2,273 research outputs found
Sad people are more accurate at expression identification with a smaller own-ethnicity bias than happy people.
Sad individuals perform more accurately at face identity recognition (Hills, Werno, & Lewis, 2011), possibly because they scan more of the face during encoding. During expression identification tasks, sad individuals do not fixate on the eyes as much as happier individuals (Wu, Pu, Allen, & Pauli, 2012). Fixating on features other than the eyes leads to a reduced own-ethnicity bias (Hills & Lewis, 2006). This background indicates that sad individuals would not view the eyes as much as happy individuals and this would result in improved expression recognition and a reduced own-ethnicity bias. This prediction was tested using an expression identification task, with eye tracking. We demonstrate that sad-induced participants show enhanced expression recognition and a reduced own-ethnicity bias than happy-induced participants due to scanning more facial features. We conclude that mood affects eye movements and face encoding by causing a wider sampling strategy and deeper encoding of facial features diagnostic for expression identification
Nonlinear Dirac and diffusion equations in 1 + 1 dimensions from stochastic considerations
We generalize the method of obtaining the fundamental linear partial
differential equations such as the diffusion and Schrodinger equation, Dirac
and telegrapher's equation from a simple stochastic consideration to arrive at
certain nonlinear form of these equations. The group classification through one
parameter group of transformation for two of these equations is also carried
out.Comment: 18 pages, Latex file, some equations corrected and group analysis in
one more case adde
Natural Theories of Ultra-Low Mass PNGB's: Axions and Quintessence
We consider the Wilson Line PNGB which arises in a U(1)^N gauge theory,
abstracted from a latticized, periodically compactified extra dimension U(1).
Planck scale breaking of the PNGB's global symmetry is suppressed, providing
natural candidates for the axion and quintessence. We construct an explicit
model in which the axion may be viewed as the 5th component of the U(1)_Y gauge
field in a 1+4 latticized periodically compactified extra dimension. We also
construct a quintessence PNGB model where the ultra-low mass arises from
Planck-scale suppressed physics itself.Comment: 20 pages, fixed typo and reference
North Aleutian Shelf Statewide and Regional Demographic and Economic Systems Impacts Analysis
Prepared for Bureau of Land Management Alaska Outer Continental Shelf OfficeYe
The role of aerodynamic forces in a mathematical model for suspension bridges
In a fish-bone model for suspension bridges studied by us in a previous paper
we introduce linear aerodynamic forces. We numerically analyze the role of
these forces and we theoretically show that they do not influence the onset of
torsional oscillations. This suggests a new explanation for the origin of
instability in suspension bridges: it is a combined interaction between
structural nonlinearity and aerodynamics and it follows a precise pattern. This
gives an answer to a long-standing question about the origin of torsional
instability in suspension bridges
Elite male Flat jockeys display lower bone density and lower resting metabolic rate than their female counterparts: implications for athlete welfare
To test the hypothesis that daily weight-making is more problematic to health in male compared with female jockeys, we compared the bone-density and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in weight-matched male and female Flat-jockeys. RMR (kcal.kg-1 lean mass) was lower in males compared with females as well as lower bone-density Z-scores at the hip and lumbar spine. Data suggest the lifestyle of male jockeysâ compromise health more severely than females, possibly due to making-weight more frequently
Stain Resistance of Maxillofacial Materials
The resistance of three silicone and one polyvinyl chloride maxillofacial materials to staining by tea, lipstick, and disclosing solution was measured by reflectance spectrophotometry. Changes in color caused by staining were larger than changes caused by color instability of the base elastomers or pigments under conditions of accelerated aging.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66676/2/10.1177_00220345790580050401.pd
Room-temperature continuous wave lasing in deep-subwavelength metallic cavities under electrical injection
Plasmonic nanolasers and spasers continue to attract a great deal of interest from the physics and nanophotonics community, with the experimental observation of lasing as a focus of research. We report the observation of continuous wave lasing in metallic cavities of deep subwavelength sizes under electrical injection, operating at room temperature. The volume of the nanolaser is as small as 0.42¿3, where ¿ = 1.55 ”m is the lasing wavelength. This demonstration will help answer the question of how small a nanolaser can be made, and will likely stimulate a wide range of fundamental studies in basic laser physics and quantum optics on truly subwavelength scales. In addition, such nanolasers may lead to many potential applications, such as on-chip integrated photonic systems for communication, computing, and detection
Thyroid hormone and vitamin D regulate VGF expression and promoter activity
The Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus) survives winter by decreasing food intake and catabolizing abdominal fat reserves, resulting in a sustained, profound loss of body weight. Hypothalamic tanycytes are pivotal for this process. In these cells, short-winter photoperiods upregulate deiodinase 3, an enzyme that regulates thyroid hormone availability, and downregulate genes encoding components of retinoic acid (RA) uptake and signaling. The aim of the current studies was to identify mechanisms by which seasonal changes in thyroid hormone and RA signaling from tanycytes might ultimately regulate appetite and energy expenditure. proVGF is one of the most abundant peptides in the mammalian brain, and studies have suggested a role for VGF-derived peptides in the photoperiodic regulation of body weight in the Siberian hamster. In silico studies identified possible thyroid and vitamin D response elements in the VGF promoter. Using the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, we demonstrate that RA increases endogenous VG expression (P!0.05) and VGF promoter activity (P!0.0001). Similarly, treatment with 1,25-ihydroxyvitamin D3 increased endogenous VGF mRNA expression (P!0.05) and VGF promoter activity (P!0.0001),whereas triiodothyronine (T3) decreased both (P!0.01 and P!0.0001). Finally, intrahypothalamic administration of T3 blocked the short day-induced increase in VGF expression in the dorsomedial posterior arcuate nucleus of Siberian hamsters. Thus, we conclude that VGF expression is a likely target of photoperiod-induced changes in tanycyte-derived signals and is potentially a regulator of seasonal changes in appetite and energy expenditure
Electronic polarization in pentacene crystals and thin films
Electronic polarization is evaluated in pentacene crystals and in thin films
on a metallic substrate using a self-consistent method for computing charge
redistribution in non-overlapping molecules. The optical dielectric constant
and its principal axes are reported for a neutral crystal. The polarization
energies P+ and P- of a cation and anion at infinite separation are found for
both molecules in the crystal's unit cell in the bulk, at the surface, and at
the organic-metal interface of a film of N molecular layers. We find that a
single pentacene layer with herring-bone packing provides a screening
environment approaching the bulk. The polarization contribution to the
transport gap P=(P+)+(P-), which is 2.01 eV in the bulk, decreases and
increases by only ~ 10% at surfaces and interfaces, respectively. We also
compute the polarization energy of charge-transfer (CT) states with fixed
separation between anion and cation, and compare to electroabsorption data and
to submolecular calculations. Electronic polarization of ~ 1 eV per charge has
a major role for transport in organic molecular systems with limited overlap.Comment: 10 revtex pages, 6 PS figures embedde
- âŠ