Long-distance entanglement and quantum teleportation in XX spin chains

Isotropic XX models of one-dimensional spin-1/2 chains are investigated with the aim to elucidate the formal structure and the physical properties that allow these systems to act as channels for long-distance, high-fidelity quantum teleportation. We introduce two types of models: I) open, dimerized XX chains, and II) open XX chains with small end bonds. For both models we obtain the exact expressions for the end-to-end correlations and the scaling of the energy gap with the length of the chain. We determine the end-to-end concurrence and show that model I) supports true long-distance entanglement at zero temperature, while model II) supports {\it ``quasi long-distance''} entanglement that slowly falls off with the size of the chain. Due to the different scalings of the gaps, respectively exponential for model I) and algebraic in model II), we demonstrate that the latter allows for efficient qubit teleportation with high fidelity in sufficiently long chains even at moderately low temperatures.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

Cold air outbreaks and their signature in the ozonometric data at the mountain station near Kislovodsk, Russia

International audienceTwo cases of cold air outbreak in November 2001 are analyzed on the basis of ozone concentration measurements and weather data at the mountain station (43°44' N, 42°43 E, 2070 m a.s.l.) near Kislovodsk, North Caucasus, Russia. Two cold fronts, with fast clearing up in the rear of the cloud zone, passed the station in the morning of 12 and 16 November. In both cases, the ozone concentration drops down to 7?8 ppb within the frontal cloud zones, under 100% relative humidity, RH, and then sharply increases to 43?45 ppb in dry (RH about 50%), cold air during several hours. After a warm front passage (12 November) or RH growth in the cold post-frontal airmass (16 November), the ozone concentration decreases again to its average values near 30 ppb. Neither diurnal cycle nor photochemical generation could produce in the ozonometric data this specific "drop-and-peak'' signature which is considered to be caused by cold outbreak with post-frontal flow of "dry air stream'' type. Synoptic situation and tropopause topography are analyzed using the objective analysis data and METEOSAT images in the water vapor radiation band. It is concluded that the ozone growth in the rear of the cold fronts is associated with sinking of substratospheric or stratospherically influenced air from the areas of tropopause folding. Motion of cold surges with their frontal zones, jet streams, and tropopause folds is analyzed, including development of wave disturbances at the streamers and formation of substratospheric air "tongues'' underflowing the high tropopause and representing "aged'' intrusions

Optical studies of the X-ray transient XTE J2123-058 -I. Photometry

We present optical photometry of the X-ray transient XTE J2123-058, obtained in July-October 1998. The light curves are strongly modulated on the 5.95hrs orbital period, and exhibit dramatic changes in amplitude and form during the decline. We used synthetic models which include the effect of partial eclipses and X-ray heating effects, to estimate the system parameters, and we constrain the binary inclination to be i=73+-4 degrees. The model is successful in reproducing the light curves at different stages of the decay by requiring the accretion disc to become smaller and thinner by 30% as the system fades by 1.7 mags in the optical. From Aug 26 the system reaches quiescence with a mean magnitude of R=21.7+-0.1 and our data are consistent with the optical variability being dominated by the companion's ellipsoidal modulation.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Pairing state in multicomponent superconductors

We use the microscopic weak coupling theory to predict the pairing state in superconductors of cubic, hexagonal, or tetragonal symmetry, where the order parameter is multicomponent, i.e., transforms according to either a 2-dimensional or a 3-dimensional representation of the crystal point group. We show that the superconducting phase usually breaks the time-reversal symmetry for singlet multicomponent superconductors. The superconducting order parameter for triplet superconductors in most cases turns out to be non-magnetic.Comment: 7 page

Public assessment of social and economic effects of climate change based on the case of the republic of tatarstan

© 2018 Moskovskij Universitet. All rights reserved. The results of a sociological survey aimed at identifying the views of experts and general public on climate change in Tatarstan and Russia, as well as at the assessment of social, environmental and economic impacts, and possible ways of minimizing the negative effects of climate change for the Republic of Tatarstan, are discussed. The study was performed as a part of an interdisciplinary project, which targets at studying the modem global and regional processes of climate change, their natural, social and environmental impacts in the Volga Federal District. The results of the study highlighted that both experts and general public related the awareness of vulnerability to climate anomalies with, on the one hand, the general feeling unwell, the pressure swing and the emergence of new pathogenic viruses and bacteria, and, on the other hand, with phenomena relating to different socio-economic characteristics of the Republic, i.e. hot weather, cold weather, droughts, floods, large amount of precipitation, rising mean annual temperatures, soil freezing etc. Certain advantages resulting from the climate change were revealed, such as the shorter heating period or the longer period of vegetation. The increased environmental culture and environmental awareness of all social agents, the economic and legal regulation, for example, in the case of cleaner production, and the introduction of non-waste technologies are suggested as effective social adaptation measures. Negligence of the federal and local authorities to climate change problems was also pointed out. The lack of regional strategies to mitigate climate change and reduce its negative effects as well as poor harmonization in addressing the problems associated with the climate policy could enhance social and economic risks in the long term

Heavy Flavor Hadrons in Statistical Hadronization of Strangeness-rich QGP

We study b, c quark hadronization from QGP. We obtain the yields of charm and bottom flavored hadrons within the statistical hadronization model. The important novel feature of this study is that we take into account the high strangeness and entropy content of QGP, conserving strangeness and entropy yields at hadronization.Comment: v2 expended: 20 pages, 23 figures, 5 tables, in press EPJ-