Les tumeurs rénales hybrides oncocytome / chromophobe (caractéristiques clinicopathologiques et genomiques d'une série de 13 cas)

Les tumeurs hybrides oncocytome/chromophobe (THOC) sont des tumeurs rénales de description récente montrant des caractéristiques morphologiques hybrides entre l oncocytome rénal (OR) et le carcinome chromophobe (CChr). Leur nature précise reste à ce jour indéterminée. Décrire les caractéristiques clinico-pathologiques des THOC et déterminer leur profil génomique.583 tumeurs rénales appartenant au groupe OR/CChr collectées entre 2000 et 2010 et provenant de 5 centres ont été revues de façon rétrospective. Une analyse histologique standard était réalisée, associée à une coloration de Hale et une immunohistochimie cytokératine 7 (CK7) dans les cas de diagnostic difficile entre OR et CChr. Au final, 13 tumeurs inclassables étaient considérées comme THOC. L analyse génomique était effectuée par array-CGH à partir de l ADN extrait sur prélèvement congelé. L âge moyen au diagnostic était de 68 ans. La taille tumorale moyenne était de 2,5 cm. Aucun des patients n a présenté de récidive. Sur le plan histologique, les THOC montraient soit des territoires intriqués de cellules d aspect oncocytaire et chromophobe, soit des cellules d aspect hybride. La coloration de Hale était apicale dans 50 à 100% des cellules, et la CK7 était exprimée dans 10 à 100% des cellules. Le profil génomique était équilibré dans 7 cas, et montrait un nombre limité de pertes ou gains chromosomiques dans les autres tumeurs. Dans aucun cas les pertes chromosomiques caractéristiques du CChr n étaient retrouvées. Ces données suggèrent que les THOC n ont pas de lien avec le CChr, et que ces tumeurs pourraient représenter un variant d ORPARIS6-Bibl.Pitié-Salpêtrie (751132101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Hepatocellular carcinoma arising in adenoma: similar immunohistochemical and cytogenetic features in adenoma and hepatocellular carcinoma portions of the tumor

Well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma in non-cirrhotic liver can show morphological features similar to hepatocellular adenoma. In rare instances, hepatocellular carcinoma can arise in the setting of hepatocellular adenoma. This study compares the immunohistochemical and cytogenetic features of the hepatocellular adenoma-like and hepatocellular carcinoma portions of these tumors. Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin, glutamine synthetase, serum amyloid A protein, glypican-3, and heat-shock protein 70 was done in 11 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma arising in hepatocellular adenoma in non-cirrhotic liver. Tumors with nuclear β-catenin and/or diffuse glutamine synthetase were considered β-catenin activated. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was done in nine cases for gains of chromosomes 1, 8 and MYC. There were seven men (33-75 years) and four women (29-65 years). Focal atypical morphological features were seen in hepatocellular adenoma-like areas in 7 (64%) cases. Hepatocellular adenoma-like areas showed features of inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma in 7 (64%) cases; 4 of these were also serum amyloid A-positive in the hepatocellular carcinoma portion. β-Catenin activation, heat-shock protein 70 positivity, and chromosomal gains on FISH were seen in the hepatocellular adenoma portion in 55%, 40%, and 56% of cases, and 73%, 60%, and 78% of cases in the hepatocellular carcinoma portion, respectively. In conclusion, the hepatocellular adenoma-like portion of most cases of hepatocellular carcinoma arising in hepatocellular adenoma shows features typically seen in hepatocellular carcinoma such as focal morphological abnormalities, β-catenin activation, heat-shock protein 70 expression, and chromosomal gains. Hepatocellular adenoma-like areas in these tumors, especially in men and older women, may represent an extremely well-differentiated variant of hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas the morphologically recognizable hepatocellular carcinoma portion represents a relatively higher grade component of the tumor

High contamination in the areas surrounding abandoned mines and mining activities: An impact assessment of the Dilala, Luilu and Mpingiri Rivers, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Abandoned mines and mining activities constitute important sources of toxic metals and Rare Earth Elements (REEs) affecting surrounding environmental compartments and biota. This study investigates the contamination degree and distribution of toxic metals and REEs in contrasting sediment, soil and plant samples surrounding rivers in the African copperbelt area characterized by the presence of numerous abandoned mines, artisanal and industrial mining activities. ICP-MS results highlighted the highest concentration of Cu, Co and Pb in sediments reaching values of 146,801, 18,434 and 899 mg kg−1, respectively. In soil, the values of 175,859, 21,134 and 1164 mg kg−1 were found for Cu, Co and Pb, respectively. These values are much higher than the sediment guidelines for the protection of aquatic life and international soil clean-up standards. Enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index results indicated important contribution of mining activities to the study sites pollution in addition to natural background. Highest metal accumulation in leaves of Phalaris arundinacea L., was observed, reaching values of 34,061, 5050 and 230 mg kg−1 for Cu, Co, and Pb, respectively. The ∑REE concentration reached values of 2306, 733, 2796 mg kg−1 in sediment, soil and plant samples, respectively. The above results were combined with geographical information including satellite imagery, hydrography and mining concessions. Maps were produced to presented the results in a comprehensive and compelling visual format. The results will be disseminated through an innovative mapping online platform to simplify access to data and to facilitate dialogue between stakeholders

Mod Pathol

Borderline hepatocellular adenomas (BL-HCA) are characterized by focal architectural/cytologic atypia and reticulin loss, features that are insufficient for a definitive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The diagnosis and management of BL-HCA are challenging as their biological behavior, especially in terms of malignant potential, is still debated. We aimed to compare the clinicopathologic and molecular features of BL-HCA with those of typical HCA (T-HCA), HCA with malignant transformation (HCC on HCA), and HCC to assess the risk of malignancy. One hundred six liver resection specimens were retrospectively selected from 2 reference centers, including 39 BL-HCA, 42 T-HCA, 12 HCC on HCA, and 13 HCC specimens. Somatic mutations, including TERT promoter mutations associated with HCA malignant transformation and the gene expression levels of 96 genes, were investigated in 93 frozen samples. Additionally, TERT promoter mutations were investigated in 44 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples. The clinical features of patients with BL-HCA were similar to those of patients with T-HCA, patients being mainly women (69%) with a median age of 37 years. The median tumor size was 7.5 cm, 64% of patients had a single nodule, and no recurrence was observed. Compared with T-HCA, BL-HCA was significantly enriched in β-catenin-mutated HCA in exon 3 (41% vs 6%; P < .001). Unsupervised statistical analysis based on gene expression showed that BL-HCA overlapped with T-HCA and HCC on HCA, favoring a molecular continuum of the tumors. TERT promoter mutations were observed only in HCC on HCA (42%) and in HCC (38%). In conclusion, these results suggest that despite their worrisome morphologic features, the clinicopathologic and molecular features of BL-HCA are much closer to those of T-HCA than those of HCC on HCA or HCC. This strongly supports the usefulness of combining morphologic and molecular analyses in a practical diagnostic approach for guiding the management of BL-HCA