Destino de agroquímicos aplicados nos cultivos na região do aquífero karst em Colombo, PR.

Resumo

Evaluation of occurrence of NO3-, coliform and atrazine in a karst aquifer, Colombo, PR.

A vulnerabilidade de aquíferos do tipo cársticos à contaminação por atividades agropecuárias ocorre em função de sua estrutura geomorfológica. No entanto, existem poucos estudos desta natureza no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de nitrato, bactérias coliformes e atrazina em poços rasos e profundos no aquífero cárstico paranaense sob influência de atividades agrícolas. O estudo foi realizado em uma área de agricultura intensiva sobre aquífero cárstico da bacia hidrográfica do Alto Iguaçu/Ribeira no município de Colombo-PR. As campanhas amostrais foram realizadas no período entre 2014 e 2015 em 15 poços rasos e 7 poços profundos, para análise bacteriológica, de NO3- e de atrazina na água. A concentração de NO3- nos poços rasos variou entre 0,14 mg L-1 e 40,22 mg L-1. Nos poços profundos, as concentrações foram menores, entre 1,24 mg L-1 e 17,86 mg L-1. A análise de coliformes totais e fecais apresentou a mesma tendência da presença deNO3-. A atrazina foi detectada em 5 poços rasos e 4 profundos. Propriedades físico-químicas da atrazina, assim como, as fraturas do aquífero cárstico e alta condutividade hidráulica podem ser consideradas como fatores determinantes no destino deste pesticida.Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-06T23:22:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017LuciliaRBRHEvaluation.pdf: 2432915 bytes, checksum: 0f96fc45bed55523603ede1db24e8e80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-06bitstream/item/166140/1/2017-Lucilia-RBRH-Evaluation.pd

The epidemiology and treatment of ALS: focus on the heterogeneity of the disease and critical appraisal of therapeutic trials.

Effective treatments for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have remained elusive. Only riluzole, a drug thought to affect glutamate metabolism, improves survival albeit to modest extent. Explanations for the negative results of therapeutic trials include a likely heterogeneity, both in disease susceptibility and pathogenic mechanisms, and faulty methodology of clinical trials. Further understanding of these factors will lead to improvements in patient stratification, and in the design of future clinical tria

Tocilizumab for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The single-arm TOCIVID-19 prospective trial

BackgroundTocilizumab blocks pro-inflammatory activity of interleukin-6 (IL-6), involved in pathogenesis of pneumonia the most frequent cause of death in COVID-19 patients.MethodsA multicenter, single-arm, hypothesis-driven trial was planned, according to a phase 2 design, to study the effect of tocilizumab on lethality rates at 14 and 30 days (co-primary endpoints, a priori expected rates being 20 and 35%, respectively). A further prospective cohort of patients, consecutively enrolled after the first cohort was accomplished, was used as a secondary validation dataset. The two cohorts were evaluated jointly in an exploratory multivariable logistic regression model to assess prognostic variables on survival.ResultsIn the primary intention-to-treat (ITT) phase 2 population, 180/301 (59.8%) subjects received tocilizumab, and 67 deaths were observed overall. Lethality rates were equal to 18.4% (97.5% CI: 13.6-24.0, P=0.52) and 22.4% (97.5% CI: 17.2-28.3, P<0.001) at 14 and 30 days, respectively. Lethality rates were lower in the validation dataset, that included 920 patients. No signal of specific drug toxicity was reported. In the exploratory multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age and lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio negatively affected survival, while the concurrent use of steroids was associated with greater survival. A statistically significant interaction was found between tocilizumab and respiratory support, suggesting that tocilizumab might be more effective in patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline.ConclusionsTocilizumab reduced lethality rate at 30 days compared with null hypothesis, without significant toxicity. Possibly, this effect could be limited to patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline.Registration EudraCT (2020-001110-38); clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04317092)

Correction to: Tocilizumab for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The single-arm TOCIVID-19 prospective trial (Journal of Translational Medicine, (2020), 18, 1, (405), 10.1186/s12967-020-02573-9)

Following publication of the original article [1] the authors identified that the collaborators of the TOCIVID-19 investigators, Italy were only available in the supplementary file. The original article has been updated so that the collaborators are correctly acknowledged. For clarity, all collaborators are listed in this correction article