Neuromuscular and functional responses to concentric and eccentric strength training in older adults: A systematic review

The type of muscle action is important when designing exercise interventions for older individuals and may result in different effects. In this study we performed a systematic review of controlled trials comparing the effects of concentric and eccentric resistance training, performed on isokinetic dynamometers, on lower extremity muscular and functional performance in older adults (CDR42017075316). Six databases (Pubmed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, Cochrane Central, and Embase) were searched. Outcomes of interest concerned neuromuscular and functional performance. Trials should consider 65 years or older individuals participating in concentric and/or eccentric training on isokinetic dynamometers, at least twice a week, during at least four weeks. Results should be compared to a control group or between different contraction types. A qualitative analysis of data was done. Quality assessment considered the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The initial search returned 10376 studies and four trials were considered for inclusion. Three trials compared the effects of concentric training with the ones of control groups, and one compared the effects of concentric with the ones of eccentric training. All trials focused on knee extensor and flexor muscles, and one also focused on ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors. Training programs included three sessions/week lasting 8-12 weeks. Concentric training improved strength, power, and muscle antagonist coactivation compared to the control. Concentric and eccentric training improved knee isometric, concentric and eccentric strength and scores on self-paced step test, with no effect on gait speed. They did not consider muscle structural parameters. The findings of beneficial effects of isokinetic concentric and eccentric resistance training on muscle strength and power in older adults were consistent. However, there is a lack of trials addressing the effects of isokinetic strength training on muscle structure and functionality

Análise estrutural do Metagranito Capané, Complexo Porongos, Cachoeira do Sul, RS

The structural analysis and the contact relationships between the Capané Metagranite (CM) and the Neoproterozoic metavocanosedimentary rocks of Porongos Complex (PC) is discussed based on detailed geological mapping integrated with microtectonic analysis. The study area is located in the south central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in the Capané Antiform, a regional structure dipping to SW. These units were intensively deformed and metamorphosed during the post-collisional phase of the Dom Feliciano Belt at the end of the Brasiliano Cycle (600-560 Ma). The Capané Metagranite, positioned on the west flank of the antiform is a milonitic aegirine pertite granite with locally preserved medium equigranular hipydiomorphic texture and well developed milonitic foliation (Sm). The body presents an elongated shape and agrees with the S2 foliation of the pelitic schists and the metavolcanic rocks. The Sm has NNE direction and plunges on average 30º to WNW, and the stretch lineation (Lx) has a low angle dip (<10º) to SSW. The microstructures observed are typical of medium grade mylonites, equivalent to the condition of metasedimentary host rocks. The kinematic indicators as SC pairs and asymmetric porphyroclasts suggest top-to S-SW sense of movement. The mylonitization is linked to the activation of NE-oriented oblique shear zones during compressional deformation related to the final stages of the evolution of Dom Feliciano Belt.A análise estrutural e as relações de contato entre o Metagranito Capané (MC) e as rochas metavulcanosedimentares neoproterozoicas do Complexo Porongos (CP) são discutidas a partir da integração entre o mapeamento geológico de detalhe e análise microtectônica. A área de estudo está situada na região centro-sul do estado de Rio Grande do Sul, na Antiforme Capané, estrutura regional com caimento para SW. As unidades do CP foram intensamente deformadas e metamorfisadas durante a etapa final da formação do Cinturão Dom Feliciano, entre 600 e 570 Ma. O Metagranito Capané, posicionado no flanco oeste da antiforme é um aegirina pertita granito milonítico com textura equigranular hipidiomórfica média localmente preservada e foliação milonítica (Sm) bem desenvolvida. O corpo apresenta forma alongada e concordante com a foliação S2 dos xistos pelíticos e das rochas metavulcânicas encaixantes. A Sm possui direção NNE e mergulha em média 30º para WNW, e a lineação de estiramento (Lx) tem baixo ângulo de caimento (<10º) para SSW. As microestruturas observadas são típicas de milonitos de grau médio, condição equivalente às encaixantes metassedimentares. Os indicadores cinemáticos, como pares SC e a assimetria de porfiroclastos deformados, indicam transporte tectônico de topo para SSW com cinemática sinistral. Essa milonitização está associada à geração de zonas de cisalhamento oblíquas de direção NE-SW durante o período pós-colisional de formação do Cinturão Dom Feliciano

Ensaio Regional de Variedades de Milho na Região Sul - Safra 2011/2012.

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Recomendação de variedades de milho para o Sul do Brasil: rede de ensaios preliminares-Safra 2009/10.

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Ensaio regional de variedades de milho na Região Sul ? Safra 2009/10.

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Ensaio regional de variedades de milho na Região Sul - safra 2008/09.

A rede regional de ensaios de variedades de Milho tem por objetivo avaliar o comportamento de variedades comerciais de milho na região sul do Brasil. O resultado dos ensaios é publicado anualmente no Livro das Indicações Técnicas para o Cultivo de Milho e de Sorgo no RS. Esses resultados também servem para determinação do Valor de Cultivo e Uso (VCU), com vistas à extensão da indicação de uso de cultivares comerciais para o RS