Degenerescência da polpa e respiração de quivi cv. "Bruno" em função das condições de armazenamento Internal breakdown and respiration of 'Bruno' kiwifruit in relation to storage conditions

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da atmosfera controlada sobre a ocorrência da degenerescência da polpa, de sabor e aroma alcoólico no quivi cultivar "Bruno" e a relação destes parâmetros com a taxa respiratória e o quociente respiratório. Os tratamentos foram 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5kPa O2, combinados com 8, 12 e 16kPa CO2. A incidência de degenerescência da polpa e de frutos com aroma alcoólico foi menor nos frutos armazenados com 8kPa de CO2, independente do nível de O2. A taxa respiratória dos frutos foi menor nos tratamentos com 16kPa de CO2 e o quociente respiratório apresentou os maiores valores no tratamento com 0,5kPa de O2 combinado com 16kPa de CO2. A taxa respiratória correlacionou-se negativamente com a incidência de degenerescência da polpa e com a presença de aroma alcoólico. O quociente respiratório apresentou uma correlação positiva com a degenerescência da polpa e com a incidência de aroma alcoólico. Segundo a análise sensorial, os tratamentos com 1,0 e 1,5kPa de O2, combinados com 8kPa de CO2, não induziram a formação de sabor alcoólico nos frutos.<br>This research was aimed at evaluating the effect of controlled atmosphere on the internal breakdown, alcoholic taste and flavor in ‘Bruno’ kiwifruits and the relationship between these parameters and the rate and respiratory quotient. The treatments were 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5kPa O2 combined with 8, 12 and 16kPa CO2. The internal breakdown and occurrence of fruits with flavor was lower at 8kPa of CO2 independent of O2 level. Respiration rate of fruits was lower at treatments with 16kPa of CO2 and the respiratory quotient showed highest values at treatment with 16kPa of CO2. The respiration rate was negatively correlated with internal breakdown and flavor incidence. The respiratory quotient showed a positive correlation with internal breakdown and alcoholic aroma incidence. According to sensory analysis, the treatments with 1.0 and 1.5kPa of O2 combined with 8kPa of CO2 did not induce the of flavor taste in fruits

Conservação de goiabas tratadas com emulsões de cera de carnaúba Postharvest conservation of guavas through carnauba wax emulsion applications

A goiaba é um fruto muito perecível. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de ceras à base de carnaúba na conservação pós-colheita de goiabas Pedro Sato sob condição ambiente. Utilizaram-se cinco ceras comerciais: Citrosol AK (18%), Citrosol M (10%), Fruit wax (18 a 21%), Meghwax ECF-100 (30%) e Cleantex wax (18,5 a 20,5%), as quais foram aplicadas manualmente, na proporção de 0,15 a 0,20mL por fruta. Frutas sem aplicação de cera foram utilizadas como controle. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com 6 tratamentos, 4 repetições e 5 frutas por parcela. As goiabas foram caracterizadas imediatamente após a colheita e avaliadas aos 2, 4 e 6 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos. As ceras exerceram pouca influência nos teores de sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável e ácido ascórbico, porém, foram eficientes em retardar o amadurecimento, reduzir a perda de massa e a incidência de podridões. A cera Meghwax ECF-100 apresenta potencial para utilização em goiabas, porém há necessidade de ser avaliada em maior diluição, para evitar alterações indesejáveis.<br>Guavas are very perishable fruits. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of several carnauba based waxes in the postharvest life of Pedro Sato guavas under room conditions. Five commercial waxes were used: Citrosol AK (18%), Citrosol M (10%), Fruit wax (18 a 21%), Meghwax ECF-100 (30%) e Cleantex wax (18,5 a 20,5%). The waxes were applied manualy in the rate of 0.15 to 0.20mL of wax per fruit. Control fruits were not treated. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments, 4 replicates per treatment and 5 fruits as experimental unit. Guavas were evaluated at harvest and at every 2 days until the 6th day after treatments. Waxing had little effect on total soluble solids, total titratable acidity and ascorbic acid contents. However, the waxes were efficient in delaying ripening and reducing mass loss and decay incidence. The Meghwax ECF-100 shows potential for its use in guavas, although it needs to be tested in lower concentrations to avoid ripening problems

Two- and three-pion quantum statistics correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN=2.76 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Correlations induced by quantum statistics are sensitive to the spatiotemporal extent as well as dynamics of particle-emitting sources in heavy-ion collisions. In addition, such correlations can be used to search for the presence of a coherent component of pion production. Two- and three-pion correlations of same and mixed charge are measured at low relative momentum to estimate the coherent fraction of charged pions in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider with ALICE. The genuine three-pion quantum statistics correlation is found to be suppressed relative to the two-pion correlation based on the assumption of fully chaotic pion emission. The suppression is observed to decrease with triplet momentum. The observed suppression at low triplet momentum may correspond to a coherent fraction in charged-pion emission of 23% +/- 8%

Two-and three-pion quantum statistics correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN=2.76 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Correlations induced by quantum statistics are sensitive to the spatiotemporal extent as well as dynamics of particle-emitting sources in heavy-ion collisions. In addition, such correlations can be used to search for the presence of a coherent component of pion production. Two- and three-pion correlations of same and mixed charge are measured at low relative momentum to estimate the coherent fraction of charged pions in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider with ALICE. The genuine three-pion quantum statistics correlation is found to be suppressed relative to the two-pion correlation based on the assumption of fully chaotic pion emission. The suppression is observed to decrease with triplet momentum. The observed suppression at low triplet momentum may correspond to a coherent fraction in charged-pion emission of 23% +/- 8%