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    Non-pharmacological treatment for depressed older patients in primary care: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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    Contains fulltext : 177843.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Late-life depression is most often treated in primary care, and it usually coincides with chronic somatic diseases. Given that antidepressants contribute to polypharmacy in these patients, and potentially to interactions with other drugs, non-pharmacological treatments are essential. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to present an overview of the non-pharmacological treatments available in primary care for late-life depression. METHOD: The databases of PubMed, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched in January 2017 with combinations of MeSH-terms and free text words for "general practice," "older adults," "depression," and "non-pharmacological treatment". All studies with empirical data concerning adults aged 60 years or older were included, and the results were stratified by primary care, and community setting. We narratively reviewed the results and performed a meta-analysis on cognitive behavioral therapy in the primary care setting. RESULTS: We included 11 studies conducted in primary care, which covered the following five treatment modalities: cognitive behavioral therapy, exercise, problem-solving therapy, behavioral activation, and bright-light therapy. Overall, the meta-analysis showed a small effect for cognitive behavioral therapy, with one study also showing that bright-light therapy was effective. Another 18 studies, which evaluated potential non-pharmacological interventions in the community suitable for implementation, indicated that bibliotherapy, life-review, problem-solving therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy were effective at short-term follow-up. DISCUSSION: We conclude that the effects of several treatments are promising, but need to be replicated before they can be implemented more widely in primary care. Although more treatment modalities were effective in a community setting, more research is needed to investigate whether these treatments are also applicable in primary care. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42016038442

    แƒแƒฐแƒ›แƒ”แƒ“ แƒแƒ–แƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ˜แƒก (แƒ›แƒ”แƒšแƒแƒจแƒ•แƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜) แƒกแƒแƒคแƒšแƒแƒ•แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒคแƒ”แƒš แƒฐแƒ”แƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜แƒ”แƒจแƒ˜

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    แƒคแƒแƒขแƒแƒก แƒ’แƒแƒ“แƒแƒฆแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก แƒ—แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒฆแƒ˜ แƒฃแƒชแƒœแƒแƒ‘แƒ˜แƒแƒแƒฐแƒ›แƒ”แƒ“ แƒแƒ–แƒฅแƒแƒœ-แƒ›แƒ”แƒšแƒแƒจแƒ•แƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ - แƒ™แƒฃแƒšแƒขแƒฃแƒ แƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒ•แƒแƒฌแƒ” แƒ—แƒฃแƒ แƒฅแƒ”แƒ—แƒจแƒ˜, แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒšแƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒ•แƒแƒฌแƒ”แƒแƒ‘แƒ แƒ›แƒ˜แƒ›แƒแƒ แƒ—แƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒ˜แƒงแƒ แƒ—แƒฃแƒ แƒฅแƒ”แƒ—แƒ˜แƒก แƒฅแƒแƒ แƒ—แƒ•แƒ”แƒšแƒแƒ‘แƒแƒจแƒ˜ แƒ”แƒ แƒแƒ•แƒœแƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒ˜แƒ—แƒจแƒ”แƒ’แƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก แƒ’แƒแƒฆแƒ•แƒ˜แƒซแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒกแƒแƒ™แƒ”แƒœ. แƒฅแƒแƒšแƒแƒฅ แƒ‘แƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒฅแƒ”แƒกแƒ˜แƒ แƒ—แƒแƒœ แƒกแƒแƒคแƒ”แƒš แƒ™แƒแƒฉแƒ‘แƒแƒ˜แƒ แƒจแƒ˜ แƒ“แƒแƒ˜แƒ‘แƒแƒ“แƒ. แƒ›แƒ˜แƒกแƒ˜ แƒฌแƒ˜แƒœแƒแƒžแƒ แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒ แƒ—แƒ•แƒ˜แƒœแƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒฎแƒ แƒ˜แƒ“แƒแƒœ แƒฌแƒแƒ›แƒแƒกแƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒฅแƒแƒ แƒ—แƒ•แƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ›แƒฃแƒฐแƒแƒฏแƒ˜แƒ แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒ˜แƒงแƒ•แƒœแƒ”แƒœ. แƒ“แƒแƒฌแƒงแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒ—แƒ˜ แƒ’แƒแƒœแƒแƒ—แƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒ˜แƒฆแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก แƒจแƒ”แƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒ’, แƒกแƒฌแƒแƒ•แƒšแƒแƒ‘แƒ“แƒ แƒ˜แƒ–แƒ›แƒ˜แƒ แƒจแƒ˜, 1955 แƒฌแƒ”แƒšแƒก แƒ“แƒแƒฅแƒแƒ แƒฌแƒ˜แƒœแƒ“แƒ แƒแƒ แƒ—แƒ•แƒ˜แƒœแƒ˜แƒก แƒ•แƒ˜แƒšแƒแƒ˜แƒ”แƒ—แƒ˜แƒก แƒกแƒแƒคแƒ”แƒš แƒฐแƒแƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜แƒ”แƒจแƒ˜ แƒ›แƒชแƒฎแƒแƒ•แƒ แƒ”แƒ‘ แƒ˜แƒฃแƒฅแƒกแƒ”แƒš แƒ”แƒ แƒ’แƒฃแƒœแƒ–แƒ”. 1962 แƒฌแƒ”แƒšแƒก แƒ“แƒแƒแƒ›แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒ แƒ แƒกแƒขแƒแƒ›แƒ‘แƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒก แƒฃแƒœแƒ˜แƒ•แƒ”แƒ แƒกแƒ˜แƒขแƒ”แƒขแƒ˜แƒก แƒแƒ แƒฅแƒ˜แƒขแƒ”แƒฅแƒขแƒฃแƒ แƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒคแƒแƒ™แƒฃแƒšแƒขแƒ”แƒขแƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒ“แƒแƒกแƒแƒฎแƒšแƒ“แƒ แƒฅแƒแƒ แƒ—แƒฃแƒš แƒกแƒแƒคแƒ”แƒš แƒฐแƒแƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜แƒ”แƒจแƒ˜, แƒกแƒแƒ“แƒแƒช แƒขแƒฃแƒ แƒ˜แƒกแƒขแƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒ–แƒแƒ’แƒแƒ“แƒแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ แƒ“แƒแƒแƒแƒ แƒกแƒ. แƒจแƒ”แƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒ’ แƒแƒ แƒฅแƒ˜แƒขแƒ”แƒฅแƒขแƒแƒ แƒแƒ“แƒแƒช แƒ›แƒฃแƒจแƒแƒแƒ‘แƒ“แƒ. แƒ—แƒฃแƒ›แƒชแƒ แƒ›แƒ˜แƒกแƒ˜ แƒ›แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒ’แƒแƒขแƒแƒชแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ แƒ˜แƒกแƒขแƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒ›แƒจแƒแƒ‘แƒšแƒแƒก, แƒฅแƒแƒ แƒ—แƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒ”แƒœแƒ˜แƒก แƒจแƒ”แƒกแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ‘ แƒชแƒœแƒแƒ‘แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก แƒจแƒ”แƒ’แƒ แƒแƒ•แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ แƒ’แƒแƒฎแƒ“แƒ. แƒ’แƒ”แƒ แƒ›แƒแƒœแƒ˜แƒแƒจแƒ˜ แƒ›แƒงแƒแƒคแƒ˜ แƒจแƒ”แƒ›แƒ—แƒฎแƒ•แƒ”แƒ•แƒ˜แƒ— แƒจแƒ”แƒฎแƒ•แƒ“แƒ แƒฅแƒแƒ แƒ—แƒ•แƒ”แƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒก แƒ“แƒ แƒ›แƒแƒ—แƒ’แƒแƒœ แƒ’แƒแƒ˜แƒ’แƒ, แƒ แƒแƒ› แƒแƒ แƒกแƒ”แƒ‘แƒแƒ‘แƒ“แƒ แƒฅแƒแƒ แƒ—แƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒแƒœแƒ‘แƒแƒœแƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒแƒ› แƒ”แƒœแƒแƒ–แƒ” แƒจแƒ”แƒฅแƒ›แƒœแƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ˜ แƒšแƒ˜แƒขแƒ”แƒ แƒแƒขแƒฃแƒ แƒ. แƒงแƒแƒ•แƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒแƒกแƒ”แƒ—แƒ˜ แƒจแƒ”แƒฎแƒ•แƒ”แƒ“แƒ แƒ แƒ—แƒฃ แƒ˜แƒœแƒคแƒแƒ แƒ›แƒแƒชแƒ˜แƒ แƒแƒฐแƒ›แƒ”แƒ“แƒก แƒฃแƒคแƒ แƒ แƒแƒฆแƒแƒ’แƒ–แƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ“แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒ˜แƒœแƒขแƒ”แƒ แƒ”แƒกแƒก แƒฃแƒฆแƒ•แƒ˜แƒ•แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ“แƒ. แƒ™แƒฃแƒšแƒขแƒฃแƒ แƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒ™แƒแƒ•แƒจแƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜แƒก แƒ’แƒแƒ‘แƒ›แƒ แƒ˜แƒกแƒขแƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒฃแƒš แƒกแƒแƒ›แƒจแƒแƒ‘แƒšแƒแƒกแƒ—แƒแƒœ - แƒ”แƒก แƒ˜แƒงแƒ แƒ›แƒ˜แƒกแƒ˜ แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒ•แƒแƒฌแƒ”แƒแƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒ›แƒ˜แƒ–แƒแƒœแƒ˜. แƒ’แƒฃแƒ แƒฏแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก แƒ—แƒ•แƒ˜แƒ—แƒ›แƒงแƒแƒคแƒแƒ“แƒแƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก แƒจแƒ”แƒœแƒแƒ แƒฉแƒฃแƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒกแƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒกแƒแƒ—แƒ•แƒ˜แƒก แƒ“แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ˜ แƒจแƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ แƒ’แƒแƒกแƒฌแƒ˜แƒ. 1968 แƒฌแƒ”แƒšแƒก แƒ›แƒแƒœ แƒ—แƒฃแƒ แƒฅแƒฃแƒš แƒ”แƒœแƒแƒ–แƒ” แƒ“แƒแƒ‘แƒ”แƒญแƒ“แƒ แƒฌแƒ˜แƒ’แƒœแƒ˜ โ€แƒ’แƒฃแƒ แƒฏแƒ˜แƒกแƒขแƒแƒœแƒ˜ - แƒ™แƒฃแƒšแƒขแƒฃแƒ แƒ, แƒฎแƒ”แƒšแƒแƒ•แƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ, แƒšแƒ˜แƒขแƒ”แƒ แƒแƒขแƒฃแƒ แƒ, แƒ˜แƒกแƒขแƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒ, แƒคแƒแƒšแƒ™แƒšแƒแƒ แƒ˜.โ€ แƒกแƒฌแƒแƒ แƒ”แƒ“ แƒแƒ› แƒ’แƒแƒ›แƒแƒชแƒ”แƒ›แƒ˜แƒ— แƒจแƒ”แƒ˜แƒขแƒงแƒ แƒฃแƒแƒ›แƒ แƒแƒ•แƒ›แƒ แƒ’แƒฃแƒ แƒฏแƒ›แƒ แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒ˜ แƒฌแƒแƒ แƒ›แƒแƒ›แƒแƒ•แƒšแƒแƒ‘แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒ˜แƒกแƒขแƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒ›แƒจแƒแƒ‘แƒšแƒแƒก แƒแƒ แƒกแƒ”แƒ‘แƒแƒ‘แƒ. 980 แƒฌแƒ”แƒšแƒก 5 แƒ˜แƒ•แƒšแƒ˜แƒกแƒก แƒฅแƒแƒšแƒแƒฅ แƒ‘แƒฃแƒ แƒกแƒแƒจแƒ˜, แƒแƒฐแƒ›แƒ”แƒ“ แƒ›แƒ”แƒšแƒแƒจแƒ•แƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ—แƒฃแƒ แƒฅแƒฃแƒšแƒ˜ แƒฃแƒšแƒขแƒ แƒ-แƒœแƒแƒชแƒ˜แƒแƒœแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒกแƒขแƒฃแƒ แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒแƒฏแƒ’แƒฃแƒคแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒก โ€žแƒ แƒฃแƒฎแƒ˜ แƒ›แƒ’แƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒกโ€œ แƒแƒฅแƒขแƒ˜แƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒขแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ›แƒ แƒ›แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ”แƒก. แƒ•แƒแƒŸแƒ˜แƒจแƒ•แƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ˜แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜แƒ แƒ›แƒซแƒ˜แƒ›แƒ”แƒ“ แƒ“แƒแƒ˜แƒญแƒ แƒ. แƒจแƒ”แƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒ’ แƒ›แƒแƒ›แƒ˜แƒก แƒกแƒแƒฅแƒ›แƒ˜แƒแƒœแƒแƒ‘แƒแƒก แƒ›แƒ˜แƒกแƒ˜ แƒจแƒ•แƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ - แƒ˜แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜แƒ แƒ›แƒ”แƒšแƒแƒจแƒ•แƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ แƒฉแƒแƒฃแƒ“แƒ’แƒ แƒกแƒแƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒ”แƒจแƒ˜. แƒแƒฐแƒ›แƒ”แƒ“ แƒแƒ–แƒฅแƒแƒœ-แƒ›แƒ”แƒšแƒแƒจแƒ•แƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒคแƒ”แƒš แƒฐแƒแƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜แƒ”แƒจแƒ˜ แƒ’แƒแƒœแƒ˜แƒกแƒ•แƒ”แƒœแƒ”แƒ‘แƒก. แƒ›แƒ˜แƒก แƒกแƒแƒคแƒšแƒแƒ•แƒก แƒ—แƒฃแƒ แƒฅแƒฃแƒš แƒ“แƒ แƒฅแƒแƒ แƒ—แƒฃแƒš แƒ”แƒœแƒแƒ–แƒ” แƒแƒฌแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜แƒ: โ€žแƒ›แƒ” แƒ•แƒ˜แƒชแƒฎแƒแƒ•แƒ แƒ” แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒ˜ แƒฎแƒแƒšแƒฎแƒ˜แƒกแƒแƒ—แƒ•แƒ˜แƒก แƒ“แƒ แƒแƒ แƒ แƒฃแƒ™แƒ•แƒ“แƒแƒ•แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒกแƒแƒ—แƒ•แƒ˜แƒก

    Effectiveness of an intervention to reduce sickness absence in patients with emotional distress or minor mental disorders: A randomized controlled effectiveness trial

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    OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an activating intervention designed to reduce sick leave duration in patients with emotional distress or minor mental disorders. METHOD: In a 1.5-year randomized controlled trial, 194 patients with minor mental disorders received either an experimental intervention by social workers or general practitioners' usual care. The intervention focused on understanding causes, developing and implementing problem-solving strategies and promoting early work resumption. Outcome measures were sick leave duration, mental health and physical health (questionnaires included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire and SF-36), all measured at baseline at and 3, 6 and 18 months later. Multilevel analyses were used to evaluate differences between groups. RESULTS: The groups did not differ significantly on any of the outcome measures, except that the experimental group reported higher satisfaction with treatment. CONCLUSION: Although the intervention has benefits, it was not successful at its primary goal (i.e., to reduce sick leave duration in patients with emotional distress or minor mental disorders). Programs aimed at the reduction of sick leave duration may yield better results if targeted at patients with more severe emotional problems than at those with exclusively emotional distress or minor mental disorders, or if delivered by caregivers who are closer to the work environment than are social workers, such as occupational physicians

    Gepaste zorg voor mensen met angst of depressie.

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    Predicting return to work in employees sick-listed due to minor mental disorders.

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    Objective: To investigate which factors predict return to work (RTW) after 3 and 6 months in employees sick-listed due to minor mental disorders. Methods: Seventy GPs recruited 194 subjects at the start of sick leave due to minor mental disorders. At baseline (T0), 3 and 6 months later (T1 and T2, respectively), subjects received a questionnaire and were interviewed by telephone. Using multivariate logistic regression analyses, we developed three prediction models to predict RTW at T1 and T2. Results The RTW rates were 38% after 3 months (T1) and 61% after 6 months (T2). The main negative predictors of RTW at T1 were: (a) a duration of the problems of more than 3 months before sick leave; and (b) somatisation. The main negative predictors of RTW at T2 were: (a) a duration of the problems of more than 3 months before sick leave; (b) more than 3 weeks of sick leave before inclusion in the study; and (c) anxiety. The main negative predictors of RTW at T2 for those who had not resumed work at T1 were: (a) more than 3 weeks of sick leave before inclusion in the study; and (b) depression at T1. The predictive power of the models was moderate with AUC-values between 0.695 and 0.763. Conclusions: The main predictors of RTW were associated with the severity of the problems. A long duration of the problems before the occurrence of sick leave and a long duration of sick leave before seeking help predict a relatively small probability to RTW within 3โ€“6 months. High baseline somatisation and anxiety, and high depression after 3 months make the prospect even worse. Since these predictors are readily assessable with just a few questions and a symptom questionnaire, this opens the opportunity to select high-risk employees for a targeted intervention to prevent long-term absenteeism. (aut. ref.
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