2,174 research outputs found
Stochastic method for in-situ damage analysis
Based on the physics of stochastic processes we present a new approach for
structural health monitoring. We show that the new method allows for an in-situ
analysis of the elastic features of a mechanical structure even for realistic
excitations with correlated noise as it appears in real-world situations. In
particular an experimental set-up of undamaged and damaged beam structures was
exposed to a noisy excitation under turbulent wind conditions. The method of
reconstructing stochastic equations from measured data has been extended to
realistic noisy excitations like those given here. In our analysis the
deterministic part is separated from the stochastic dynamics of the system and
we show that the slope of the deterministic part, which is linked to mechanical
features of the material, changes sensitively with increasing damage. The
results are more significant than corresponding changes in eigenfrequencies, as
commonly used for structural health monitoring.Comment: This paper is accepted by European Physical Journal B on November 2.
2012. 5 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Virtual Campus – Trends and Perspectives in Germany
In the last few years in Germany virtual campus initiatives have been funded considerably. In our paper we will give a review of comments and recommendations of the advisory boards in higher education policy and of the various funding schemes on the level of the federal states and the federal government. An analysis of the current program „New Media in Education” indicates trends of possible developments as well as hindrances in the virtualization of higher educationIn: A.J. Kallenberg and M.J.J.M. van de Ven (Eds), 2002, The New Educational Benefits of ICT in Higher Education: Proceedings. Rotterdam: Erasmus Plus BV, OECR
ISBN 90-9016127-
Screening and assessment for post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS), guidance by personal pilots and support with individual digital trainings within intersectoral care: a study protocol of a randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND: Because the clinical patterns and symptoms that persist after a COVID-19 infection are diverse, a diagnosis of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) is difficult to implement. The current research project therefore aims to evaluate the feasibility and the practicability of a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and cross-sectoral treatment program consisting of a low-threshold online screening and holistic assessment for PACS. Furthermore, it aims to evaluate digital interventions and the use of so-called personal guides that may help to facilitate the recovery of PACS. METHODS: This German study consists of a low-threshold online screening for PACS where positively screened participants will be supported throughout by personal pilots. The personal pilots are aimed at empowering patients and helping them to navigate through the study and different treatment options. Patients will then be randomly assigned either to an intervention group (IG) or an active control group (ACG). The IG will receive a comprehensive assessment of physiological and psychological functioning to inform future treatment. The ACG does not receive the assessment but both groups will receive a treatment consisting of an individual digital treatment program (digital intervention platform and an intervention via a chatbot). This digital intervention is based on the needs identified during the assessment for participants in the IG. Compared to that, the ACG will receive a more common digital treatment program aiming to reduce PACS symptoms. Importantly, a third comparison group (CompG) will be recruited that does not receive any treatment. A propensity score matching will take place, ensuring comparability between the participants. Primary endpoints of the study are symptom reduction and return to work. Secondary outcomes comprise, for example, social participation and activities in daily life. Furthermore, the feasibility and applicability of the online screening tool, the holistic assessment, digital trainings, and personal pilots will be evaluated. DISCUSSION: This is one of the first large-scale studies to improve the diagnosis and the care of patients with PACS by means of empowerment. It is to be evaluated whether the methods utilized can be used for the German and international population. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05238415; date of registration: February 14, 2022
Multiple scaling regimes in simple aging models
We investigate aging in glassy systems based on a simple model, where a point
in configuration space performs thermally activated jumps between the minima of
a random energy landscape. The model allows us to show explicitly a subaging
behavior and multiple scaling regimes for the correlation function. Both the
exponents characterizing the scaling of the different relaxation times with the
waiting time and those characterizing the asymptotic decay of the scaling
functions are obtained analytically by invoking a `partial equilibrium'
concept.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Face the Music and Glance: How Nonverbal Behaviour Aids Human Robot Relationships Based in Music
It is our hypothesis that improvised musical interaction will be able to provide the extended engagement often failing others during long term Human Robot Interaction (HRI) trials. Our previous work found that simply framing sessions with their drumming robot Mortimer as social interactions increased both social presence and engagement, two factors we feel are crucial to developing and maintaining a positive and meaningful relationship between human and robot. For this study we investigate the inclusion of the additional social modalities, namely head pose and facial expression, as nonverbal behaviour has been shown to be an important conveyor of information in both social and musical contexts. Following a 6 week experimental study using automatic behavioural metrics, results demonstrate those subjected to nonverbal behaviours not only spent more time voluntarily with the robot, but actually increased the time they spent as the trial progressed. Further, that they interrupted the robot less during social interactions and played for longer uninterrupted. Conversely, they also looked at the robot less in both musical and social contexts. We take these results as support for open ended musical activity providing a solid grounding for human robot relationships and the improvement of this by the inclusion of appropriate nonverbal behaviours
Fluctuation-dissipation relations in trap models
Trap models are intuitively appealing and often solvable models of glassy
dynamics. In particular, they have been used to study aging and the resulting
out-of-equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation relations between correlations and
response functions. In this note I show briefly that one such relation, first
given by Bouchaud and Dean, is valid for a general class of mean-field trap
models: it relies only on the way a perturbation affects the transition rates,
but is independent of the distribution of trap depths and the form of the
unperturbed transition rates, and holds for all observables that are
uncorrelated with the energy. The model with Glauber dynamics and an
exponential distribution of trap depths, as considered by Barrat and Mezard,
does not fall into this class if the perturbation is introduced in the standard
way by shifting all trap energies. I show that a similar relation between
response and correlation nevertheless holds for the out-of-equilibrium dynamics
at low temperatures. The results point to intriguing parallels between trap
models with energetic and entropic barriers.Comment: Extended introduction and discussion of relation to results of
cond-mat/0303445. 13 pages, 2 figures, IOP styl
Anomalous diffusion, Localization, Aging and Sub-aging effects in trap models at very low temperature
We study in details the dynamics of the one dimensional symmetric trap model,
via a real-space renormalization procedure which becomes exact in the limit of
zero temperature. In this limit, the diffusion front in each sample consists in
two delta peaks, which are completely out of equilibrium with each other. The
statistics of the positions and weights of these delta peaks over the samples
allows to obtain explicit results for all observables in the limit .
We first compute disorder averages of one-time observables, such as the
diffusion front, the thermal width, the localization parameters, the
two-particle correlation function, and the generating function of thermal
cumulants of the position. We then study aging and sub-aging effects : our
approach reproduces very simply the two different aging exponents and yields
explicit forms for scaling functions of the various two-time correlations. We
also extend the RSRG method to include systematic corrections to the previous
zero temperature procedure via a series expansion in . We then consider the
generalized trap model with parameter and obtain that the
large scale effective model at low temperature does not depend on in
any dimension, so that the only observables sensitive to are those
that measure the `local persistence', such as the probability to remain exactly
in the same trap during a time interval. Finally, we extend our approach at a
scaling level for the trap model in and obtain the two relevant time
scales for aging properties.Comment: 33 pages, 3 eps figure
Aging in the random energy model
In this letter we announce rigorous results on the phenomenon of aging in the
Glauber dynamics of the random energy model and their relation to Bouchaud's
'REM-like' trap model. We show that, below the critical temperature, if we
consider a time-scale that diverges with the system size in such a way that
equilibrium is almost, but not quite reached on that scale, a suitably defined
autocorrelation function has the same asymptotic behaviour than its analog in
the trap model.Comment: 4pp, P
Wind Energy and the Turbulent Nature of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Wind turbines operate in the atmospheric boundary layer, where they are
exposed to the turbulent atmospheric flows. As the response time of wind
turbine is typically in the range of seconds, they are affected by the small
scale intermittent properties of the turbulent wind. Consequently, basic
features which are known for small-scale homogeneous isotropic turbulence, and
in particular the well-known intermittency problem, have an important impact on
the wind energy conversion process. We report on basic research results
concerning the small-scale intermittent properties of atmospheric flows and
their impact on the wind energy conversion process. The analysis of wind data
shows strongly intermittent statistics of wind fluctuations. To achieve
numerical modeling a data-driven superposition model is proposed. For the
experimental reproduction and adjustment of intermittent flows a so-called
active grid setup is presented. Its ability is shown to generate reproducible
properties of atmospheric flows on the smaller scales of the laboratory
conditions of a wind tunnel. As an application example the response dynamics of
different anemometer types are tested. To achieve a proper understanding of the
impact of intermittent turbulent inflow properties on wind turbines we present
methods of numerical and stochastic modeling, and compare the results to
measurement data. As a summarizing result we find that atmospheric turbulence
imposes its intermittent features on the complete wind energy conversion
process. Intermittent turbulence features are not only present in atmospheric
wind, but are also dominant in the loads on the turbine, i.e. rotor torque and
thrust, and in the electrical power output signal. We conclude that profound
knowledge of turbulent statistics and the application of suitable numerical as
well as experimental methods are necessary to grasp these unique features (...)Comment: Accepted by the Journal of Turbulence on May 17, 201
Two Physically Distinct Populations of Low-Ionization Nuclear Emission-Line Regions
The nature of Low-ionization Nuclear Emission-line Regions (LINERs) has been
an open question for a long time. We study the properties of LINERs from
several different aspects. The LINERs are found to consist of two different
categories that can be clearly separated in the traditional BPT diagrams,
especially in the [OI]/Ha vs. [OIII]/Hb diagram. LINERs with high [O]/Ha ratios
(population I) differ from ones with low ratios (population II) in several
properties. Broad emission lines are only identified in the spectra of
population I LINERs. While only the population II LINERs show luminous infrared
emission and occurrence of core-collapse supernovae in the host. Combining
these results with the known distribution of stellar populations not only
suggests that the two populations have different line excitation mechanisms,
but also implies that they are at different evolutionary stages.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJ Lette
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