1,351,153 research outputs found
Axiomatization of Inconsistency Indicators for Pairwise Comparisons
This study proposes revised axioms for defining inconsistency indicators in
pairwise comparisons. It is based on the new findings that "PC submatrix cannot
have a worse inconsistency indicator than the PC matrix containing it" and that
there must be a PC submatrix with the same inconsistency as the given PC
matrix.
This study also provides better reasoning for the need of normalization. It
is a revision of axiomatization by Koczkodaj and Szwarc, 2014 which proposed
axioms expressed informally with some deficiencies addressed in this study.Comment: This paper should have been withdrawn by the first author a long time
ago. The work has been finished with another researcher, I have been pushed
out the projec
Microscopic observations of X-ray and gamma-ray induced decomposition of ammonium perchlorate crystals
The X-ray and gamma-ray induced decomposition of ammonium perchlorate was studied by optical, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy. This material is a commonly used oxidizer in solid propellents which could be employed in deep-space probes, and where they will be subjected to a variety of radiations for as long as ten years. In some respects the radiation-induced damage closely resembles the effects produced by thermal decomposition, but in other respects the results differ markedly. Similar radiation and thermal effects include the following: (1) irregular or ill-defined circular etch pits are formed in both cases; (2) approximately the same size pits are produced; (3) the pit density is similar; (4) the c face is considerably more reactive than the m face; and (5) most importantly, many of the etch pits are aligned in crystallographic directions which are the same for thermal or radiolytic decomposition. Thus, dislocations play an important role in the radiolytic decomposition process
Dimensional enhancement of kinetic energies
Simple thermodynamics considers kinetic energy to be an extensive variable
which is proportional to the number, N, of particles. We present a quantum
state of N non-interacting particles for which the kinetic energy increases
quadratically with N. This enhancement effect is tied to the quantum
centrifugal potential whose strength is quadratic in the number of dimensions
of configuration space.Comment: 9 pages, accepted by Phys. Rev.
Probability of Reflection by a Random Laser
A theory is presented (and supported by numerical simulations) for
phase-coherent reflection of light by a disordered medium which either absorbs
or amplifies radiation. The distribution of reflection eigenvalues is shown to
be the Laguerre ensemble of random-matrix theory. The statistical fluctuations
of the albedo (the ratio of reflected and incident power) are computed for
arbitrary ratio of sample thickness, mean free path, and absorption or
amplification length. On approaching the laser threshold all moments of the
distribution of the albedo diverge. Its modal value remains finite, however,
and acquires an anomalous dependence on the illuminated surface area.Comment: 8 pages (revtex), 3 figures, to appear in Phys.Rev.Let
The origin of phase in the interference of Bose-Einstein condensates
We consider the interference of two overlapping ideal Bose-Einstein
condensates. The usual description of this phenomenon involves the introduction
of a so-called condensate wave functions having a definite phase. We
investigate the origin of this phase and the theoretical basis of treating
interference. It is possible to construct a phase state, for which the particle
number is uncertain, but phase is known. However, how one would prepare such a
state before an experiment is not obvious. We show that a phase can also arise
from experiments using condensates in Fock states, that is, having known
particle numbers. Analysis of measurements in such states also gives us a
prescription for preparing phase states. The connection of this procedure to
questions of ``spontaneously broken gauge symmetry'' and to ``hidden
variables'' is mentioned.Comment: 22 pages 4 figure
Stochastic mean-field dynamics for fermions in the weak coupling limit
Assuming that the effect of the residual interaction beyond mean-field is
weak and has a short memory time, two approximate treatments of correlation in
fermionic systems by means of Markovian quantum jump are presented. A
simplified scenario for the introduction of fluctuations beyond mean-field is
first presented. In this theory, part of the quantum correlations between the
residual interaction and the one-body density matrix are neglected and jumps
occur between many-body densities formed of pairs of states where and are
antisymmetrized products of single-particle states. The underlying Stochastic
Mean-Field (SMF) theory is discussed and applied to the monopole vibration of a
spherical Ca nucleus under the influence of a statistical ensemble of
two-body contact interaction. This framework is however too simplistic to
account for both fluctuation and dissipation. In the second part of this work,
an alternative quantum jump method is obtained without making the approximation
on quantum correlations. Restricting to two particles-two holes residual
interaction, the evolution of the one-body density matrix of a correlated
system is transformed into a Lindblad equation. The associated dissipative
dynamics can be simulated by quantum jumps between densities written as is a normalized Slater determinant. The
associated stochastic Schroedinger equation for single-particle wave-functions
is given.Comment: Enlarged version, 10 pages, 2 figure
Magneto-Acoustic Spectroscopy in Superfluid 3He-B
We have used the recently discovered acoustic Faraday effect in superfluid
3He to perform high resolution spectroscopy of an excited state of the
superfluid condensate. With acoustic cavity interferometry we measure the
rotation of the plane of polarization of a transverse sound wave propagating in
the direction of magnetic field from which we determine the Zeeman energy of
the excited state. We interpret the Lande g-factor, combined with the
zero-field energies of the state, using the theory of Sauls and Serene to
calculate the strength of f -wave interactions in 3He.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRL, Aug 30th, 200
Disproportionation Transition at Critical Interaction Strength: NaCoO
Charge disproportionation (CD) and spin differentiation in NaCoO
are studied using the correlated band theory approach. The simultaneous CD and
gap opening seen previously is followed through a first order charge
disproportionation transition 2Co Co+Co, whose ionic
identities are connected more closely to spin (S=0, S=1/2 respectively) than to
real charge. Disproportionation in the Co orbital is compensated by
opposing charge rearrangement in other 3d orbitals. At the transition large and
opposing discontinuities in the (all-electron) kinetic and potential energies
are slightly more than balanced by a gain in correlation energy. The CD state
is compared to characteristics of the observed charge-ordered insulating phase
in NaCoO, suggesting the Coulomb repulsion value is
concentration-dependent, with 3.5 eV.Comment: 4 pages and 4 embedded figure
Quantum-mechanical communication theory
Optimum signal reception using quantum-mechanical communication theor
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