than the other newly synthesized bisazo dapsone analogues in comparison to RA.</span

Newly Developed Semi-Synthetic Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine-Phytochemical Conjugates as Prospective COVID-19 Drug(s)

Dear Editor, Kindly find a research article entitled “Newly developed semi-synthetic chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine-phytochemical conjugates as prospective COVID-19 drug(s)”, submitted for consideration for publication. Kindly find the Herein, two series of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) derivatives were chemically conjugated with established small phenolic phytochemicals namely, thymol, vanillin, guaiacol, eugenol, 4-hydroxycoumarin and vanillin analogues by the principles of Williamson ether reaction. The HCQ-vanillin conjugation would be coveted as a potential candidate against human COVID-19. Thanking you, With regards, Rabindra Nath Padhy, PhD, Post-Doc, Member NAMS. Professor and Head, Central Research Laboratory, IMS & Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ AnusandhanDeemed to be University, Bhubaneswar- 751003, Odisha, India. E-mail: [email protected]<br /

Synthesis, spectral characterization, <i>in silico</i> and <i>in vitro</i> antimicrobial investigations of some Schiff base metal complexes derived fromazo salicylaldehyde analogues

1267-1276A series of aryl / heteroarylazo substituted salicylaldehyde analogues along with the complexes of the composition [M (L)2(H2O) 2].xH2O where L is deprotonated Schiff base ligand 2-[(E)-(4-methoxyphenylimino) methyl]-4-[(E)-(3-nitrophenyl) diazenyl] phenol 5a(Lig) and M = Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) have been synthesized. The solvent effect of all the titled compounds has been studied using different solvents. The structure of synthesized compounds are confirmed by different spectral techniques viz. elemental analysis 1H NMR, UV-Vis, FT-IR, mass spectrometry, XRD and SEM. The 2-hydroxy-5-[(3-nitrophenyl) diazenyl] benzaldehyde 4d shows excellent significant antibacterial activity against a wide range of bacterial strains in comparison to ampicillin. The compound 4d exhibits better antifungal activity than its complexes and intermediate Schiff base against A. niger, T. rubrum and C. glabrata in comparison to fluconazole. The results of in vitro antibacterial activities of the said synthesized compounds also reveals that compound 4c and 4e exhibit the highest zone of inhibition against S. flexneri, which strongly supports the results of in silico investigation

Cytotoxic investigation of some newly synthesized quinoline-thiazole based azo compounds

1256-1264A series of diazotized sulphonamides have undergone azo coupling with the newly synthesized Schiff base ligand (E)-N-((2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methylene)-4-phenylthiazol-2-amine 3a and (E)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-((2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methylene)-thiazol-2-amine 3b to give quinoline-thiazole based azo compounds. The solvent effect of the resulting compounds has been studied with different solvents. The structural confirmation of all the synthesized congeners has been carried out by different spectral techniques such as elemental analysis, 1H&nbsp;NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis and LC-MS. The results of in&nbsp;vitro cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds has revealed that the compounds N-(4-(((Z)-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)(4-phenylthiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)diazenyl)phenylsulfonyl)acetamide 5b, 4-(((Z)-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)(4-phenylthiazol-2-ylimino) methyl)diazenyl)-benzenesulfonic acid 5d and 4-(((Z)-(4-(4-chlorophenyl) thiazol-2-ylimino) (2-chloroquinolin-3yl)methyl)diazenyl) benzene-sulfonic acid 5h show excellent cytotoxic action against MCF 7 (human breast cancer cell line) and K562 (CML cell line)

Synthesis, spectroscopic analysis, and computational-based investigations on ‘azo-coumarin-Co(II)-galangin’ hybrids exhibit multipotential activities

The present study synthesized a series of cobalt (II) metal ion frame hybrid candidates (6a–6f) bearing phyto-flavonol galangin with substituted aryl diazenyl coumarins, and further structural confirmation was validated by various spectral techniques, including NMR, ATR-FTIR, UV-vis, HPLC, XRD, etc. Therapeutic potency was investigated via PASS (prediction of activity spectra for substances), molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, prediction of toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and drug-likeness scores, along with the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), with their energy gaps (ΔEH–L) to locate the most potential therapeutic candidates. The PASS prediction (Pa > Pi score) showed that proposed metal complexes have kinase inhibitors, antioxidative, and antischistosomal activities with potential molecular docking scores (> −7 kcal/mol) against selected targeted enzymes. Further, the MD-simulation (RMSD, RMSF, Rg, and H-bonds) of the most potential docking complex, ‘HER2-6d’, showed a minimum deviation similar to the standard drug (lapatinib) at 100 ns, indicating that 6d could be a potential noncovalent anticancer inhibitor. In addition, metal complexes possess a non-toxic and ideal drug-ability profiles, and positive electron space in an excited state increases the binding affinity towards target enzymes. Among all six ligands, 6c and 6d were the two most multipotent therapeutic agents from the above analyses. In summary, this could be a feasible approach towards the utilization of phytochemicals in mainstream therapeutic applications, where bioinformatics tools help to select a lead drug candidate at an early stage and guide for higher experimental success by proceeding with potential candidates. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma</p