Mitochondrial DNA variability in spanish sheep breeds

Mitochondrial DNA variability was studied in indigenous Iberian sheep and results analysed for each of the four morphological trunks. Three maternal lineages, B, A and C were identified. Mean nucleotide diversity for each of the ovine groups was estimated, showing a lower value for the churro trunk, intermediate values for entrefino and merino trunks, while the iberian group had the greatest mitochondrial diversity. Within the churro trunk all mitochondrial DNA sequences belonged to haplogroup B, also known as European type, and among churro breeds Latxa sheep showed the lowest diversity of all Iberian sheep analysed. A few animals of the entrefino trunk showed a maternal A, or Asiatic, lineage, namely Spanish Manchega and Portuguese Serra da Estrela sheep. In the merino group Merino Branco breed showed differences with the rest of sheep, particularly much greater nucleotide diversity and the presence of animals of maternal lineage A. On the other hand, moderate diversity was evident among the rest of merino populations, as it was the case of Spanish pure Merino for which all animals belonged to maternal lineage B. Finally, the iberian trunk showed the highest mean nucleotide diversity and in this group maternal lineage C was identified. The presence of this mitochondrial DNA type was evident in both breeds corresponding to this trunk: Montesina and Ojalada. This result is of particular relevance since this maternal lineage has been discovered quite recently and mainly in Asiatic ovines.Se estudió la variabilidad en el DNA mitocondrial en distintas razas ovinas ibéricas y los resultados obtenidos se analizaron para cada uno los cuatro troncos etnológicos. Se identificaron los tres linajes maternos conocidos como B, A y C. La diversidad nucleotídica promedio estimada para cada uno de los grupos ovinos fue menor para el tronco churro, intermedia para los grupos entrefino y merino, mientras que el tronco ibérico mostró la mayor diversidad mitocondrial. En el tronco churro todas las secuencias de DNA mitocondrial correspondieron al haplogrupo B, también denominado europeo, y entre sus razas la Latxa fue la de menor diversidad de todos las razas Ibéricas analizadas. En el tronco entrefino se identificaron unos pocos animales del linaje materno A, o asiático, en concreto en la raza española Manchega y en la portuguesa Serra da Estrela. En la agrupación merina se encontraron diferencias entre la raza Merino Branco y el resto, mostrando la primera una diversidad nucleotídica muy superior, así como la presencia de algunos animales del linaje A. Por el contrario, en el resto de las poblaciones merinas, entre ellas el Merino puro español, se detectó una variabilidad moderada y sus animales pertenecían en todos los casos al linaje materno B. Finalmente, el tronco ibérico presentó el valor promedio más elevado de diversidad nucleotídica y en esta agrupación ovina se identificó el linaje materno C. La presencia de este tipo de DNA mitocondrial fue puesta de manifiesto en ambas razas representantes de este tronco, Montesina y Ojalada. Este resultado es de particular relevancia dado que este linaje materno ha sido descubierto no hace mucho tiempo y fundamentalmente en ovinos asiáticos

THE SLOW CORONARY FLOW PHENOMENON IS NOT A GOOD PREDICTOR OF CORONARY MICROCIRCULATORY DYSFUNCTION AS ASSESSED BY ABSOLUTE CORONARY FLOW RESERVE IN PATIENTS WITH ANGIOGRAPHICALLY NORMAL CORONARY ARTERIES

The slow coronary flow phenomenon is not a good predictor of coronary microcirculatory dysfunction as assessed by absolute CFR. It might reflect, however, only a resting microcirculatory abnormality and probably remains a multifactorial phenomenon

Culture strategies for redclaw, Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868) (Decapoda: Parastacidae) and silver perch, Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell, 1838) (Perciformes: Teraponidae) : natural foods and artificial shelters

The demand for fish meal in aquaculture is an expensive part of aquaculture operations and this has generated interest in alternate food sources and use of natural live food. Use of traditional live food such as microalgae and zooplankton in aquaculture is reviewed. The current taxonomy of the redclaw Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868), silver perch Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell, 1838), and the oligochaetes; Aulophorus sp. (Schmarda, 1861), Branchiura sowerbyi (Beddard, 1892), Tubifex tubifex (Muller, 1774) and the terrestial worm Dendrodrilus rubidus (Savigny, 1826) was elucidated. Culture requirements for worm species and the nutritional and culture requirements for the aquaculture target species were determined as follows: The best substrate for mass production of Aulophorus was 100% cowdung, at a water temperature of 15°C. There was a significant correlation between oxygen concentration and reproduction in Aulophorus sp. with production levels of 3194.5 mg of T. tubifex per cm2 reached within 60 days and 4242.5 mg per cm2 of B. sowerbyi. Both were cultured in a mixture of 75% cowdung, 20% fine sand and 5% mud. An alternate substrate/food (ground peanut/shell, wheat pollard, rolled oats and lucerne pellets) was utilised for the mass propagation of T. tubifex and B. sowerbyi. Production of 2352 mg T. tubifex per cm2 and 2339.34 mg per cm2 of B. sowerbyi was obtained after 60 days. The population density was significantly influenced by substrate type, with highest population densities in the cowdung based substrate. Experimental culture of the terrestial worm D. rubidus was also carried out. Percentage increase in number and mean weight increase of the inoculated worms after a month was 532.2% and 0.50 g and an average of 2797 juveniles weighing 839.1 g was collected from each culture container after four weeks. Trials of oligochaete species as food for C. quadricarinatus juveniles, were conducted, single species and combinations of worm species being used. The nutritive values of T. tubifex and B. sowerbyi, for redclaw stocks from the Gregory, Mitchell, Gilbert, Flinders and Leichhardt river systems of North Queensland were compared with a commercial pellet (Aquafeed) as a reference diet and a lucerne pellet. The nutritive values of Aulophorus sp. and Dendrodrilus rubidus were compared with Aquafeed. Digestibility experiments were performed using Aulophorus sp. and B. sowerbyi

An investigation on the coking properties of a Mexican coal

Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mining Engineering and Metallurgy, 1901.by Salvador S. Madero and Alberto Primitivo Gonzalez.B.S

Escherichia coli endophthalmitis after trans-scleral resection of uveal melanoma.

PURPOSE: To report a case of Escherichia coli endophthalmitis after trans-scleral resection of an uveal melanoma. METHODS: A large ciliary body melanoma was treated by trans-scleral resection and full-thickness sclerectomy because of epibulbar tumor extrusion, followed by adjuvant ruthenium plaque therapy. RESULTS: Two months after treatment the patient developed wound dehiscence and consecutive endophthalmitis. Cultures of the involved sclera yielded Escherichia coil. The infection resolved after systemic intravenous ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone, with aggressive topical ciprofloxacin and tobramycin. Final visual acuity was light perception. CONCLUSIONS: We assume that the ruthenium plaque placed over the scleral patch was responsible for the delay in scleral healing, with consequent wound dehiscence and E. coli endophthalmitis

Effects of Water Regime, Genotype, and Formative Stages on the Agro-Physiological Response of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) to Drought

Drought during the formative stages of a plant’s growth triggers a sequence of responses to maintain optimal growing conditions, but often at the expense of crop productivity. Two field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of drought on 10 high-yielding sugarcane genotypes at two formative stages (the tillering stage (TS) and stalk elongation (SS)), within 30 days after treatment imposition. The experiments followed a split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three replicates per genotype. Agro-physiological responses to drought were observed to compare the differences in the response of sugarcane during the two formative stages. Drought significantly reduced total chlorophyll content (Chl) and stomatal conductance (Gs) for both formative stages, while significantly increasing total scavenging activity (AOA) and electrolyte leakage (EC). A higher level of Chl was observed in the stalk elongation stage compared to the tillering stage; however, lower AOA coupled with higher EC in the stalk elongation stage suggests higher drought susceptibility. Pearson\u27s correlation analysis revealed a stronger correlation between plant height, internode length, Chl, AOA, EC, and Gs at the tillering stage relative to the stalk elongation stage. Moreover, results from the multivariate analysis indicate the different contribution values of each parameter, supplementing the hypothesized difference in response between the two formative stages. Multivariate analysis clustered the 10 genotypes into groups based on the traits evaluated, suggesting the ability of these traits to detect differences in a sample population. The observed relationship among traits during the two formative stages of sugarcane will be significant in screening and identifying drought-susceptible and drought-tolerant genotypes for variety development studies