Efficiency Wages, Unemployment, And Labor Discipline

This paper explores the economic implications of unemployment by appealing to efficiency wage models.  Agency issues in labor markets are first surveyed and discussed, providing the foundation for a detailed analysis and synthesis of two shirking models using uniform language and terminology.  The use of a class-based analysis shows that unemployment disciplines both unemployed and employed labor, and explains the presence of unemployment as an equilibrium phenomenon.  The economic effects of unemployment on wages, employee effort, labor surveillance, and other aspects, such as unemployment duration, are developed and explored

Studies on Latent Feline Leukaemia Virus Infections

The aims of this study were to identify latently infected cats; to determine the prevalence of latent infections in FeLV-positive multicat households and the duration of such infections; to investigate the clinical and epidemiological significance of these infections, in a closed multicat household; and to investigate the mechanisms involved in the control of latency

A study of the relationship between teacher stress and pupil control ideology

Education is a priority in our society. Teacher stress has been identified as a disruptive factor toward productiveness within the classroom. Pupil control ideology has been seen in educational literature as a teacher characteristic affecting individual stress levels of teachers. The purpose of this study was to investigate: the relationship between teachers\u27 pupil control orientation and five factors of teacher stress; the relationship between years of teaching experience and perceived job-induced stress; and the relationship between gender and pupil-control orientation. Data was collected through two questionnaire surveys and an information sheet. Subjects were 72 full-time secondary Catholic school teachers. Analyses of the data indicated that an authoritarian orientation was significantly related to higher scores on three of the five stress factors. No significant relationship existed between gender and pupil control orientation. Years of teaching experience made no significant difference in terms of perceptions of job-induced stress

Neuropharmacology of a slowly adapting type 1 sensory receptor

The role of the Merkel cell-neurite complex in the transduction process in slowly adapting type 1 {SA1) cutaneous mechanoreceptors is unresolved. One hypothesis, based largely on the ultrastrueture of Merkel cell-neurite complexes, suggests that chemosynaptic transmission occurs between the Merkel cell and its subjacent nerve terminal. This idea was investigated by mechanically stimulating SA1 mechanoreceptors exposed to pharmacologically active agents in several experimental preparations; an in vivo rat model, and in vivo feline isolated hind limb perfusion model and a novel isolated rat skin-nerve preparation.After exposure to the calcium channel blockers Mg2+, Cd2+ and verapamil hydrochloride there was a dose dependent decline in the response of the SA1 mechanoreceptors to mechanical stimulation. Given that an influx of Ca2+ ions is required for stimulus-secretion coupling, these results suppo rt the hypothesis of chemosynaptic transmission.Immunohistochemical studies have shown that a metenkephalin-like substance is associated with the dense cored vesicles in rodent Merkel cells. The idea that metenkephalin was the transmitter substance in rat Merkel cell-neurite complexes was tested using the opiate antagonist naloxone and the agonist met-enkephalin in the isolated rat skin-nerve preparation. Met-enkephalin caused a dose dependent decline in the response of the SAl mechanoreceptors to mechanical stimulation. This effect was antagonised by naloxone, indicating the presence of functional opioid receptors in the SAl sensory receptor. However, this result indicates that met-enkephalin is not the excitatory transmitter substance in rat Merkel cellneurite complexes, though it does have a modulatory role.The results presented in this thesis support the hypothesis that chemosynaptic transmission is involved in the transduction process in the Merkel cell-neurite complex

Multi-objective scheduling of Scientific Workflows in multisite clouds

Clouds appear as appropriate infrastructures for executing Scientific Workflows (SWfs). A cloud is typically made of several sites (or data centers), each with its own resources and data. Thus, it becomes important to be able to execute some SWfs at more than one cloud site because of the geographical distribution of data or available resources among different cloud sites. Therefore, a major problem is how to execute a SWf in a multisite cloud, while reducing execution time and monetary costs. In this paper, we propose a general solution based on multi-objective scheduling in order to execute SWfs in a multisite cloud. The solution consists of a multi-objective cost model including execution time and monetary costs, a Single Site Virtual Machine (VM) Provisioning approach (SSVP) and ActGreedy, a multisite scheduling approach. We present an experimental evaluation, based on the execution of the SciEvol SWf in Microsoft Azure cloud. The results reveal that our scheduling approach significantly outperforms two adapted baseline algorithms (which we propose by adapting two existing algorithms) and the scheduling time is reasonable compared with genetic and brute-force algorithms. The results also show that our cost model is accurate and that SSVP can generate better VM provisioning plans compared with an existing approach.Work partially funded by EU H2020 Programme and MCTI/RNP-Brazil (HPC4E grant agreement number 689772), CNPq, FAPERJ, and INRIA (MUSIC project), Microsoft (ZcloudFlow project) and performed in the context of the Computational Biology Institute (www.ibc-montpellier.fr). We would like to thank Kary Ocaña for her help in modeling and executing the SciEvol SWf.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

A simple device for syringe-to-syringe transfer during lipofilling

[No abstract available