क्रोमसोम मोड तकनीक से ट्रिप्लाइड खाद्य शुक्ति का उत्पादन

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

HIBISCUS ROSA SINENSIS LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES AND IN VIVO WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

Objective: The objective of the present research was to investigate the wound-healing potency of solid lipid nano particles of Hibiscus rosa sinensis extract. Crude herbal extracts and rudimentary formulations containing herbal extracts are good for demonstrating the feasibility of the concept; however, such formulations suffer with poor oral bioavailability and variability within groups of subjects. Converting herbal extracts into novel drug delivery systems may prove effective in addressing some of these problems. Methods: In the present study an attempt was made to develop Hibiscus rosa sinensis extract loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (HSLNs) using lipids glycerol monostearate (GMS) or beeswax. The prepared HSLNs were characterised for their size, surface charge and morphology. The optimized HSLNs were incorporated into Carbopol gel and tested for wound healing activity in male Wistar albino rats using excision wound model. Results: HSLNs of ~175 nm in size carrying negative charge were obtained with the optimised procedure using beeswax. The shape of the HSLNs was nearly spherical. The HSLNs (10 mg/ml) treated wounds healed much faster compared to raw crude extract and healing was comparable to marketed preparation. Conclusion: It is concluded that converting crude herbal extracts into SLNs can be an effective way to enhance the effectiveness of herbal extracts and their in vivo activity

Induction and evaluation of triploidy in edible oyster, Crassostrea madrasensis (Preston) - an approach to enhance bivalve aquaculture

Induced triploidy can be used for enhancing production of commercially valuable bivalve species. Triploid individuals, having an extra set of chromosomes (3n) typically exhibit reduced gametogenic activity leading to better growth since the energy used for reproduction is reallocated for somatic growth. In India, research on genetic manipulation of the edible oyster, Crassostrea madrasensis by triploidy inducement and assessment of triploid performance as a strategy to increase production has been underway since 1998. This article outlines the potential of using triploidy in bivalve culture for better returns

Growth of triploid oyster, Crassostrea madrasensis (Preston)

The performance of I and II meiotic triploids and control oysters (Crassostrea madrasensis) reared at Tuticorin Bay was compared to determine if the improvements in the growth of edible oysters were additive to faster growth in triploids. After a grow-out period of 12 months, both mean whole weights and shell heights were in order Imeiotic triploid4IImeiotic triploid control. Mean whole weights and shell height of diferent oyster lines were all signi¢cantly different (Po0.05). On an average, larger morphological traits indicated that growth improvements from triploids were additive, and throughout the study triploid oystersmaintained faster growth rate than their diploid siblings. Condition index and adductormuscle diameter of both triploids were higher than those of control

Induction of Triploidy in Indian Edible Oyster Crassostrea madrasensis (Preston) Using 6-Dimethylaminopurine

Triploidy was induced in the Indian edible oyster Crassostrea madrasensis, by treating the newly fertilized eggs with 6-Dimethylaminopurine.The effect of different concentrations and durations of treatment on triploidy induction and survival of embryos were examined. The optimum condition was found to be 100 μM concentration of 6-DMAP for 8 minutes when 50% of the freshly fertilized eggs have extruded the first polar bodies. This yielded 67±1.7 % of triploid on the first day and 62±1.5% on the D-stage larvae as determined by examination of the metaphase chromosomes. Survivability among the different treatment groups at D stage were not significantly different. This is the first demonstration of induction of triploidy in Crassostrea madrasensis using 6-DMAP and since edible oyster farming is becoming increasingly popular in India, application of this technique in the production of culture stock assumes importance

DRUG RESISTANCE PATTERNS OF CLINICAL ISOLATES OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF SOUTH INDIA

Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus were initially described in 1961 and emerged in the last decade as one of the most important nosocomial pathogens. The current study was undertaken to provide data for empirical selection of appropriate antibiotics for the treatment of diseases caused by S. aureus. Methods: Various clinical samples like pus, urine, stool, sputum, blood and other body fluids of patients were selected for study from June 2012 to June 2013. Staphylococcus aureus were identified by various biochemical tests and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates were performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Detection of the MRSA was done by Oxacillin disc diffusion method.Results: A total of 137 isolates of S. aureus were obtained over duration of 12 months. These included isolates from the sample of pus, urine, sputum, body fluids. Out of 137 S. aureus strains isolated, 62 (45.3%) were identified as MRSA and 75 (54.7%) were identified as MSSA based on oxacillin disk diffusion method. Anti-biograms revealed the high level of resistance among MRSA isolates when compared to MSSA isolates The most effective agent against MRSA isolates was linezolid (96.8%sensitive), followed by tetracycline (90.9%) and piperacillin/tazobactam (80.6%).Conclusion: The prevalence of MRSA in our hospital was high. Therefore to reduce the incidence of infections due to MRSA, we suggest implementation of the strict antibiotic policy guidelines and continuous monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility patterns of such pathogens.Â

Automatic license plate recognition using pre-processing methods

In this paper, we present a method to automatically detect a vehiclersquos number by usingnbsp pre-processing techniques. We also include image enhancement techniques, edge detection methods, morphological methods including image filling and some techniques like image filling. This paper provides an advantage of effective detection of more number of vehicles compared to the detection using edge detection methods.nbs

Effect of temperature on polar body formation in the edible oyster, Crassostrea madrasensis

Freshly fertilized eggs of edible oyster Crassostrea madrasensis were maintained at temperatures of 23,29 and 31°C and the biological developments were viewed under a light microscope to monitor the kinetics of polar body extrusion at these temperatures. Time of release of fifty percent of polar bodies at 23"C, 28°C and 31°C were 18,16 and 15 minutes post fertilization respectively, indicating the temperature dependence of this event

Performance of triploid edible oyster Crassostrea madrasensis (Preston): gonad development and biochemical composition

One of the most important parameters for successful commercial exploitation of bivalves is a need for fast growth. The potential for increased growth, meat yield and quality are the main advantages of triploid oysters. Triploid organisms have a limited capacity to develop gonads and thus are considered sterile or partially sterile and are useful and advantageous in shellfish aquaculture. Oysters occur all along the Indian coasts in backwaters, bays and estuaries. The edible oyster Crassostrea madrasensis is a commercially important bivalve distributed all along the east and west coasts of India and the edible oyster farming is becoming increasingly popular. C. madrasensis is a suitable species for culture because of faster growth rate and tolerance to wide range of salinity. The present study compares triploid and diploid edible oysters (C. madrasensis) of the same age, grown under similar conditions for one year to determine the accumulation of biochemical reserves at first maturation. Triploid edible oysters were produced by treating newly fertilized eggs with 6-Dimethyl amino purine (6-DMAP). Stunted growth of gonads was seen in triploids while in diploids both ovaries and testis were functional. Higher levels of total carbohydrate (including glycogen 20.25% in meiotic I triploids and 18.78% in meiotic II triploids over 12.95% in diploids) has a major role in increasing the superior performance of triploids. Meat quality is also expected to be higher in triploids

Triploidy induction and confirmation in the edible oyster Crassosfrea madrasensis

This paper presents the protocols standardized for producing triploid edible oyster, Crassostrea madrasensis by retention of I1 polar body (MI1 triploids), using physical (heat and cold shocks) and chemical agents (Cytochalasin B and 6-Dimethylaminopurine), as well as the protocol for preparation of metaphase spreads for cytological confirmation of triploidy and estimation of its percentage. Among the four inducing agents tried, 6-Dimethylaminopurine yielded highest percentage of triploids (66.6 in day old and 61.82 in "D" stage larvae)