6,714 research outputs found
Constraint-preserving boundary conditions in the 3+1 first-order approach
A set of energy-momentum constraint-preserving boundary conditions is
proposed for the first-order Z4 case. The stability of a simple numerical
implementation is tested in the linear regime (robust stability test), both
with the standard corner and vertex treatment and with a modified
finite-differences stencil for boundary points which avoids corners and
vertices even in cartesian-like grids. Moreover, the proposed boundary
conditions are tested in a strong field scenario, the Gowdy waves metric,
showing the expected rate of convergence. The accumulated amount of
energy-momentum constraint violations is similar or even smaller than the one
generated by either periodic or reflection conditions, which are exact in the
Gowdy waves case. As a side theoretical result, a new symmetrizer is explicitly
given, which extends the parametric domain of symmetric hyperbolicity for the
Z4 formalism. The application of these results to first-order BSSN-like
formalisms is also considered.Comment: Revised version, with conclusive numerical evidence. 23 pages, 12
figure
Identifying Agile Requirements Engineering Patterns in Industry
Agile Software Development (ASD) is gaining in popularity in today´s business world. Industry is adopting agile methodologies both to accelerate value delivery and to enhance the ability to deal with changing requirements. However, ASD has a great impact on how Requirements Engineering (RE) is carried out in agile environments. The integration of Human-Centered Design (HCD) plays an important role due to the focus on user and stakeholder involvement. To this end, we aim to introduce agile RE patterns as main objective of this paper. On the one hand, we will describe our pattern mining process based on empirical research in literature and industry. On the other hand, we will discuss our results and provide two examples of agile RE patterns. In sum, the pattern mining process identifies 41 agile RE patterns. The accumulated knowledge will be shared by means of a web application.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2013-46928-C3-3-RMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2016-76956-C3-2-RMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2015-71938-RED
The Contribution of the Light Quark Condensate to the Pion-Nucleon Sigma Term
There has been a discrepancy between values of the pion-nucleon sigma term
extracted by two different methods for many years. Analysis of recent high
precision pion-nucleon data has widened the gap between the two determinations.
It is argued that the two extractions correspond to different quantities and
that the difference between them can be understood and calculated.Comment: Modern Physics Letters A (in press
On the well posedness of the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura formulation of Einstein's field equations
We give a well posed initial value formulation of the
Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura form of Einstein's equations with gauge
conditions given by a Bona-Masso like slicing condition for the lapse and a
frozen shift. This is achieved by introducing extra variables and recasting the
evolution equations into a first order symmetric hyperbolic system. We also
consider the presence of artificial boundaries and derive a set of boundary
conditions that guarantee that the resulting initial-boundary value problem is
well posed, though not necessarily compatible with the constraints. In the case
of dynamical gauge conditions for the lapse and shift we obtain a class of
evolution equations which are strongly hyperbolic and so yield well posed
initial value formulations
3D simulations of Einstein's equations: symmetric hyperbolicity, live gauges and dynamic control of the constraints
We present three-dimensional simulations of Einstein equations implementing a
symmetric hyperbolic system of equations with dynamical lapse. The numerical
implementation makes use of techniques that guarantee linear numerical
stability for the associated initial-boundary value problem. The code is first
tested with a gauge wave solution, where rather larger amplitudes and for
significantly longer times are obtained with respect to other state of the art
implementations. Additionally, by minimizing a suitably defined energy for the
constraints in terms of free constraint-functions in the formulation one can
dynamically single out preferred values of these functions for the problem at
hand. We apply the technique to fully three-dimensional simulations of a
stationary black hole spacetime with excision of the singularity, considerably
extending the lifetime of the simulations.Comment: 21 pages. To appear in PR
The discrete energy method in numerical relativity: Towards long-term stability
The energy method can be used to identify well-posed initial boundary value
problems for quasi-linear, symmetric hyperbolic partial differential equations
with maximally dissipative boundary conditions. A similar analysis of the
discrete system can be used to construct stable finite difference equations for
these problems at the linear level. In this paper we apply these techniques to
some test problems commonly used in numerical relativity and observe that while
we obtain convergent schemes, fast growing modes, or ``artificial
instabilities,'' contaminate the solution. We find that these growing modes can
partially arise from the lack of a Leibnitz rule for discrete derivatives and
discuss ways to limit this spurious growth.Comment: 18 pages, 22 figure
\u3cem\u3eIn Situ\u3c/em\u3e Rumen Degradability of Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars Differing in Ploidy and Heading Date in Ireland
Grazed grass is the predominant feed in Irish dairy and beef cattle production systems. Knowledge of the degradability characteristics of protein in Irish forages is necessary for the establishment of protein values (PDIE and PDIN values) for these. This knowledge would also facilitate more accurate formulation of supplements for grass diets with the potential to reduce nitrogen (N) excretion
On the extraction of electromagnetic properties of the Delta(1232) excitation from pion photoproduction
Several methods for the treatment of pion photoproduction in the region of
the Delta(1232) resonance are discussed, in particular the effective Lagrangian
approach and the speed plot analysis are compared to a dynamical treatment. As
a main topic, we discuss the extraction of the genuine resonance parts of the
magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole multipoles of the electromagnetic
excitation of the resonance. To this end, we try to relate the various values
for the ratio R_{EM} of the E2 to M1 multipole excitation strengths for the
Delta(1232) resonance as extracted by the different methods to corresponding
ratios of a dynamical model. Moreover, it is confirmed that all methods for
extracting resonance properties suffer from an unitary ambiguity which is due
to some phenomenological contributions entering the models.Comment: 22 pages revtex including 7 postscript figure
Meeting Overview: Interferon Lambda - Disease Impact and Therapeutic Potential
A meeting entitled, Interferon Lambda: Disease Impact and Translational Potential, was held on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, on October 25-26, 2018. To our knowledge, this was the first meeting that focused exclusively on interferon lambda (IFN-λ). The meeting\u27s purpose was to enhance interdisciplinary communication and promote new collaborations. The gathering brought together an international group of scientists from a wide range of disciplines. Sessions included: IFN-λ Biology, Therapy and Genetic Variation; IFN-λ and Hepatitis C Virus Infection; IFN-λ in Other Infections; and IFN-λ - Hepatic Fibrosis and Cancer. The next meeting on IFN-λ is planned for 2020
The Effect of Nitrogen Fertiliser and Season on the \u3cem\u3ein Situ\u3c/em\u3e Degradability of Irish Perennial Ryegrass in Cattle
In light of increasing environmental and economic pressure on agriculture to utilise resources more efficiently, protein feeding and its effects are fundamentally important. As grazed grass is the predominant feed in Irish dairy and beef cattle production systems, it is necessary to establish protein values for different grass varieties and cultivars fed. It is also important to investigate the extent of ruminal nitrogen (N) degradability for these grasses since this characteristic greatly influences environmentally damaging urinary N excretion
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