737 research outputs found
Intrinsic expansions for averaged diffusion processes
We show that the rate of convergence of asymptotic expansions for solutions
of SDEs is generally higher in the case of degenerate (or partial) diffusion
compared to the elliptic case, i.e. it is higher when the Brownian motion
directly acts only on some components of the diffusion. In the scalar case,
this phenomenon was already observed in (Gobet and Miri 2014) using Malliavin
calculus techniques. In this paper, we provide a general and detailed analysis
by employing the recent study of intrinsic functional spaces related to
hypoelliptic Kolmogorov operators in (Pagliarani et al. 2016). Relevant
applications to finance are discussed, in particular in the study of
path-dependent derivatives (e.g. Asian options) and in models incorporating
dependence on past information
Exponential stability of the wave equation with memory and time delay
We study the asymptotic behaviour of the wave equation with viscoelastic
damping in presence of a time-delayed damping. We prove exponential stability
if the amplitude of the time delay term is small enough
Development of a digital tool to overcome the challenges of rural food SMEs
It has been recognised that throughout the UK, rural economies have a significant potential for growth but despite the potential for growth, many rural businesses face barriers that prohibit their expansion. In this study, we focus on one particular group of rural small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): food and drink producers. Through user engagement activities, we identify the issues and needs associated with distributing products to the market, in order to understand the main issues which prevent rural food and drink SMEs from expansion, and to establish the requirements for a digital solution to this challenge
tert-Butyl 2-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-2-methylpropanoate
The title compound, C15H19ClO3, is bent with a dihedral angle of 72.02 (9)° between the mean planes of the benzene ring and a group encompassing the ester functionality (O=C—O—C). In the crystal, molecules related by inversion symmetry are connected by weak C—H⋯O interactions into infinite chains. These interactions involve H atoms from a methyl group of the dimethyl residue and the O atoms of the ketone on one side of a molecule; on the other side there are interactions between H atoms of the benzene ring and the carbonyl O atoms of the ester functionality. There are no directional interactions between the chains
Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Prevalent Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Background & Aims Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients alter their dietary behaviors to reduce disease-related symptoms, avoid feared food triggers, and control inflammation. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), evaluate risk factors, and examine the association with risk of malnutrition in patients with IBD. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited adult patients with IBD from an ambulatory clinic. ARFID risk was measured using the Nine-Item ARFID Screen. Nutritional risk was measured with the Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between clinical characteristics and a positive ARFID risk screen. Patient demographics, disease characteristics, and medical history were abstracted from medical records. Results Of the 161 participants (Crohn’s disease, 45.3%; ulcerative colitis, 51.6%; IBD-unclassified, 3.1%), 28 (17%) had a positive ARFID risk score (≥24). Most participants (92%) reported avoiding 1 or more foods while having active symptoms, and 74% continued to avoid 1 or more foods even in the absence of symptoms. Active symptoms (odds ratio, 5.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.91–15.01) and inflammation (odds ratio, 3.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–10.29) were significantly associated with positive ARFID risk. Patients with a positive ARFID risk screen were significantly more likely to be at risk for malnutrition (60.7% vs 15.8%; P \u3c .01). Conclusions Avoidant eating behaviors are common in IBD patients, even when in clinical remission. Patients who exhibit active symptoms and/or inflammation should be screened for ARFID risk, with referrals to registered dietitians to help monitor and address disordered eating behaviors and malnutrition risk
tert-Butyl 2-benzoyl-2-methylpropanoate
The title compound, C15H20O3, is bent with a dihedral angle of 67.28 (9)° between the mean planes of the phenyl ring and a group encompassing the ester functionality (O=C—O—C). In the crystal, molecules related by inversion symmetry are connected by weak C—H⋯O interactions into infinite chains. On one side of the molecule there are two adjacent interactions between neighbouring molecules involving the H atoms of methyl groups from the dimethyl groups and the O atoms of the ketone; on the other side, there are also two interactions to another adjacent molecule involving the H atoms on the phenyl rings and the carbonyl O atoms of the ester functionality
Aspiration of parenteral nutrition – a previously unreported complication of central venous access in an infant: a case report
Introduction: The insertion of percutaneous central venous catheters is a common procedure in neonatal intensive care nurseries. Placement of the catheter tip in a large central vein is most desirable. Occasionally, due to difficult venous access, catheter tips are left in places that are less than ideal. Case presentation: A female infant with a complicated gastroschisis developed signs of short bowel syndrome post surgery. She was treated with a combination of parenteral nutrition and enteral feeds. A central venous line was inserted through a scalp vein. The tip was noted to be in a vessel at the level of the mandible. She subsequently became unwell with large milky pharyngeal aspirates and episodes of bradycardia. Chest radiography revealed aspiration. The central venous line was removed because of presumed extravasation. This is the first reported case of parenteral nutrition extravasation into the pharynx causing aspiration in an infant. Conclusion: This complication may have been prevented by recognising that the tip of the catheter was not correctly placed. When catheters are in unusual positions it may be useful to obtain a second radiograph from a different angle or an ultrasound scan to confirm the positioning of the catheter tip
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