18 research outputs found

    Solar parameters for modeling interplanetary background

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    The goal of the Fully Online Datacenter of Ultraviolet Emissions (FONDUE) Working Team of the International Space Science Institute in Bern, Switzerland, was to establish a common calibration of various UV and EUV heliospheric observations, both spectroscopic and photometric. Realization of this goal required an up-to-date model of spatial distribution of neutral interstellar hydrogen in the heliosphere, and to that end, a credible model of the radiation pressure and ionization processes was needed. This chapter describes the solar factors shaping the distribution of neutral interstellar H in the heliosphere. Presented are the solar Lyman-alpha flux and the solar Lyman-alpha resonant radiation pressure force acting on neutral H atoms in the heliosphere, solar EUV radiation and the photoionization of heliospheric hydrogen, and their evolution in time and the still hypothetical variation with heliolatitude. Further, solar wind and its evolution with solar activity is presented in the context of the charge exchange ionization of heliospheric hydrogen, and in the context of dynamic pressure variations. Also the electron ionization and its variation with time, heliolatitude, and solar distance is presented. After a review of all of those topics, we present an interim model of solar wind and the other solar factors based on up-to-date in situ and remote sensing observations of solar wind. Results of this effort will further be utilised to improve on the model of solar wind evolution, which will be an invaluable asset in all heliospheric measurements, including, among others, the observations of Energetic Neutral Atoms by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX).Comment: Chapter 2 in the planned "Cross-Calibration of Past and Present Far UV Spectra of Solar System Objects and the Heliosphere", ISSI Scientific Report No 12, ed. R.M. Bonnet, E. Quemerais, M. Snow, Springe

    Photoplethysmographic Pulse Amplitude Response to Flow Mediated Dilation

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    AlteraçÔes anatÎmicas induzidas por Meloidogyne enterolobii (=M. mayaguensis) e Meloidogyne javanica em tomateiros resistentes a meloidoginose

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    A resistĂȘncia de tomateiros (Solanum lycopersicum L.) a M. incognita, M. javanica e M. arenaria, conferida pela presença do gene Mi, nĂŁo contempla a espĂ©cie M. enterolobii (=M. mayaguensis). O objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar as alteraçÔes anatĂŽmicas causadas por M. enterolobii no sistema radicular de porta-enxertos de tomateiro com o gene de resistĂȘncia Mi ('Magnet' e Helper M') e comparĂĄ-las com as causadas por M. javanica. As observaçÔes anatĂŽmicas das raĂ­zes foram feitas com auxĂ­lio de microscĂłpio de luz e os aspectos mais relevantes foram fotografados. Com base em contagens e mensuraçÔes do tamanho dos sĂ­tios de alimentação e das cĂ©lulas gigantes, foram efetuadas analises utilizando o mĂ©todo estatĂ­stico de AnĂĄlise de Agrupamento. O aparecimento de cĂ©lulas nutridoras incitadas por M. enterolobii foi verificado em ambos os porta-enxertos de tomateiro, entre 10 e 17 dias apĂłs a inoculação (DAI). O nĂșmero e a ĂĄrea de sĂ­tios de alimentação e de cĂ©lulas gigantes foram menores aos 17 DAI do que aos 24 DAI. Nesta Ă©poca (24 DAI), foram observados sĂ­tios de alimentação constituĂ­dos pela presença de vĂĄrias cĂ©lulas nutridoras multinucleadas, com parede celular espessa, citoplasma denso e granuloso. Os tecidos vasculares apresentaram-se comprimidos e desorganizados, foi observada, tambĂ©m, hipertrofia de cĂ©lulas do parĂȘnquima cortical. As raĂ­zes inoculadas com M. javanica nĂŁo apresentaram alteraçÔes anatĂŽmicas
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