Illuminating the place of personal values and Christian beliefs in teaching sensitive and controversial issues in personal social health education (PSHE) in South East England: a life history approach

Christian teachers of Personal social health education (PSHE) can be conflicted when confronted with sensitive and controversial issues in their professional practice. Concerns include unprofessional conduct, exercising undue influence of their personal values and beliefs on students and being untrue to their faith. These can lead to uncertainty in negotiating areas of conscience and controversy. This life history study situated within the south east of England was used to illuminate the complexities which abound when operating within a wider milieu of perceived marginalisation of the Christian faith through advancing secularisation and liberalism. These tensions are reflected in the curriculum, policy frameworks and legal documents and have implications for teachers’ personal values, Christian faith and professional practice. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 13 PSHE teachers and analysed for emergent themes, borrowing language from thematic, ethical and theological analysis. The research illuminates insights into a wider context of faith in professional life. It demonstrates the way teachers are in transition in these conflicts, yet understanding faith as a holistic quality. Findings show that the approaches that teachers adopt to the interpretation and application of faith in personal life influence how faith is integrated professionally. The conflicts confronted, reflect responses of resilience, compliance and rebellion, while some teachers remain unchanged in their positions. Analysis of the data suggested that discreetly integrating faith in practice is a coping strategy some teachers employ. My study suggests that silence can be a price to pay for faith, balancing courageous restraint with conflicting compromises and professional hypocrisy. The research captures teachers in transition located in professional practice obligations, ethical and theological positions as they negotiate and navigate the place of their Christian faith and personal values with students’ rights, freedoms and autonomy

Critical Behaviour of the Fuzzy Sphere

We study a multi-matrix model whose low temperature phase is a fuzzy sphere that undergoes an evaporation transition as the temperature is increased. We investigate finite size scaling of the system as the limiting temperature of stability of the fuzzy sphere phase is approached. We find on theoretical grounds that the system should obey scaling with specific heat exponent \alpha=1/2, shift exponent \bar \lambda=4/3 and that the peak in the specific heat grows with exponent \bar \omega=2/3. Using hybrid Monte Carlo simulations we find good collapse of specific heat data consistent with a scaling ansatz which give our best estimates for the scaling exponents as \alpha=0.50 \pm 0.01,\bar \lambda=1.41 \pm 0.08 and \bar \omega=0.66 \pm 0.08 .Comment: 30 pages, 10 figure

The DICEMAN description schemes for still images and video sequences

To address the problem of visual content description, two Description Schemes (DSs) developed within the context of a European ACTS project known as DICEMAN, are presented. The DSs, designed based on an analogy with well-known tools for document description, describe both the structure and semantics of still images and video sequences. The overall structure of both DSs including the various sub-DSs and descriptors (Ds) of which they are composed is described. In each case, the hierarchical sub-DS for describing structure can be constructed using automatic (or semi-automatic) image/video analysis tools. The hierarchical sub-DSs for describing the semantics, however, are constructed by a user. The integration of the two DSs into a video indexing application currently under development in DICEMAN is also briefly described.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Public health and landfill sites

Landfill management is a complex discipline, requiring very high levels of organisation, and considerable investment. Until the early 1990’s most Irish landfill sites were not managed to modern standards. Illegal landfill sites are, of course, usually not managed at all. Landfills are very active. The traditional idea of ‘put it in the ground and forget about it’ is entirely misleading. There is a lot of chemical and biological activity underground. This produces complex changes in the chemistry of the landfill, and of the emissions from the site. The main emissions of concern are landfill gases and contaminated water (which is known as leachate). Both of these emissions have complex and changing chemical compositions, and both depend critically on what has been put into the landfill. The gases spread mainly through the atmosphere, but also through the soil, while the leachate (the water) spreads through surface waters and the local groundwater. Essentially all unmanaged landfills will discharge large volumes of leachate into the local groundwater. In sites where the waste accepted has been properly regulated, and where no hazardous wastes are present, there is a lot known about the likely composition of this leachate and there is some knowledge of its likely biological and health effects. This is not the case for poorly regulated sites, where the composition of the waste accepted is unknown. It is possible to monitor the emissions from landfills, and to reduce some of the adverse health and environmental effects of these. These emissions, and hence the possible health effects, depend greatly on the content of the landfill, and on the details of the local geology and landscape. There is insufficient evidence to demonstrate a clear link between cancers and exposure to landfill, however, it is noted that there may be an association with adverse birth outcomes such as low birth weight and birth defects. It should be noted, however, that modern landfills, run in strict accordance with standard operation procedures, would have much less impact on the health of residents living in proximity to the site

Optimizing the assessment of suicidal behavior: the application of curtailment techniques

Background: Given their length, commonly used scales to assess suicide risk, such as the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) are of limited use as screening tools. In the current study we tested whether deterministic and stochastic curtailment can be applied to shorten the 19-item SSI, without compromising its accuracy. Methods: Data from 366 patients, who were seen by a liaison psychiatry service in a general hospital in Scotland after a suicide attempt, were used. Within 24 h of admission, the SSI was administered; 15 months later, it was determined whether a patient was re-admitted to a hospital as the result of another suicide attempt. We fitted a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve to derive the best cut-off value of the SSI for predicting future suicidal behavior. Using this cut-off, both deterministic and stochastic curtailment were simulated on the item score patterns of the SSI. Results: A cut-off value of SSI≥6 provided the best classification accuracy for future suicidal behavior. Using this cut-off, we found that both deterministic and stochastic curtailment reduce the length of the SSI, without reducing the accuracy of the final classification decision. With stochastic curtailment, on average, less than 8 items are needed to assess whether administration of the full-length test will result in an SSI score below or above the cut-off value of 6. Limitations: New studies using other datasets should re-validate the optimal cut-off for risk of repeated suicidal behavior after being treated in a hospital following an attempt. Conclusions: Curtailment can be used to simplify the assessment of suicidal behavior, and should be considered as an alternative to the full scale

Scalar and Spinor Field Actions on Fuzzy S4S^4: fuzzy CP3CP^3 as a SF2S^2_F bundle over SF4S^4_F

We present a manifestly Spin(5) invariant construction of squashed fuzzy $CP^3$ as a fuzzy $S^2$ bundle over fuzzy $S^4$. We develop the necessary projectors and exhibit the squashing in terms of the radii of the $S^2$ and $S^4$. Our analysis allows us give both scalar and spinor fuzzy action functionals whose low lying modes are truncated versions of those of a commutative $S^4$.Comment: 19 page

An investigation of the relationship between rumination styles, hope, and suicide ideation through the lens of the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behavior

To investigate the roles specific ruminative styles (brooding and reflection) and hope play in the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behavior. Participants were students from a large U.S. state university who were selectively sampled for the experience of recent suicide ideation. Results of a bootstrapped moderated mediation model indicated that defeat had a direct effect on suicide ideation but not an indirect effect on suicide ideation through entrapment. Brooding, but not reflection, strengthened the relationship between defeat and entrapment. Hope weakened the relationship between entrapment and suicide ideation. Implications for the assessment and treatment of suicide risk and future research directions are discussed