Farmacêutico bioquímico: uma abordagem voltada para o TSH e doenças da tireoide

Hormones are chemical messengers, synthesized and stored in the endocrine glands and acting through the bloodstream. Have roles in cell growth, and tissue metabolic regulation. Among the most important are hormones the thyroid because they control the energy consumption of the system. Thus, the TSH hormone has great importance because it stimulates the thyroid functionality, which, when unregulated, can cause serious pathologies such as hyper or hypothyroidism. In this way, knowing the synthesis and regulation of these hormones, as the symptoms and treatment of pathologies related to the same is of extreme importance to health care professionals, such as pharmacists. In addition, specifically, for these professionals is also necessary to know the relationship of the pathologies presented with their diagnosis and the medications used for the treatment and control, knowing their active ingredients and their modes of action, making this a multidisciplinary professional, as required and requested in the current job market. Thus, the present work has as its main objective to highlight the role of the pharmaceutical biochemist, relating the TSH with the action of thyroid gland, describing the main symptoms and diagnoses of diseases related to the hormones produced by the same, so how drugs are used, their active principles and modes of action.Hormônios atuam como mensageiros químicos, sintetizados e armazenados nas glândulas endócrinas e agindo na corrente sanguínea. Possuem funções especificas no crescimento celular, tissular e na regulação metabólica. Entre os mais importantes estão os produzidos pela tireoide, pois controlam o consumo energético do organismo. Nesse contexto o hormônio TSH é de suma importância, pois sua produção estimula a funcionalidade da tireoide. Funcionalidade essa que, quando desregulada, pode causar patologias sérias como o hiper ou hipotireoidismo. Assim, conhecer o processo de síntese e regulação desses hormônios, como os sintomas e tratamentos das patologias relacionadas aos mesmos é de extrema importância para profissionais da saúde como os farmacêuticos. Além disso, para esses profissionais é necessário também a relação dos problemas apresentados com seus diagnósticos e os medicamentos utilizados, conhecendo seus princípios ativos e seus modos de ação, tornando-se dessa forma, um profissional multidisciplinar, tão necessário e requisitado no mercado de trabalho atual. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal destacar o papel do farmacêutico bioquímico, relacionando o TSH com a atuação da glândula tireoide, descrevendo os principais sintomas e diagnósticos de doenças relacionadas aos hormônios produzidos pela mesma, assim como os medicamentos utilizados, seus princípios ativos e modos de ação

Microbiological testing in the pharmaceutical industry

Os testes de caráter microbiológico na área farmacêutica são realizados para quantificar os microrganismos em uma determinada amostra, assim como para identificá-los. Foi empregada a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica utilizando bases de dados como os Periódicos Capes, Scielo e Elsevier. A adoção de procedimentos corretos na realização dos testes microbiológicos, assim como o monitoramento dessas amostragens, contribuem para a produção e a manipulação de medicamentos em exercício com um rigoroso controle de qualidade. É uma atividade que pode ser empreendida por um profissional farmacêutico legalmente habilitado. Assim, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi descrever em detalhes os principais métodos utilizados na detecção e identificação de microrganismos relacionados ao setor farmacêutico.Microbiological character tests in the pharmaceutical area is conducted to quantify the micro-organisms in a given sample, as well as identify the same. Was employed the methodology of literature review using databases like Capes, Scielo journals and Elsevier. The adoption of correct procedures in realization of microbiological testing, as well as the monitoring of them contribute to the production and handling of medicines in exercise with a strict quality control. Is an activity that can be undertaken by a professional pharmacist legally enabled. Thus, the main objective of this work was to describe in detail the main methods used in detection and identification of microorganisms related to the pharmaceutical industry

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)