Los servicios de referencia a través del correo electrónico en la biblioteca pública

Although more and more libraries are offering electronic mail reference services, little information about these services has been reported. We conducted and exploratory survey to examine public library e-mail reference services and the patrons who use them. Data collection techniques included a questionnaire mailed to participating libraries and a Web-based questionnaire completed by library patrons. Data gathered included: (1) information on the provision and administration of e-mail reference services provided by public libraries across the United States; (2) characteristics of public library email reference patrons and their satisfaction with the service they received; and (3) classification of email reference questions received by public libraries. Characteristics of the e-mail reference services varied considerably, but the patrons, citing ease and convenience as the major reasons for using such services, were mostly satisfied with what they received

HIV Protease Inhibitors: Advances in Therapy and Adverse Reactions, Including Metabolic Complications

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90068/1/phco.19.4.281.30937.pd

Mycobacterium avium complex immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Long term outcomes

Abstract Background To describe long term outcomes of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Methods Cases of MAC IRIS were retrospectively identified at four HIV clinics (Michigan, Maryland, Rhode Island, and Indiana) from 1996–2004. Patients were included if they were initially diagnosed with AIDS and found to have evidence of focal MAC infection documented by tissue culture or PCR after initiating HAART, and at least 6 months of follow up. Results Among the 20 patients included, the mean age was 40 years, mean CD4 cell count was 24/mm3 at pretreatment baseline and 100/mm3 at time of MAC IRIS diagnosis. Sites of disease included lymph nodes (15 patients [8 peripheral, 8 abdominal and 1 peripheral and abdominal]), gastrointestinal tract (7) and liver (3). Sixteen patients (80%) responded to treatment and were disease free after a mean of 17.4 months of therapy for MAC IRIS; IRIS therapy was withdrawn in 6 without relapse. Four patients (non-responder group) had persistent or relapsing disease despite 27 months of ongoing MAC IRIS treatment. At the time of resolution or last follow-up, the mean CD4 cell count and viral load was 143/mm3 and 7,000 c/mL for responders, and 65/mm3 and 17,000 c/mL for non-responders, respectively. Most patients with peripheral adenopathy were responders (7/8; 88%); many with abdominal adenopathy (4/8; 50%) were nonresponders. Conclusion The majority of patients with MAC IRIS eventually responded to treatment. Our sample size was not adequate to perform statistical analysis, but there was a tendency towards adequate CD4 response to HAART and peripheral rather than intraabdominal adenopathy among responders.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112767/1/12967_2007_Article_210.pd

Investigation of thermal and magnetic properties of defects in a spin-gap compound NaV2O5

The specific heat, magnetic susceptibility and ESR signals of a Na-deficient vanadate Na_xV_2O_5 (x=1.00 - 0.90) were studied in the temperature range 0.07 - 10 K, well below the transition point to a spin-gap state. The contribution of defects provided by sodium vacancies to the specific heat was observed. It has a low temperature part which does not tend to zero till at least 0.3 K and a high temperature power-like tail appears above 2 K. Such dependence may correspond to the existence of local modes and correlations between defects in V-O layers. The magnetic measurements and ESR data reveal S=1/2 degrees of freedom for the defects, with their effective number increasing in temperature and under magnetic field. The latter results in the nonsaturating magnetization at low temperature. No long-range magnetic ordering in the system of defects was found. A model for the defects based on electron jumps near vacancies is proposed to explain the observed effects. The concept of a frustrated two-dimensional correlated magnet induced by the defects is considered to be responsible for the absence of magnetic ordering.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure

The Inter-organizational Business Case in ES Implementations: Exploring the Impact of Coordination Structures and Their Properties

Developing the business case (BC) for an inter-organizational network is a major challenge. Factors like competition and differences in semantics between actors influence the stakeholders’ willingness to share information necessary for the BC development. In this paper we develop an exploratory framework showing the effect that coordination structure and project scope have on the development of a shared BC. We defined several coordination properties, such as competition, decision making location and decision power that mitigate this effect. We applied the framework in a case study where a BC is developed for an inter-organizational network. Our findings show that current BC development methods need to be re-stated and complemented by extra tools and interventions to support stakeholders in the inter-organizational specific setting

Multiple Front Propagation Into Unstable States

The dynamics of transient patterns formed by front propagation in extended nonequilibrium systems is considered. Under certain circumstances, the state left behind a front propagating into an unstable homogeneous state can be an unstable periodic pattern. It is found by a numerical solution of a model of the Fr\'eedericksz transition in nematic liquid crystals that the mechanism of decay of such periodic unstable states is the propagation of a second front which replaces the unstable pattern by a another unstable periodic state with larger wavelength. The speed of this second front and the periodicity of the new state are analytically calculated with a generalization of the marginal stability formalism suited to the study of front propagation into periodic unstable states. PACS: 47.20.Ky, 03.40.Kf, 47.54.+rComment: 12 page

Distribution of DHPS Mutations Among ITS Subtypes of P. carinii f. sp. hominis

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/92387/1/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00481.x.pd

Sulfa Use, Dihydropteroate Synthase Mutations, and Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia

Meta-analysis shows increased risk for DHPS mutations in patients exposed to sulfa prophylaxis for PCP, but clinical relevance of mutations is not known