26 research outputs found
HDE 245059: A Weak-Lined T Tauri Binary Revealed by Chandra and Keck
We present the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS)
and Keck observations of HDE 245059, a young weak-lined T Tauri star (WTTS),
member of the pre-main sequence group in the Lambda Orionis Cluster. Our high
spatial resolution, near-infrared observations with Keck reveal that HDE 245059
a binary separated by 0.87". Based on this new information we have obtained an
estimate of the masses of the binary components; 3M_{sun} and 2.5M_{sun} for
the north and south components, respectively. We have estimated the age of the
system to be ~2-3 Myr. We detect both components of the binary in the zeroth
order Chandra image and in the grating spectra. Our fits to the spectrum of the
binary have shown that the emission is dominated by a plasma between 8 and 15
MK, a soft component at 4 MK and a hard component at 50 MK are also detected.
The value of the hydrogen column density was low, 8 x 10^{19} cm^{-2}, likely
due to the clearing of the inner region of the Lambda Orionis cloud. The
abundance pattern shows an inverse First Ionization Potential (FIP) effect for
all elements from O to Fe, the only exception being Ca. A 3-T model was fitted
to the individual zeroth order spectra using the abundances derived for the
binary. We have also obtained several lines fluxes from the grating spectra.
The fits to the triplets show no evidence of high densities. We conclude that
the X-ray properties of the weak-lined T Tau binary HDE 245059 are similar to
those generally observed in other weak-lined T Tau stars. Although its
accretion history may have been affected by the clearing of the interstellar
material around Lambda Ori, its coronal properties appears not to have been
strongly modified.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures Accepted for publication in Ap
Omnivoria e repartição de recursos em águas pobres em nutrientes da Bacia do Rio Negro
Amazonian biodiversity is notorious, this is also valid for the fauna of the mineral-deficient waters of the Rio Negro System. Some 25 years of research on the benthic fauna of Central Amazonian streams resulted in species-rich foodwebs with a high degree of omnivory within dense animal communities. To exemplify the taxonomic range of omnivorous consumers, the detailed resource spectra of 18 consumer species, including Protozoa (2 species), Platyhelminthes (1 species), insects (2 species), fish (6 species) and shrimps (Decapoda, 7 species), associated primarily with the benthic habitats of Rio Negro tributaries, are presented. Special features of omnivory are characterized, and the importance of litter-decomposing fungi as essential energy input into the foodwebs is documented. It is shown that general omnivory -diverse omnivore consumers sharing most of the resource types- is a prevalent feature. The relevance of this general omnivory for the maintenance of biodiversity is discussed.A biodiversidade do Amazonas Ă© notĂłrio e isto tambĂ©m Ă© válido para as águas pobres em nutrientes da bacia do Rio Negro. Uma pesquisa de 25 anos da fauna bĂ©ntica de igarapĂ©s da AmazĂ´nia Central resultou em redes alimentares caraterizadas por alta diversidade de espĂ©cies, por intensa omnivoria e por alta densidade populacional. Para demonstrar a generalidade taxonĂ´mica de omnivoria no bentos dos igarapĂ©s, sĂŁo apresentados as listas de presas / recursos de 18 espĂ©cies de consumidores, sendo Protozoa (2 epĂ©cies), Platyhelminthes (1 espĂ©cie), insetos (2 espĂ©cies), peixes (6 espĂ©cies) e camarões (Decapoda, 7 espĂ©cies). Diferentes categorias de omnivoria sĂŁo apresentados, e a importância de fungos decompositores da liteira submersa como input básico de energia nas redes alimentares Ă© demonstrada. É prevalente a omnivoria geral, sendo que as diferentes espĂ©cies omnĂvoros estĂŁo utilizando os mesmos recursos. Considera- se a relevância desta omnivoria geral para a manutenção da biodiversidade