Renal clearable catalytic gold nanoclusters for in vivo disease monitoring

Ultra-small gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have emerged as agile probes for in vivo imaging, as they exhibit exceptional tumour accumulation and efficient renal clearance properties. However, their intrinsic catalytic activity, which can enable increased detection sensitivity, has yet to be explored for in vivo sensing. By exploiting the peroxidase-mimicking activity of AuNCs and the precise nanometer size filtration of the kidney, we designed multifunctional protease nanosensors that respond to disease microenvironments to produce a direct colorimetric urinary readout of disease state in less than 1 h. We monitored the catalytic activity of AuNCs in collected urine of a mouse model of colorectal cancer where tumour-bearing mice showed a 13-fold increase in colorimetric signal compared to healthy mice. Nanosensors were eliminated completely through hepatic and renal excretion within 4 weeks after injection with no evidence of toxicity. We envision that this modular approach will enable rapid detection of a diverse range of diseases by exploiting their specific enzymatic signatures

Performance of a rapid-scan vacuum Michelson interferometer at the NSLS

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Discharging Proof Obligations from Atelier B using Multiple Automated Provers

We present a method to discharge proof obligations from Atelier B using multiple SMT solvers. It is based on a faithful modeling of B's set theory into polymorphic rst-order logic. We report on two case studies demonstrating a signi cant improvement in the ratio of obligations that are automatically discharged

Melolontha hippocastani outbreak impact intensively the Fine Root Biomass (FRB) of Oak stand forests -Alsace -east of France

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