Flavoring agents present in a dentifrice can modify volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) formation in morning bad breath

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a flavor-containing dentifrice on the formation of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) in morning bad breath. A two-step, blinded, crossover, randomized study was carried out in 50 dental students with a healthy periodontium divided into two experimental groups: flavor-containing dentifrice (test) and non-flavor-containing dentifrice (control). The volunteers received the designated dentifrice and a new toothbrush for a 3 X/day brushing regimen for 2 periods of 30 days. A seven-day washout interval was used between the periods. The assessed parameters were: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), organoleptic breath scores (ORG), VSC levels (as measured by a portable sulphide monitor) before (H1) and after (H2) cleaning of the tongue, tongue coating (TC) wet weight and BANA test from TC samples. The intra-group analysis showed a decrease in ORG, from 3 to 2, after 30 days for the test group (p < 0.05). The inter-group analysis showed lower values in ORG, H1 and H2 for the test group (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the amount of TC between groups and the presence of flavor also did not interfere in the BANA results between groups (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that a flavor-containing dentifrice seems to prevent VSCs formation in morning bad breath regardless of the amount of TC in periodontally healthy subjects

Microbiological Sealing Analysis of a Tapered Connection and External Hexagon System

Considering the variety of implant connection systems available in the market and the contrasting literature regarding tapered connection systems in terms of bacterial leakage, the aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effectiveness of the bacterial seal at the implant/abutment interface between an external hexagon and a tapered connection system. Twelve sets of indexed tapered connection components and twelve sets of external hexagon connection components were used for microbiological analysis. In addition, for each model, an implant with its respective prosthetic abutment was used as a negative control and another as a positive control of microbial contamination. Failure of the abutment/implant interface seal was observed via turbidity or presence of deposits in the culture. Descriptive analysis of the data and relative frequency (percentage) as well as Fisher’s exact test were used at a significance level of 5%. Two of ten (20%) external hexagon specimens showed contamination against 0/10 (0%) tapered connection implants. In conclusion, both implant/abutment connections were able to prevent bacterial leakage in vitro

Long-term short implants performance: Systematic review and meta - Analysisofthe essential assessment parameters

Lack of standard criteria in the outcome assessment makes it difficult to draw conclusions on the clinical performance of short implants and, under these circumstances, determine the reasons for implant failure. This study evaluated, through a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis, the essential parameters required to assess the long-term clinical performance of short and extra-short implants. Electronic databases (Pubmed- MEDLINE, Cochrane Library Database, Embase, and Lilacs) were searched by two independent reviewers, without language limitation, to identify eligible papers. References from the selected articles were also reviewed. The review included clinical trials involving short dental implants placed in humans, published between January 2000 and March 2014, which described the parameters applied for outcome\u2019s measurements and provided data on survival rates. Thirteen methodologically acceptable studies were selected and 24 parameters were identified. The most frequent parameters assessed were the marginal bone loss and the cumulative implant survival rate, followed by implant failure rate and biological complications such as bleeding on probing and probing pocket depths. Only cumulative implant survival rate data allows meta-analysis revealing a positive effect size (from 0.052 (fixed) to 0.042 (random)), which means that short implant appears to be a successful treatment option. Mechanical complications and crown-to-implant (C/I) ratio measurement were also commonly described, however, considering the available evidence; no strong conclusions could be drawn since different methods were used to assess each parameter. By means of this literature review, a standard evaluation scheme is proposed, being helpful to regiment further investigations and comparisons on future studies

Effects of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and flavours, presents in dentifrice, on morning dab breath and tongue coating in a panel of periodontal health subjects

Orientadores: Getulio da Rocha Nogueira Filho, Sergio Luiz S. Salvador, Antonio Wilson SallumDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: A halitose matinal está relacionada com a liberação de compostos sulfurados voláteis (CSV) produzidos em maiores concentrações durante o sono, mesmo em indivíduos saudáveis. Assim, os objetivos deste estudo foram de: (capítulo I) avaliar os efeitos do lauril sulfato de sódio (LSS) e dos flavorizantes (capítulo II), presentes em um dentifrício, na formação de CSV e da saburra lingual no hálito matinal. Os dois estudos consistiram de um delineamento cruzado, randomizado, simples-cego em uma amostra total de 75 indivíduos periodontalmente saudáveis. No capítulo I, 25 indivíduos foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos experimentais: dentifrício teste, contendo LSS e dentifrício placebo; no capítulo II, 50 indivíduos foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos experimentais: dentifrício teste, contendo flavorizantes e dentifrício placebo. Os voluntários receberam o dentifrício designado e uma escova dental nova para um regime de 3 escovações diárias, para 2 períodos de 30 dias. Entre os períodos, foi adotado um intervalo de 7 dias, durante o qual todos os voluntários utilizaram o dentifrício placebo. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: nível de CSV por meio do teste organoléptico (ORG) e do monitor de sulfetos, antes (H1) e após (H2) a remoção da saburra lingual; peso úmido da saburra lingual; índice de placa; índice gengival; atividade antimicrobiana dos dentifrícios pela diluição inibitória máxima e teste BANA da saburra lingual (capítulo II). As análises estatísticas dos resultados demonstraram que a presença do LSS reduziu os escores organolépticos e o H1 para o grupo teste. Quanto à presença de flavorizantes, a análise intergrupo demonstrou redução dos escores organolépticos e dos níveis de CSV, tanto para H1, como para H2, somente para o grupo teste (p<0,05). Teste BANA da saburra lingual não apresentou diferença entre os grupos. Dentro dos limites deste trabalho, pode-se concluir que LSS, presente em dentifrício, foi eficaz para controlar a formação de CSV no hálito matinal medido antes da remoção da saburra, sem, no entanto, reduzir a saburra lingual. Porém, quando associado aos flavorizantes, reduziu a halitose matinal detectada pela redução dos níveis de CSV e dos escores organolépticos, sem alterar a quantidade de saburra formada, em indivíduos periodontalmente saudáveisAbstract: Morning bad breath has been correlated with the release of volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) produced in higher concentrations during sleep even in healthy subjects. Thus, the aim of this study was to: (chapter I) evaluate the effects of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) present in a commercial dentifrice on morning bad breath and tongue coating formation; and (chapter II) evaluate the effects of a flavour-containing dentifrice on the VSC formation on morning bad breath and tongue coating formation. Both two-step single-blinded, crossover and randomised studies included a total sample of 75 dental students with healthy periodontium. On chapter I, 25 patients were assigned to two experimental groups: dentifrices with (test) or without (control) SLS and on chapter II, 50 patients were assigned to dentifrices with (test) or without (control) flavour. All volunteers received the designated dentifrice and a new toothbrush for a 3-day brushing regimen for two 30-day periods. A seven-day washout interval was included, in which a placebo dentifrice was used. The assessed parameters were: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), organoleptic breath (ORG), VSC levels by sulphide monitor before (H1) and after (H2) tongue cleaning, tongue coating wet weigh (TC), the maximum inhibitory dilution of dentifrices and BANA test for tongue coating (chapter II). Inter-group analysis showed that SLS reduced organoleptic scores and H1. Regarding the presence of flavour, inter-group analysis showed a decrease in organoleptic scores and VSC levels (H1/H2) for test group (p<0.05). BANA test for tongue coating did not show difference between groups. Within the limits of this study, it could be concluded that SLS-containing dentifrice is able to control VSC formation on morning bad breath in the presence of tongue coating. Nevertheless, when SLS is associated with flavour components in a dentifrice, morning bad breath reduction is observed along with the decrease of VSC levels and organoleptic scores in the whole mouth, regardless of the amount of tongue coating, in periodontally healthy subjectsMestradoPeriodontiaMestre em Clínica Odontológic

Microbiological analysis of tongue dorsum coating in patients hospitalized in ICU

ABSTRACT Objective: ssess quantitatively and qualitatively tongue coating microbiota in ICU patients. Methods: Analytical observational study, convenience sample comprising 65 patients was included for medical report analysis and collection of general data, tongue coating assessment through visual inspection and microbiological sample collection for further laboratory analysis. The collection was performed by a single examiner using a sterile swab introduced and rubbing the posterior portion of the tongue close to the oropharynx. Results: Most patients (60%) belonged to the female sex, at mean age of 74.2 years. The main reasons for hospitalization were lung issues (26.2%) - prevailing associated comorbidities were diabetes (43.1%) and high blood pressure (66.2%). The mean length of stay in the ICU was one day. All patients presented tongue dorsum coating. There were Candida albicans (37%), Streptococcus parasanguinis (26.1%) and Streptococcus mitis (32.6%) in 1/3 of lingual extension. Streptococcus mitis (p=0,0265) was the most prevalent species. Conclusion: There was no significance between the amount of coating and number of observed species, although all assessed patients had presented coating. The most prevalent microorganisms were Candida albicans, Streptococcus parasanguinis and Streptococcus mitis

Effectiveness of a single-tuft toothbrush for control of newly formed dental biofilm

compare the effectiveness of a single-tuft toothbrush (STB) with conventional toothbrushes (CT) to control dental biofilm neoformation in the dentogingival area. Methods: For this cross-sectional prospective blind study, 20 periodontally healthy subjects were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: STB; CT; CHX - chlorhexidine mouthwash (positive control) and PS - placebo mouthwash (negative control). The subjects were instructed to use only the assigned care method for 72 h with a 7-day washout period between experiments. The evaluated parameters were visible and disclosed plaque indices (PI and DPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI) at baseline (T-0) and at the end of each experimental period (T-72). Results: Data analysis demonstrated that at T-0 no difference was observed for any of the parameters (p>0.05); after 72 h, CT, STB and CHX showed equivalente effectiveness at controlling biofilm. When the PI data were analyzed, between T-0 and T-72, STB was similar to CT and CHX (p<0.05), whereas for DPI, STB was significantly superior to the other methods. Except for PS, all methods yielded similar results for GBI (p<0.05). Conclusions: The tested STB was effective at controlling short-term dental biofilm neoformation on the dentogingival área

Clinical outcomes of peri-implantitis treated with bone substitute and resorbable membrane: a literature review with a systematic approach

Objective: The objective of this review was to evaluate the outcomes of the treatment of peri-implant defects, using Guided Bone Regeneration. METHODS: A literature search was performed based on the PICO methodology in the PubMed/Medline, SciELO, Lilacs electronic databases, CAPES periodicals and the Cochrane Library. We included studies using bovine mineral matrix, associated to a collagen membrane for the treatment of peri-implantitis by Guided Bone Regeneration. RESULTS: Of 1,163 studies, 10 were included in this review after applying the evaluation criteria. A total of 269 implants were treated in 260 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 48 months. The studies evaluated outcome in terms of reduction in probing depth, gain of clinical attachment and healing of the bony defect. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, it was not possible to perform meta-analysis. CONCLUSION: Treatment of peri-implant lesions with Guided Bone Regeneration is a viable modality of treatment, providing reduction in bleeding on probing, as well as gain of clinical attachment. Complete filling of the defect is, however, an unpredictable result

Use of Local Melatonin with Xenogeneic Bone Graft to Treat Critical-Size Bone Defects in Rats with Osteoporosis: A Randomized Study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of local administration of melatonin (MLT) on molecular biomarkers and calvaria bone critical defects in female rats with or without osteoporosis, associated or not with a xenogeneic biomaterial. Forty-eight female rats were randomly divided into two groups: (O) ovariectomized and (S) placebo groups. After 45 days of osteoporosis induction, two critical-size defects (5 mm diameter) were created on the calvaria. The groups were subdivided according to the following treatment: (C) Clot, MLT, MLT associated with Bio-Oss® (MLTBO), and Bio-Oss® (BO). After 45 days, the defect samples were collected and processed for microtomography, histomorphometry, and biomolecular analysis (Col-I, BMP-2, and OPN). All animals had one femur harvested to confirm the osteoporosis. Microtomography analysis demonstrated a bone mineral density reduction in the O group. Regarding bone healing, the S group presented greater filling of the defects than the O group; however, in the O group, the defects treated with MLT showed higher mineral filling than the other treatments. There was no difference between the treatments performed in the S group (p = 0.05). Otherwise, O-MLT had neoformed bone higher than in the other groups (p = 0.05). The groups that did not receive biomaterial demonstrated lower levels of Col-I secretion; S-MLT and S-MLTBO presented higher levels of OPN, while O-C presented statistically lower results (p p < 0.05). In the presence of ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis, MLT treatment increased the newly formed bone area, regulated the inflammatory response, and increased OPN expression

Use of 0.1% chlorine dioxide to inhibit the formation of morning volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) Uso do enxaguatório de dióxido de cloro a 0,1% para inibir a formação matinal de compostos sulfurosos voláteis (CSV)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the VSC-inhibiting effect of a commercially available mouthrinse (0.1% chlorine dioxide) when compared to its placebo. A 2-step double blind, crossover, randomised study was conducted with 14 dental students with healthy periodontium, who refrained from any mechanical plaque and tongue coating control during two 4-day experimental periods. The subjects were instructed to rinse 3 times daily with the assigned product during each period. A 7-day washout interval was established. VSCs levels were measured by a sulphide monitor at the beginning (baseline) and at the end of each experimental period. Statistical analyses were performed using Wilcoxon's and Mann-Whitney's non-parametric tests. At baseline, intragroup analysis revealed that VSCs levels did not differ between groups (p > 0.05); at day 5, the use of the chlorine dioxide mouthrinse did not change the baseline VSCs scores in the control group (p > 0.05), while a 2-fold increase was observed with the use of the placebo mouthrinse (p < 0.05). Intergroup analysis showed a significant difference between the VSCs levels of the test and control groups (40.2 &plusmn; 30.72 and 82.3 &plusmn; 75.63 ppb, p < 0.001) at day 5. Within the limits of this study, the findings suggest that a mouthrinse containing chlorine dioxide can maintain VSCs at lower levels in the morning breath.<br>O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito inibitório do enxaguatório de dióxido de cloro a 0,1% sobre a formação dos CSVs, quando comparados a um placebo. Um estudo randomizado, cruzado, duplo cego foi conduzido com 14 estudantes de odontologia apresentando saúde periodontal, os quais se abstiveram dos hábitos de escovação dentária e limpeza da língua durante dois períodos experimentais de 4 dias. Os voluntários foram orientados a utilizar o enxaguatório designado 3 vezes ao dia conforme indicado no rótulo. Um intervalo de 7 dias foi estabelecido entre os períodos experimentais. No início ("baseline") e no final de cada período experimental, os níveis de CSVs foram medidos com o uso do monitor de sulfetos. Análise estatística foi realizada utilizando-se os testes não-paramétricos de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney. No "baseline", uma análise intragrupo revelou que os níveis de CSVs não diferiram entre os grupos (p > 0.05); no dia 5, o uso do dióxido de cloro não promoveu mudanças significativas nos níveis de CSVs em relação ao "baseline" no grupo controle (p > 0,05), entretanto os níveis de CSVs duplicaram com a utilização enxaguatório placebo (p < 0,05). Uma análise entre os grupos teste e controle revelou diferença significante para os níveis de CSVs (40,2 &plusmn; 30,72 e 82,3 &plusmn; 75,63 ppb, p < 0,001) no dia 5. Dentro dos limites deste estudo, os achados sugerem que o uso de enxaguatórios contendo dióxido de cloro pode promover a manutenção de baixos níveis de CSVs no hálito matinal