Experience in feeding coal into a liquefaction process development unit

A system for preparing coal slurry and feeding it into a high pressure liquefaction plant is described. The system was developed to provide supporting research and development for the Bureau of Mines coal liquefaction pilot plant. Operating experiences are included

Influence of strain on anisotropic thermoelectric transport of Bi2_2Te3_3 and Sb2_2Te3_3

On the basis of detailed first-principles calculations and semi-classical Boltzmann transport, the anisotropic thermoelectric transport properties of Bi$_2$Te$_3$ and Sb$_2$Te$_3$ under strain were investigated. It was found that due to compensation effects of the strain dependent thermopower and electrical conductivity, the related powerfactor will decrease under applied in-plane strain for Bi$_2$Te$_3, while being stable for Sb$_2$Te$_3$. A clear preference for thermoelectric transport under hole-doping, as well as for the in-plane transport direction was found for both tellurides. In contrast to the electrical conductivity anisotropy, the anisotropy of the thermopower was almost robust under applied strain. The assumption of an anisotropic relaxation time for Bi$_2$Te$_3$ suggests, that already in the single crystalline system strong anisotropic scattering effects should play a role

Lorenz function of Bi2_{2}Te3_{3}/Sb2_{2}Te3_{3} superlattices

Combining first principles density functional theory and semi-classical Boltzmann transport, the anisotropic Lorenz function was studied for thermoelectric Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$/Sb$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ superlattices and their bulk constituents. It was found that already for the bulk materials Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ and Sb$_{2}$Te$_{3}$, the Lorenz function is not a pellucid function on charge carrier concentration and temperature. For electron-doped Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$/Sb$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ superlattices large oscillatory deviations for the Lorenz function from the metallic limit were found even at high charge carrier concentrations. The latter can be referred to quantum well effects, which occur at distinct superlattice periods

Reflection of electrons from a domain wall in magnetic nanojunctions

Electronic transport through thin and laterally constrained domain walls in ferromagnetic nanojunctions is analyzed theoretically. The description is formulated in the basis of scattering states. The resistance of the domain wall is calculated in the regime of strong electron reflection from the wall. It is shown that the corresponding magnetoresistance can be large, which is in a qualitative agreement with recent experimental observations. We also calculate the spin current flowing through the wall and the spin polarization of electron gas due to reflections from the domain wall.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Thermoelectric transport in Bi2Te3/Sb2Te3\text{Bi}_2\text{Te}_3/\text{Sb}_2\text{Te}_3 superlattices

The thermoelectric transport properties of $\text{Bi}_2\text{Te}_3/\text{Sb}_2\text{Te}_3$superlattices are analyzed on the basis of first-principles calculations and semi-classical Boltzmann theory. The anisotropy of the thermoelectric transport under electron and hole-doping was studied in detail for different superlattice periods at changing temperature and charge carrier concentrations. A clear preference for thermoelectric transport under hole-doping, as well as for the in-plane transport direction was found for all superlattice periods. At hole-doping the electrical transport anisotropies remain bulk-like for all investigated systems, while under electron-doping quantum confinement leads to strong suppression of the cross-plane thermoelectric transport at several superlattice periods. In addition, insights on the Lorenz function, the electronic contribution to the thermal conductivity and the resulting figure of merit are given

Международные непатентованные наименования биологических и биотехнологических лекарственных средств

The article presents generalized information about the program of the World Health Organization (WHO) related to International Nonproprietary Names (INN) of biological and biotechnological drugs. It reflects general principles for selecting INN for biological and biotechnological preparations, immunoglobulins (sera), preparations for gene therapy, glycosylated proteins and peptides, non-glycosylated proteins peptides and proteins, hybrid proteins, blood preparations, monoclonal antibodies, skin substitutes, transgenic products, vaccines, biosimilars. The conclusion was made about the need for an early solution to the global problem of assigning INN to biological and biotechnological drugs, while the number of authorized products remains relatively small.Представлена обобщенная информация о программе Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ) по международным непатентованным наименованиям (МНН) биологических и биотехнологических лекарственных средств. Отражены общие принципы выбора МНН для биологических и биотехнологических препаратов, иммуноглобулинов (сывороток), препаратов генной терапии, гликозилированных белков и пептидов, негликозилированных белков и пептидов, гибридных белков, препаратов крови, моноклональных антител, заменителей кожи, трансгенных продуктов, вакцин, биоаналоговых лекарственных препаратов. Сделан вывод о необходимости скорейшего решения глобальной проблемы присвоения МНН биологическим и биотехнологическим препаратам, пока число зарегистрированных препаратов является относительно небольшим

Atomic Energy Commission Report NYO-2978-34

From abstract: The concept of using high intensity beta radiation from an isotopic source, Sr-90, inside a high temperature, high pressure chemical reactor has been developed for potential radiation chemical processes. Distinct advantages include high utilizable intensity from a relatively small source with a minimum of shielding against external radiation