Feedback and the Effects on Progress Monitoring

The purpose of this action research paper was to explore the effects of timing of feedback on progress monitoring scores for students in special education. Ten students, grade nine through eleven, completed AIMSweb math application progress monitoring twice per month and received feedback on their results. The control group was provided with delayed feedback during the week in between testing periods while the treatment group received immediate feedback after completing the probe. Feedback consisted of the total number of points earned, what questions were answered correctly, and the researcher working through missed problems with the student. All students were provided with the same feedback. Data was collected over the course of four testing periods in seven weeks. The findings in this study indicated no significant difference between immediate or delayed feedback on student performance

Research on the design of adaptive control systems, volume 1 Final report

Adaptive control systems - combined optimization and adaptive control, analysis-synthesis and passive adaptive systems, learning systems, and measurement adaptive system

Information requirements for supersonic transport operation Final report

Effects of meteorological parameters and instrument errors on vertical flight performance of supersonic transport

Information requirements for guidance and control systems

Control or guidance system performance dependency on information handling by subsystem

Bcl-2 Can Rescue T Lymphocyte Development in Interleukin-7 Receptor–Deficient Mice but Not in Mutant rag-1−/− Mice

AbstractSignals from cytokine and antigen receptors play crucial roles during lymphocyte development. Mice lacking interleukin-7 receptor are lymphopenic, due to a defect in cell expansion at an early stage of differentiation, and the few mature T cells that develop in IL-7R−/− animals are functionally impaired. Both defects were rescued completely by overexpression of the anti- apoptosis protein Bcl-2. T cell progenitors lacking antigen receptor molecules are also blocked in differentiation and die, presumably because they fail to receive a positive signal via their pre-T cell receptor. Surprisingly, Bcl-2 did not promote survival or differentiation of T cells in rag-1−/− mice. These results provide evidence that blocking apoptosis is the essential function of IL-7R during differentiation and activation of T lymphocytes and that pre-TCR signaling blocks a pathway to apoptosis that is insensitive to Bcl-2

Epithelial cell shedding and barrier function: a matter of life and death at the small intestinal villus tip

The intestinal epithelium is a critical component of the gut barrier. Composed of a single layer of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) held together by tight junctions, this delicate structure prevents the transfer of harmful microorganisms, antigens, and toxins from the gut lumen into the circulation. The equilibrium between the rate of apoptosis and shedding of senescent epithelial cells at the villus tip, and the generation of new cells in the crypt, is key to maintaining tissue homeostasis. However, in both localized and systemic inflammation, this balance may be disturbed as a result of pathological IEC shedding. Shedding of IECs from the epithelial monolayer may cause transient gaps or microerosions in the epithelial barrier, resulting in increased intestinal permeability. Although pathological IEC shedding has been observed in mouse models of inflammation and human intestinal conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. This process may also be an important contributor to systemic and intestinal inflammatory diseases and gut barrier dysfunction in domestic animal species. This review aims to summarize current knowledge about intestinal epithelial cell shedding, its significance in gut barrier dysfunction and host-microbial interactions, and where research in this field is directed