Prevalence of autoimmune disorders among bladder pain syndrome patients' relatives

Purpose Possible genetic background and autoimmune etiology of Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS, formerly Interstitial Cystitis, IC) has been suggested. We studied whether familial clustering of BPS, other autoimmune diseases or fibromyalgia exist among BPS patients' genetically close relatives; possibly reflecting some common predisposing genetic background of these diseases. Materials and methods Altogether 420 first- or second-degree relatives of 94 BPS patients fulfilling the NIDDK criteria were asked to fill in a survey on the self-reported diagnosis of urinary tract diseases, fibromyalgia and 23 autoimmune diseases, together with filling the O'Leary-Sant symptom score. The ones with high symptom scores were interviewed and, if necessary, referred to a further clinical consultation. The prevalence of other diseases was compared to previously published prevalence percentages. Results 334 (80%) of 420 family members returned the questionnaire. Only one of the relatives fulfilled the NIDDK criteria, and one sibling pair among the original BPS patients was found. Asthma, ulcerative colitis, fibromyalgia, iritis and rheumatoid arthritis were more common in the study population than in the reference populations. The reported prevalence of atopic dermatitis and rhinoconjunctivitis causing allergies were lower. In addition, the results show that the O'Leary-Sant symptom score is not reliable in screening for new BPS cases. Conclusions Our study suggests that in BPS patients' families, fibromyalgia and autoimmune diseases including asthma, and especially the non-allergic form of asthma, may be over-represented.Peer reviewe

Asiakkaat oppimisen käynnistäjinä : Raportti BIKVA-arviointimenetelmän oppimisen kehistä

Raportti on tarkoitettu käytettäväksi FinSoc Arviointiraportin 1/2004 "Asiakaslähtöinen arviointi : Bikva-malli" kanssa, tekijä Hanne Katrine Krogstrup (49562)Pdf ISBN 978-951-33-1939-7, ISSN 1795-821

Functional results after orthotopic bladder substitution: A prospective multicentre study comparing four types of neobladder

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate enterocystometry, voiding pattern and urine leakage of four types of orthotopic bladder substitute. Material and methods. At eight urological departments, 78 consecutive men were studied: 66 with an ileal neobladder [30 Studer pouches (S), 24 Hautmann pouches (H) and 12 T-pouches (T)] and 12 with a right colonic [Goldwasser type (G)] neobladder. Enterocystometry, determination of residual urine, micturition protocol and 24 h pad weight test were performed 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Results. Colonic neobladders had higher pouch pressure at first desire, normal desire and strong desire than ileal neobladders (except at first and normal desire at 12 months) (p < 0.02) and contraction was present more often at both 6 and 12 months (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01). Compliance was good in all types of pouch. Intermittent self-catheterization was more common in H patients at 6 months (p = 0.033). All patients with colonic neobladders used pads during the day and night. In patients with ileal pouches 32% used pads during the day and 70% during the night at 12 months. Urine leakage was higher in patients with colonic bladders at 6 and 12 months during the day (mean/median of 98/31 ml and 82/16 ml versus 10/0 ml and 4/0 ml, p < 0.001). T-pouches had excellent day-time continence, but nocturnal leakage was high. Conclusions. The Hautmann pouch and the Studer pouch behaved similarly at enterocystometry and clinically, and continence was good in the majority of patients. The low number of patients with the other two types of pouch precludes definitive statements

Diverse and active archaea communities occur in non-disinfected drinking water systems-Less activity revealed in disinfected and hot water systems

The knowledge about the members of active archaea communities in DWDS is limited. The current understanding is based on high-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA gene (DNA-based) amplicon sequencing that reveals the diversity of active, dormant, and dead members of the prokaryote (bacteria, archaea) communities. The sequencing primers optimized for bacteria community analysis may underestimate the share of the archaea community. This study characterized archaea communities at five full-scale drinking water distribution systems (DWDS), representing a variety of drinking water production units (A-E); A&B use artificially recharged non-disinfected groundwater (ARG), the other DWDS's supplied water disinfected by using ultraviolet (UV) light and chlorine compounds, C&D were surface waterworks and E was a ground waterworks. For the first time for archaea community analyses, this study employed the archaea-specific high-throughput sequencing primers for 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) as a target (reverse-transcribed cDNA; an RNA-based approach) in addition to the previously used 16S rRNA gene target (rDNA; a DNA-based approach) to reveal the active fraction of the archaea present in DWDS. The archaea community structure in varying environmental conditions in the water and biofilm of the five DWDSs were investigated by taking into consideration the system properties (cold or hot water system) and water age (distance from the treatment plants) in samples from each season of one year. The RNA-based archaea amplicon reads were obtained mostly from cold water samples from DWDSs (A-B) distributing water without disinfection where the DNA-based and RNA-based analysis created separate clusters in a weighted beta-diversity analysis. The season and location in DWDS A further affected the diversity of these archaea communities as was seen by different clusters in beta-diversity plots. The recovery of archaea reads was not adequate for analysis in any of the disinfected samples in DWDSs C-E or non-disinfected hot water in DWDSs A-B when utilizing RNA-based template. The metabolically active archaea community of DWDSs thus seemed to be effectively controlled by disinfection of water and in the hot water systems by the temperature. All biofilms regardless of DWDS showed lower species richness values (mainly Nitrososphaeria class) than non-disinfected water from DWDSs A-B where several archaea classes occurred (e.g. Woesearchaeia, Nitrososphaeria, Micrarchaeia, Methanomicrobia, Iairchaeia, Bathyarchaeia) indicating only part of the archaea members were able to survive in biofilms. Thus, Archaea has been shown as a significant part of normal DWDS biota, and their role especially in non-disinfected DWDS may be more important than previously considered. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

The rationale behind recommendations for follow-up after urinary diversion: An evidence-based approach

To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Link fieldThis Article does not have an abstrac