Microstructure Evaluation Of Uns S32205 Duplex Stainless Steel Friction Stir Welds [avaliação Microestrutural De Juntas Soldadas Por Atrito Com Pino Não-consumível Do Aço Inoxidável Duplex Uns S32205]

UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel welds were performed by friction stir welding (FSW). Advancing and retreating sides showed distinct characteristics in the welded joint. The advancing side shows the strongest grain refinement which is corroborated by microhardness measurements. The microstructure characterization was carried out by optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The thermomechanically affected zone displays austenite islands deformed in a ferrite matrix. The stir zone (SZ) showed a fine recrystallized microstructure providing an outstanding increase of hardness associated with better corrosion performance. Transmission electron microscopy and corrosion tests have corroborated the absence of intermetallic phases on welded joints.662187191(2009) Standard test method for conducting cyclic potentiodynamic polarization measurements for localized corrosion susceptibility of iron-, nickel-, or cobalt-based alloys, , ASTM G61-86, West Conshohocken, PA: ASTMLippold, J.C., (2005) Welding metallurgy and weldability of stainless steels, pp. 230-263+357. , In: LIPPOLD, J.C. et al. (eds.). Duplex stainless steels. Ohio: John Wiley & Sons, cap. 7Lo, K.H., Recent developments in stainless steels (2009) Mat. Sci. Eng. R, 65, pp. 39-104Mishra, R.S., (2007) Friction stir welding and processing, p. 360. , Ohio: ASM InternationalPadilha, A.F., (2005) Encruamento, recristalização, crescimento de grão e textura, p. 232. , São Paulo: Associação Brasileira de Metalurgia e MateriaisPaijkull, M., The use of duplex stainless steel grades in tubular products (2008) Steel Stainless Steel World, pp. 71-79Saeid, T., Effect of friction stir welding speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a duplex stainless steel (2008) Materials Science and Engineering A, 496, pp. 262-268Sato, Y.S., Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded SAF 2507 super duplex stainless steel (2005) Materials Science and Engineering A, 397, pp. 376-384Steel, R.J., Friction stir welding of SAF 2507 (UNS S32750) super duplex stainless (2004) Steel Stainless Steel World, 16, pp. 1-16Tait, S.W., An introduction to eletrochemical corrosion testing for practing engineers and scientists (1994) Pair Docs Publication

Growth, functional capacities and motivation for achievement and competitiveness in youth basketball: An interdisciplinary approach

The interaction of multiple influences on the path to sport success is not yet fully understood by sport scientists. In this study, we examined variation in body size, functional capacities and motivation for achievement, competitiveness and deliberate practice of youth basketball players associated with differences in biological maturity status and chronological age. Reflecting the importance of interactive effects, we examined the relationships between the psychological variables and functional capacities. Fifty-eight male basketball players aged 9.5 to 15.5 years were considered. Variables included chronological age, estimated age at PHV, stature, body mass and sitting height by anthropometry; the Work and Family Orientation and Deliberate Practice Motivation Questionnaires were also used. Finally, the Line Drill test and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1) tests were used as functional capacities indicators for basketball. Variance components models derived from series of multilevel linear regression models revealed a significant variation by maturity status for body size, functional capacities indicators, mastery and will to excel. The influence of estimated maturity status on mastery and will to excel was independent of chronological age. Furthermore, after controlling for age, an influence of estimated maturity on competitiveness was apparent. In contrast, no relationships were observed between psychological variables and functional capacities indicators. We conclude that growth-related changes are relevant to understanding players´ motivations for achievement, competitiveness and deliberate practice. This should be of interest to those involved in the selection and development of youth basketball players

Variabilidade Do Desempenho No Line-drill Test Em Adolescentes Jogadores De Basquetebol

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)The practice of basketball during adolescence increases the body size and functional performance. Basketball involves short-time maximum effort for changes of direction, which use anaerobic metabolism and agility. Objective: To examine the variation in performance in the Line-drill Test in adolescent basketball players (n=59, age 9-15 years) in relation to the stage of somatic maturity (estimated age of peak growth velocity [PGV]) and the variation in body size. Methods: We considered chronological age, estimated time for the age of PGV by the maturity offset protocol, height and body mass measured by anthropometry, and performance in the Line Drill Test. Proportional allometric models were used to control the variation associated with the body size, chronological age, and maturity of inter-individual variation in the Line-drill Test. Results: We found a high negative linear relationship between performance in the Line-drill Test and chronological age (r=-0.64, 95% IC -0.77 - -0.46, p<0.01). The relationship between performance on the Line-drill Test and the time until the age of PGV proved to be non-linear, indicating slowdown in performance variation, approximately from the age of PGV and one year after the predicted PGV. The allometric models showed a negative relationship between body size and performance in the Line-drill Test. The amplitude of variance explained in the proportional allometric models ranged from 0.28 to 0.48. Negative exponents of small magnitude were observed for chronological age and the indicator of maturity being, however, significant and with reduced amplitude (-0.05 to -0.06) Conclusion: The use of allometric models to control the influence of body size can potentially help to understand the development of agility performances in adolescent basketball players. © 2016, Redprint Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.226445449PNPD/CAPES/2013, CAPES, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFAPESP, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Training Conditions Of Brazilian Gymnasts Who Participated In The Olympic Games (1980-2004) [condições Dos Treinamentos De Ginastas Brasileiras Participantes De Jogos Olímpicos (1980-2004)]

This paper aims to register and analyze the training facilities used by the Brazilian gymnasts who participated in the Olympic Games (1980-2004), in order to reflect upon this aspect of Female Artistic Gymnastics. To achieve this goal, we developed a qualitative research study using the Oral History method. Based on a cross-sectional analysis of the testimonials given by ten gymnasts who took part in this survey, we observed that training facilities have improved since the 90's, when Ucranian coaches were hired, a permanent Brazilian team was established and investments were made on equipment and training facilities. Despite the positive changes we have witnessed in this sport in the past years, all gymnasts who participated in the study reported that they had to practice in inappropriate training facilities at some point.184757769Arkaev, L.I., Suchilin, N.G., (2004) Gymnastics: How to Create Champions, , Oxford: Meyer & Meyer SportBortoleto, M.A.C., (2004) La Lógica Interna de la Gimnasia Artística Masculina (GAM) y Estudio Etnográfico de un Gimnasio de Alto Redimiento., p. 668. , Tese (Doutorado em Educação Física). Instituto Nacional de Educación Física, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Espanha 2004Carvalho, S.I., (2007) O Discurso Midiático da Ginástica Artística., p. 102. , Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação Física) - Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 2007De Bosscher, V., De Knop, P., Van Bottenburg, M., Shibli, S., Bingham, J., Explaining international sporting success: An international comparison of elite sport systems and policies in six countries (2009) Sport Management Review, 12 (3), pp. 113-136. , SydneyDigel, H., The context of talent identification and promotion: A comparison of nations (2002) New Studies in Athletics, 17 (3-4), pp. 13-26http://www.eis2win.co.uk/pages/news_searchbeginsfornewnationaldirector. aspx, ENGLISH INSTITUTE OF SPORT. Acesso em: 12 nov. 2008Laville, C., Dionne, J., (1999) A Construção Do Saber: Manual de Metodologia da Pesquisa em Ciências Humanas, , Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas SulMeihy, J.C.S.B., (2005) Manual de História Oral. 5a, , ed. São Paulo: LoyolaNunomura, M., Oliveira, M.S., Centro de excelência e ginástica artística feminina: a perspectiva dos técnicos brasileiros (2012) Motriz, 18 (2), pp. 378-392. , Rio Claro, abr./junOliveira, M.S., Bortoleto, M.A.C., A ginástica artística masculina brasileira no panorama mundial competitivo (1987-2008) Motriz, 15 (2), pp. 297-309. , Rio Claro, abr/jun 2009Portelli, A., O que faz a história oral diferente (1997) Projeto História (PUC-SP), 14, p. 1997. , São PauloQueiroz, M.I.P., (1988) Relatos Orais: Do Ïndivizível "ao " Divizível ", pp. 14-43. , SIMSON, O. R. M. (org.). Experimentos com histórias de vida (Itália-Brasil). São Paulo: Vértice, Editora dos TribunaisRIO2016. Requerimentos técnicos - treinamento. Esportes olímpicos e paraolímpicos. Rio de Janeiro, 2011Ruiz, J.I.O., (1999) Metodología de la Investigación Cualitativa, , Segunda Edição. Bilbao: Universidade de DeustoSchiavon, L.M., (2009) Ginástica Artística Feminina e História Oral: A Formação Desportiva de Atletas Brasileiras Participantes de Jogos Olímpicos (1980-2004)., p. 379. , http://cutter.unicamp.br/document/?code=000439200, Tese (Doutorado em Educação Física) Faculdade de Educação Física Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas-SP 2009 Disponível em. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2012Simson, O.R.M., (1988) Experimentos com histórias de vida (Itália-Brasil), , São Paulo: Vértice, Editora dos TribunaisSimson, O.R.M., (2006) A Arte de Recriar O Passado: A Metodologia da História Oral e Suas Contribuições À Promoção Do Envelhecimento Bem Sucedido, , Neri, A. (org.). Desenvolvimento e envelhecimento: perspectives biológicas, psicológicas e sociológicas. Campinas-SP: PrósSmoleuskiy, V., Gaverdouskiy, I., (1996) Tratado General de Gimnasia Artística Deportiva, , Barcelona: PaidotriboStill, C., (1993) Manual de Gimnasia Artística Femenina, , Barcelona: Editorial PaidotriboThompson, P., (1992) História Oral: A Voz Do Passado. 3a. Ed, , Rio de Janeiro: Paz e TerraZakharov, A., Gomes, A.C., (2003) Ciência Do Treinamento Desportivo. 2a. Ed, , Rio de Janeiro: Grupo Palestra Spor

Structure Of Rhythmic Gymnastics Trainings Center In Brazil

This study was elaborated with the purpose of knowing and describing the context of rhythmic gymnastics (RG) training centers (TC) in Brazil. This paper discusses the training centers, contextualizing the topic of this study, and configuring its scenario in Brazil. Qualitative research has been used, in order to meet the needs of the study. Data collection was done by non-participant observation, by means of a field journal, as well as by the description of the obtained data. Finally, data discussion was done, showing similarities and differences between the training centers assessed, always approaching the discussion of the physical structure of these places, and aiming, at the end of the discussion, to focus on the usefulness of these centers for the growth and development of the sport.517179Chizzoti, A., A pesquisa qualitativa em ciências humanas e sociais: Evolução e desafios (2003) Revista Portuguesa De Educação, 16 (2), pp. 221-236(2012), http://www.cbginastica.com.br/web/, Brazilian Gymnastics Confederation (CBG), Retrieved June 10, 2012, fromMarconi, M.A., Lakatos, E.V., (2003) Fundamentos De Metodologia Científica, , São Paulo: AtlasSchiavon, L.M., (2009) The Sport Formation of Brazilian Gymnasts Taking Part in Olympic Games, , 1980-2004. Doctoral Dissertation, School of Physical Education State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazi

Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride Application Changes The Protein Composition Of Human Acquired Enamel Pellicle.

We evaluated, by proteomic analysis, whether the chemical changes provoked on enamel by acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) application alter the protein composition of acquired enamel pellicle. Enamel slabs, pretreated with distilled water (negative control), phosphoric acid (active control) or APF solution, were immersed in human saliva for pellicle formation. The adsorbed proteins were extracted and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Fifty-six proteins were identified, 12 exclusive to APF and 11 to phosphoric acid. APF decreased the concentration of histatin-1, but increased the concentration of S100-A9, which is confirmed by immunoblotting. The findings suggest that APF application changes the acquired enamel pellicle composition. Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.47325125