Antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of aerial parts of Coleus spicatus Benth

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Coleus spicatus. Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of C. spicatus was assessed by three different in-vitro model of measuring antioxidant profile; total antioxidant activity, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay and estimation of total flavonoid. Significant total antioxidant activity was found in ethanolic extract of C. spicatus. The IC50 values of the ethanolic extract of C. spicatus and ascorbate were found to be 380 μg/ml and 410 μg/ml, respectively. The ethanolic extract of C. spicatus also showed significant result in FRAP assay method. High flavonoid content was found in ethanolic extract of C. spicatus. The high antioxidant capacity observed for ethanolic extract of C. spicatus suggests that this plant could be used as an additive in the food industry providing good protection against oxidative damage.Key words: Coleus spicatus, total antioxidant activity, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay, totalflavonoids

Violation Of Human Rights - The Woes Of Minority Community In Rohinton Mistry’s Such A Long Journey

The paper showcases the problems faced by the minority community – The Parsis living in a secular country, India. Rohinton Mistry depicts the woes and worries, burdens and troubles experienced by this minority community owing to corruption. When corruption rules, basic human rights and liberties come under threat as corruption affects civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights of a person. The protagonist Gustad’s long journey in a cold and malevolent world in which all forms of happiness and misery are inseparably woven is the journey of an ethnic group on the verge of extinction still fighting for their rights

Literature review of image compression effects on face recognition

In this research work, a literature review is conducted to assess the progress made in the field of image compression effects on the face recognition. The DCT algorithms are considered for the review and their application is limited only to JPEG compression. In this review, progress made in the DCT algorithms of a single image, and a series images from a video, namely 2D DCT and 3D DCT respectively, along with several other algorithms in the application of face recognition are discussed in detail.&nbsp

Postnatal bladder dysfunction

Background: Voiding difficulty and urinary retention is a common phenomenon in immediate postpartum period. Absolute or relative failure to empty the bladder resulting from decreased bladder contractility (magnitude or duration) or increased bladder outlet resistance or both are defined as voiding dysfunction. It needs high index of suspicion or else can go undiagnosed and can lead to magnitude of problems. The study aims to calculate the incidence of dysfunction of bladder in postnatal women and to study risk factors associated with development of bladder dysfunction and management strategies in cases of bladder dysfunction.Methods: Authors did a prospective observational study in a tertiary care hospital. 200 postpartum women were screened for complaints of voiding dysfunction within 6 hours of removal of catheter in post caesarean patients and of normal vaginal delivery. Authors found that the voiding dysfunction was relatively common with an incidence of 20.20%. Following risk factors were analyzed: parity, mode of delivery, pain at suture site, baby weight, para-urethral tear.Results: Postpartum voiding dysfunction was found to be relatively common with statistically significant association found for pain at suture site and para urethral tear. Intra partum events contributed to voiding dysfunction. 93% of patients who with voiding dysfunction could be managed conservatively, and only 7% had to undergo intervention in the form of re catheterization.Conclusions: The early identification and treatment can reduce the pain and discomfort. Majority of the cases resolves with conservative management and nursing staff plays a key role in early detection of the symptoms

The efficiency and efficacy of tranexamic acid in prevention of blood loss during or after caesarean delivery: a comparative study

Background: The practice of caesarean section is increasing day by day. Delivery by caesarean section can cause more complications than normal vaginal delivery and one of the most common complications is primary or secondary postpartum hemorrhage. The aim of present study was to study the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during and after caesarean section.Methods: This study was conducted at Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. It was a prospective randomized double blind placebo controlled study. This study includes 60 pregnant women divided in to two groups. Just before the induction of anesthesia 1 gm of tranexamic acid in 20 ml of normal saline was given over 10 minutes in test group and 20 ml of normal saline was infused in control group.Results: The demographic characters of patients in two groups were comparable. There was no statistically significant difference in the heart rates, respiratory rates and blood pressures in the two groups. There was statistically significant difference in the quantity of the blood loss from during the operation and 2 hours postpartum (p=0.003). Total mean blood loss in control group was 718.80±233.1 ml and in study group was 554.28±207.8 ml. The drop in hemoglobin after caesarean section in study group was not significant where as in control group was significant. There was no significant difference in the prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in the groups, pre and post operatively. In this study the use of tranexamic acid reduced the dose of other uterotonics like syntocin in study group.Conclusions: Tranexamic acid significantly reduced the amount of blood loss during the caesarean section and also reduced the use of other uterotonics. Thus, tranexamic acid can be used safely and effectively in subjects undergoing caesarean section

Evaluation of the oral hypoglycemic activity of methanolic extract of Garcinia indica seeds in streptozotocin induced diabetic Albino rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder with several microvascular and macrovascular complications. Several plants have been used as dietary adjuvants to conventional drug therapy. Garcinia indica exhibits significant hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of methanolic extract of seeds of Garcinia indica on blood glucose levels in Streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats.Methods: Five groups of wistar albino rats (n=6) weighing 150-200g of either sex aged 3-4 months were obtained for the study. After overnight fasting, streptozotocin (50mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to induce diabetes. Five groups are: Group-1: Non diabetic control group, Group-2: diabetic control, Group-3: diabetic standard, Group-4: test group, Group-5: half of test + half of standard. Fasting blood sugar was estimated on 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28th day by capillary blood glucose method. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.Results: In this study, following Streptozotocin administration the blood glucose levels increased in all groups on day 0. In group 2, blood glucose level gradually increased to 445.6±1.75mg/dl over a period of 4 weeks. Following glibenclamide administration in Group 3 - there was a gradual reduction in blood glucose levels: 269.8mg/dl - day 7 to 101.8mg/dl - week 4. Group 4 - persistent and significant (p<0.05) fall in blood glucose levels reaching upto 107mg/dl at the end of 4 weeks. Group 5 - 330mg/dl on day 1 which significantly (p<0.05) reduced to 101mg/dl on day 28. There was improvement in weight in group 4 and group 5 diabetic rats.Conclusions: The extract alone and in combination with glibenclamide showed significant hypoglycemic activity in comparison to diabetic control group

STABILITY-INDICATING REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF METHYLCOBALAMIN, ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID, PYRIDOXINE HCL, AND FOLIC ACID IN BULK AND COMBINED DOSAGE FORM

Objectives: The purpose of the research is to develop a simple, precise, economical, accurate, reproducible, and sensitive method for the estimation of methylcobalamin, alpha-lipoic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and folic acid drug product by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method.Methods: New analytical method was developed for the estimation of methylcobalamin, alpha-lipoic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and folic acid in drug product by RP-HPLC. The chromatographic separation was achieved on the Inertsil C18, 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm at ambient temperature. The separation achieved employing a mobile phase consists of buffer (added 5.05 g hexane-1-sulfonic acid is dissolved into 1000 mL of distilled water):acetonitrile in the ratio of 10:90% v/v. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and UV-visible spectrophotometer at 285 nm. The average retention time for methylcobalamin, alpha-lipoic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and folic acid was found to be 3.5, 6.7, 8.5, and 9.3, respectively.Results: The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. All validation parameters were within the acceptable ranges. The assay methods were found to be linear from 0 to 2130 μg/mL for methylcobalamin, 0 to 142.5 μg/mL for alpha-lipoic acid, 0–4.54 μg/mL for pyridoxine hydrochloride, and 0–2 μg/mL for folic acid. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 for all drugs, respectively. The mean percentage values for the developed method were found to be within the range of 98–100.6%. The developed method was also found to be robust.Conclusion: It is concluded that developed method was accurate, precise, linear, reproducible, robust, and sensitive

Deep Neural Network based Anomaly Detection for Real Time Video Surveillance

One of the main concerns across all kinds of domains has always been security. With the crime rates increasing every year the need to control has become crucial. Among the various methods present to monitor crime or any anomalous behavior is through video surveillance. Nowadays security cameras capture incidents in almost all public and private place if desired. Even though we have abundance of data in the form of videos they need to be analyzed manually. This results in long hours of manual labour and even small human discrepancies may have huge consequences negatively. For this purpose, a Convolution Neural Network (CNN) based model is built to detect any form of abnormal activities or anomalies in the video footages. This model converts the input video into frames and detects the anomalous frames. To increase the efficiency of the model, the data is de-noised with Gaussian blur feature. The avenue dataset is used in this work to detect and predict various kinds of anomalies. The performance of the model is measured using classification accuracy and the results are reported

A Novel Approach to Build Reliable and Efficient Query Services in Cloud with RASP Data Perturbation

Inspired and motivated by the widespread development and deployment of public cloud computing infrastructures, using clouds to host data query services has become an fascinating solution for the advantages on scalability and cost-saving. However, Data owners show reluctance to share the sensitive and confidential data unless the Data integrity is guaranteed. On the other hand, a secured query service should still provide efficient query processing and significantly reduce the in-house workload to fully realize the benefits of cloud computing. We propose the random space perturbation (RASP) data perturbation method to provide secure and efficient range query and kNN query services for protected data in the cloud. The RASP data perturbation method combines order preserving encryption, dimensionality expansion, random noise injection, and random projection, to provide strong resilience to attacks on the perturbed data and queries. It also preserves multidimensional ranges, which allows existing indexing techniques to be applied to speedup range query processing. The kNN-R algorithm is designed to work with the RASP range query algorithm to process the kNN queries. We have carefully analyzed the attacks on data and queries under a precisely defined threat model and realistic security assumptions. Extensive experiments have been conducted to show the advantages of this approach on efficiency and securit

Cost of Ending Hunger – Consequences of Complacency, and Financial Needs for SDG2 Achievement

This study follows from an earlier assessment carried out by ZEF and FAO in 2020, which identified policy actions and investments needed to achieve SDG2 by 2030. The 2020 study used a marginal abatement cost curve (MACC) to identify a mix of best least-cost investment options with the highest potential for reduction in hunger and malnutrition over the decade of 2020 to 2030. In light of recent developments in food insecurity and related drivers, such as inflation and changed contexts, this study now recalculates the investment needs and reevaluates priority interventions to achieve the ambitious target of Zero Hunger. Two different analyses are provided: • “Urgency for 2030” – actions with short-term impactful investments: The study presents a short-term focused Marginal Abatement Cost Curve (MACC) analysis, identifying interventions that can be feasibly invested in to achieve significant hunger reduction by 2030, i.e. mostly transfers. • “Realism with urgency” – investing for ending hunger by 2040 without further delay: The need to prioritize interventions with sustained longer-term impacts jointly with the short-term actions are identified, i.e. a MACC analysis that also considers investments requiring more time to take effect beyond 2030. Most of these interventions interact and complement each other. In order to gain an additional perspective, we use the MIRAGRODEP model to simulate the cost consequences of “lost years”