População de referência no diagnóstico da composição nutricional (CND) em Mangueiras.

Resumo: A diagnose foliar teve início em meados do século 20; desde então, é objeto de muitas pesquisas e tem-se apresentado como a principal ferramenta para aumento da produtividade, pois permite um manejo eficiente da adubação, podendo dirimir limitações de um dado nutriente e adequar o balanço nutricional para uma determinada cultura. Objetivando contribuir com a diagnose nutricional da mangueira avaliou-se 221 talhões das variedades Palmer, Tommy Atkins e Espada, durante as safras agrícolas 2009/2010 e 2010/2011. Seguindo a proposição do Diagnóstico da Composição Nutricional (CND) e a exclusão dos dados aberrantes, foi possível definir que o ponto de inflexão que definiu as amostras com alto e baixo rendimento foi de 80,8 kg por planta. A distância de Mahalanobis foi eficiente em excluir os resultados aberrantes do banco de dados inicialmente proposto

Compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) de la vigne au Bresil.

The grapevine (Vittis vinifera) is an important production in Brazil. Grapevine fertilization is guided mainly by foliar analysis. Research was conducted in 2014/2015 in the largest vine-producing region in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The objective was to compare common nutrient concentration ranges from literature to diagnostic standards using compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) across 81 commercial vineyar

Non-stationary temporal characterization of the temperature profile of a soil exposed to frost in south-eastern Canada

The objective of this work was to compare time and frequency fluctuations of air and soil temperatures (2-, 5-, 10-, 20- and 50-cm below the soil surface) using the continuous wavelet transform, with a particular emphasis on the daily cycle. The analysis of wavelet power spectra and cross power spectra provided detailed non-stationary accounts with respect to frequencies (or periods) and to time of the structure of the data and also of the relationships that exist between time series. For this particular application to the temperature profile of a soil exposed to frost, both the air temperature and the 2-cm depth soil temperature time series exhibited a dominant power peak at 1-d periodicity, prominent from spring to autumn. This feature was gradually damped as it propagated deeper into the soil and was weak for the 20-cm depth. Influence of the incoming solar radiation was also revealed in the wavelet power spectra analysis by a weaker intensity of the 1-d peak. The principal divergence between air and soil temperatures, besides damping, occurred in winter from the latent heat release associated to the freezing of the soil water and the insulation effect of snowpack that cease the dependence of the soil temperature to the air temperature. Attenuation and phase-shifting of the 1-d periodicity could be quantified through scale-averaged power spectra and time-lag estimations. Air temperature variance was only partly transferred to the 2-cm soil temperature time series and much less so to the 20-cm soil depth

Mitigating Ischemic Injury of Stem Cell-Derived Insulin-Producing Cells after Transplant.

The advent of large-scale in vitro differentiation of human stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells (SCIPC) has brought us closer to treating diabetes using stem cell technology. However, decades of experiences from islet transplantation show that ischemia-induced islet cell death after transplant severely limits the efficacy of the therapy. It is unclear to what extent human SCIPC are susceptible to ischemia. In this study, we show that more than half of SCIPC die shortly after transplantation. Nutrient deprivation and hypoxia acted synergistically to kill SCIPC in vitro. Amino acid supplementation rescued SCIPC from nutrient deprivation, likely by providing cellular energy. Generating SCIPC under physiological oxygen tension of 5% conferred hypoxia resistance without affecting their differentiation or function. A two-pronged strategy of physiological oxygen acclimatization during differentiation and amino acid supplementation during transplantation significantly improved SCIPC survival after transplant

Réhabilitation immunonutritionnelle d'enfants atteints de malnutrition sévère

Le déficit immunitaire de l'enfant souffrant de malnutrition est connu de longue date mais rarement pris en compte dans le processus de récupération nutritionnelle. Le centre de réhabilitation immunonutritionnelle (CRIN) de Cochabamba (Bolivie) s'est donné comme objectif de restaurer les aspects clinico-nutritionnels et immunologiques lors du traitement d'enfants atteints de malnutrition sévère. Les enfants admis au CRIN sont recrutés parmi ceux qui, âgés de 6 mois à 6 ans, séjournent à l'hôpital materno-infantile. Durant les deux mois de séjour dans le service, ils bénéficient d'un traitement global dispensé par une équipe pluridisciplinaire composée de pédiatres, d'immunologistes, de nutritionnistes, de psychologues et de sociologues. La récupération nutritionnelle est basée sur un modèle diététique en quatre phases. Le suivi de ces enfants au niveau anthropométrique, immunologique (échographie du thymus et sous-populations lymphocytaires) et psychologique est assuré par l'équipe. Les études menées au CRIN ont montré : une atteinte spécifique de l'immunité à médiation cellulaire avec involution thymique et taux élevé de lymphocytes immatures ; un déphasage entre les vitesses de récupération clinico-nutritionnelle et immunologique, qui explique en grande partie les rechutes observées dans la plupart des centres de récupération nutritionnelle ; une possibilité d'accélerer la récupération immunitaire grâce à un supplément journalier en zinc afin qu'elle coïncide avec la récupération nutritionnelle et permette une sortie plus rapide de l'enfant sans risque de rechute. (Résumé d'auteur

Glucose enhancement of memory is modulated by trait anxiety in healthy adolescent males

Glucose administration is associated with memory enhancement in healthy young individuals under conditions of divided attention at encoding. While the specific neurocognitive mechanisms underlying this ‘glucose memory facilitation effect’ are currently uncertain, it is thought that individual differences in glucoregulatory efficiency may alter an individual’s sensitivity to the glucose memory facilitation effect. In the present study, we sought to investigate whether basal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function (itself a modulator of glucoregulatory efficiency), baseline self-reported stress and trait anxiety influence the glucose memory facilitation effect. Adolescent males (age range = 14–17 years) were administered glucose and placebo prior to completing a verbal episodic memory task on two separate testing days in a counter-balanced, within-subjects design. Glucose ingestion improved verbal episodic memory performance when memory recall was tested (i) within an hour of glucose ingestion and encoding, and (ii) one week subsequent to glucose ingestion and encoding. Basal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function did not appear to influence the glucose memory facilitation effect; however, glucose ingestion only improved memory in participants reporting relatively higher trait anxiety. These findings suggest that the glucose memory facilitation effect may be mediated by biological mechanisms associated with trait anxiety

Technology use by people with intellectual and developmental disabilities to support employment activities: A single-subject design meta analysis

This is the published version. Copyright 2006 IOS PressObjectives: Technology has the potential to improve employment and rehabilitation related outcomes for persons with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of technology use on employment-related outcomes for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Study design: A comprehensive search of the literature pertaining to technology use by people with intellectual disabilities was conducted, and a single-subject design meta analysis was conducted for a subset of those studies, which focused on employment and rehabilitation related outcomes. Results: The use of technology to promote outcomes in this area was shown to be generally effective, in particular when universal design features were addressed. Conclusions: Technology has the potential to enable people with intellectual and developmental disabilities to achieve more positive employment and rehabilitation outcomes. It is important to focus on universal design features important to persons with cognitive disabilities, and there is a need for more research in this area