A method to estimate weight and dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines. Volume 1: Method of analysis

Weight and envelope dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines are estimated within plus or minus 5% to 10% using a computer method based on correlations of component weight and design features of 29 data base engines. Rotating components are estimated by a preliminary design procedure where blade geometry, operating conditions, material properties, shaft speed, hub-tip ratio, etc., are the primary independent variables used. The development and justification of the method selected, the various methods of analysis, the use of the program, and a description of the input/output data are discussed

A method to estimate weight and dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines. Volume 2: User's manual

For abstract, see N77-25171

Cancer Stem Cells: Notes for Authors.

Stem Cell Reports frequently receives manuscripts dealing with the topic of cancer stem cells. Many of the submissions on this topic have major shortcomings in their content or limits to the conclusions that can be drawn from the results presented. The purpose of this Commentary is to highlight some of the underlying issues so that authors can enhance the strength of their research contributions

A method to estimate weight and dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines. Volume 3: Programmer's manual

For abstract, see N77-25171

A panel of human lung carcinoma lines: establishment, properties and common characteristics.

A panel of human lung carcinoma lines representing the four main histological types (squamous, small-cell, large-cell and adenocarcinoma), and derived from both primary and metastatic sites, has been established in xenograft and in tissue culture. The highest take rates were achieved when biopsy specimens were obtained from large tumour masses and cultured lines were most readily established after preliminary passages as xenografts. The established lines exhibited an overlapping spectrum of biochemical and morphological characteristics, and showed a tendency to change from one cell type to another, in keeping with the concept of a common endodermal cell of origin. Radiation resistance appeared to be related to the large-cell phenotype

Users Meet Clarifying Questions:Toward a Better Understanding of User Interactions for Search Clarification

The use of clarifying questions (CQs) is a fairly new and useful technique to aid systems in recognizing the intent, context, and preferences behind user queries. Yet, understanding the extent of the effect of CQs on user behavior and the ability to identify relevant information remains relatively unexplored. In this work, we conduct a large user study to understand the interaction of users with CQs in various quality categories, and the effect of CQ quality on user search performance in terms of finding relevant information, search behavior, and user satisfaction. Analysis of implicit interaction data and explicit user feedback demonstrates that high-quality CQs improve user performance and satisfaction. By contrast, low-And mid-quality CQs are harmful, and thus allowing the users to complete their tasks without CQ support may be preferred in this case. We also observe that user engagement, and therefore the need for CQ support, is affected by several factors, such as search result quality or perceived task difficulty. The findings of this study can help researchers and system designers realize why, when, and how users interact with CQs, leading to a better understanding and design of search clarification systems