Nou factor predictiu del càncer prostàtic

Aquest estudi conclou que, en pacients amb biòpsies prostàtiques i amb diagnòstic de neoplàsia intraepitelial prostàtica d'alt grau, l'expressió d'un nou gen, conegut com PTOV1, és un bon factor predictiu de càncer i condicionarà la rebiòpsia immediata.Este estudio concluye que, en pacientes con biopsias prostáticas y diagnóstico de neoplasia intraepitelial prostática de alto grado, la expresión de un nuevo gen, conocido como PTOV1, es un buen factor predictivo de cáncer de próstata y condicionará la rebiopsia inmediata

La càpsula Kurokawa: l'arquitectura càpsula com a resposta davant la crisi habitacional al Japó

Després de la Segona Guerra Mundial, els arquitectes i urbanistes japonesos van haver d’enfrontar-se a un gran repte, trobar noves maneres de composició urbana i d’habitar adaptades a les noves necessitats de l’època, impulsades per la destrucció totalitaria de les ciutats més poblades del país. Japó, a diferència de les terres occidentals, degut a les recurrents catàstrofes naturals i meteorològiques i la seva creença budista, ja havia viscut numeroses vegades destrosses i reconstruït les seves llars i ciutats, tot i així la guerra va ser un cop molt fort per a la seva societat i un punt d’inflexió en la seva arquitectura. Als anys 60 sorgeix un moviment d’arquitectes i urbanistes que pretenen proposar una nova metodologia i filosofia urbana i incentivar un model de societat centrada en l’individu autònom, la mobilitat i la tecnologia d’última generació. Les seves obres es composen de dos elements principals; les megaestructures com a mitjans de comunicació i estructuració de la ciutat, i les càpsules com a unitats funcionals per a les activitats necessàries de l’usuari. Aquest treball pretén analitzar i estudiar el mecanisme futurista de l’arquitectura càpsula el qual sorgeix d’aquest moviment, entre d’altres. La càpsula, aquest mòdul d’habitacle mínim, és freqüentment aplicada en les obres de l’arquitecte metabolista Kisho Kurokawa (1934-2007); això ens dóna peu a profunditzar en les seves obres visualitzant quins mètodes aplica per a aquesta tipologia arquitectònica.Después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, los arquitectos y urbanistas japoneses tuvieron que enfrentarse a un gran reto, encontrar nuevas formas de composición urbana y de habitar adaptadas a las nuevas necesidades de la época, impulsadas por la destrucción totalitaria de las ciudades más pobladas del país. Japón, a diferencia de las tierras occidentales, debido a las recurrentes catástrofes naturales y meteorológicas y su creencia budista, ya había vivido numerosas veces destrozos y reconstruido sus hogares y ciudades, sin embargo la guerra fue un golpe muy fuerte para su sociedad y un punto de inflexión en su arquitectura. En los 60 surge un movimiento de arquitectos y urbanistas que pretenden proponer una nueva metodología y filosofía urbana e incentivar un modelo de sociedad centrada en el individuo autónomo, la movilidad y la tecnología de última generación. Sus obras se componen de dos elementos principales; las megaestructuras como medios de comunicación y estructuración de la ciudad; y las cápsulas como unidades funcionales para las actividades necesarias del usuario. Este trabajo pretende analizar y estudiar el mecanismo futurista de la arquitectura cápsula que surge de este movimiento, entre otros. La cápsula, este módulo de habitáculo mínimo, es frecuentemente aplicada en las obras del arquitecto metabolista Kisho Kurokawa (1934-2007); esto nos da pie a profundizar en sus obras visualizando qué métodos aplica para esta tipología arquitectónica.After WWII, japanese architects and urban planners had to face a great challenge, finding new ways of urban composition and living adapted to the new needs of the time, driven by the total destruction of the most populated cities in the country. Japan, unlike the western lands, due to recurring natural weather disasters and its Buddhist belief, had already lived a few times destruction and th rebuilt of their homes and cities, but still, the war was a very strong blow to its society and a turning point in its architecture. In the 1960s, a movement of architects and urban planners emerged that sought to propose a new methodology and urban philosophy and encourage a model of society centered on the autonomous individual, mobility and the high technology. Their works are composed of two main elements; the megastructures as means of communication and structuring of the city, and the capsules as functional units for the necessary activities of the individuum. This work aims to analyze and study the futuristic mechanism of capsule architecture which arises from this movement, among others. The capsule, this minimal interior module, is frequently applied in the works of the metabolist architect Kisho Kurokawa (1934-2007); this allows us to delve deeper into his works by visualizing which methods he applies for this architectural typology.Award-winnin

Cancer, Senescence, and Aging: Translation from Basic Research to Clinics

2 páginas.Unravelling the molecular basis of malignancy is a challenging process of great priority, as cancer rates are increasing worldwide and because certain cancer types are still incurable. The urgent need for novel treatment modalities based upon recent discoveries at the genetic and epigenetic level necessitates a strong collaboration between researchers and clinicians to work toward a common aim: the control of the carcinogenic process in order to ultimately achieve a 100% cure rate.Peer reviewe

A novel DNA-binding motif in prostate tumor overexpressed-1 (PTOV1) required for the expression of ALDH1A1 and CCNG2 in cancer cells

PTOV1 is a transcription and translation regulator and a promoter of cancer progression. Its overexpression in prostate cancer induces transcription of drug resistance and self-renewal genes, and docetaxel resistance. Here we studied PTOV1 ability to directly activate the transcription of ALDH1A1 and CCNG2 by binding to specific promoter sequences. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays identified a DNA-binding motif inside the PTOV-A domain with similarities to known AT-hooks that specifically interacts with ALDH1A1 and CCNG2 promoters. Mutation of this AT-hook-like sequence significantly decreased the expression of ALDH1A1 and CCNG2 promoted by PTOV1. Immunohistochemistry revealed the association of PTOV1 with mitotic chromosomes in high grade prostate, colon, bladder, and breast carcinomas. Overexpression of PTOV1, ALDH1A1, and CCNG2 significantly correlated with poor prognosis in prostate carcinomas and with shorter relapse-free survival in colon carcinoma. The previously described interaction with translation complexes and its direct binding to ALDH1A1 and CCNG2 promoters found here reveal the PTOV1 capacity to modulate the expression of critical genes at multiple levels in aggressive cancers. Remarkably, the AT-hook motifs in PTOV1 open possibilities for selective targeting its nuclear and/or cytoplasmic activities

Prostate Tumor Overexpressed-1 (PTOV1) promotes docetaxel-resistance and survival of castration resistant prostate cancer cells

Metastatic prostate cancer is presently incurable. The oncogenic protein PTOV1, first described in prostate cancer, was reported as overexpressed and significantly correlated with poor survival in numerous tumors. Here, we investigated the role of PTOV1 in prostate cancer survival to docetaxel and self-renewal ability. Transduction of PTOV1 in docetaxel-sensitive Du145 and PC3 cells significantly increased cell survival after docetaxel exposure and induced docetaxel-resistance genes expression (ABCB1, CCNG2 and TUBB2B). In addition, PTOV1 induced prostatospheres formation and self-renewal genes expression (ALDH1A1, LIN28A, MYC and NANOG). In contrast, Du145 and PC3 cells knockdown for PTOV1 significantly accumulated in the G2/M phase, presented a concomitant increased subG1 peak, and cell death by apoptosis. These effects were enhanced in docetaxel-resistant cells. Analyses of tumor datasets show that PTOV1 expression significantly correlated with prostate tumor grade, drug resistance (CCNG2) and self-renewal (ALDH1A1, MYC) markers. These genes are concurrently overexpressed in most metastatic lesions. Metastases also show PTOV1 genomic amplification in significant co-occurrence with docetaxel-resistance and self-renewal genes. Our findings identify PTOV1 as a promoter of docetaxel-resistance and self-renewal characteristics for castration resistant prostate cancer. The concomitant increased expression of PTOV1, ALDH1A1 and CCNG2 in primary tumors, may predict metastasis and bad prognosis