A methodology for the evaluation of program cost and schedule risk for the SEASAT program

An interactive computerized project management software package (RISKNET) is designed to analyze the effect of the risk involved in each specific activity on the results of the total SEASAT-A program. Both the time and the cost of each distinct activity can be modeled with an uncertainty interval so as to provide the project manager with not only the expected time and cost for the completion of the total program, but also with the expected range of costs corresponding to any desired level of significance. The nature of the SEASAT-A program is described. The capabilities of RISKNET and the implementation plan of a RISKNET analysis for the development of SEASAT-A are presented

Granular Impact Model as an Energy-Depth Relation

Velocity-squared drag forces are common in describing an object moving through a granular material. The resulting force law is a nonlinear differential equation, and closed-form solutions of the dynamics are typically obtained by making simplifying assumptions. Here, we consider a generalized version of such a force law which has been used in many studies of granular impact. We show that recasting the force law into an equation for the kinetic energy versus depth, K(z), yields a linear differential equation, and thus general closed-form solutions for the velocity versus depth. This approach also has several advantages in fitting such models to experimental data, which we demonstrate by applying it to data from 2D impact experiments. We also present new experimental results for this model, including shape and depth dependence of the velocity-squared drag force

Model of hard spheroplatelets near a hard wall

A system of hard spheroplatelets near an impenetrable wall is studied in the low-density Onsager approximation. Spheroplatelets have optimal shape between rods and plates, and the direct transition from the isotropic to biaxial nematic phase is present. A simple local approximation for the one-particle distribution function is used. Analytical results for the surface tension and the entropy contributions are derived. The density and the order-parameter profiles near the wall are calculated. The preferred orientation of the short molecule axes is perpendicular to the wall. Biaxiality close to the wall can appear only if the phase is biaxial in the bulk.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, revised version published in PR

The role of ERTS in the establishment and of a nationwide land cover information system

The economic potential of utilizing an ERTS type satellite in the development, updating, and maintenance of a nation-wide land cover information system in the post-1977 time frame was examined. Several alternative acquisition systems were evaluated for land cover data acquisition, processing, and interpretation costs in order to determine, on a total life cycle cost basis, under which conditions of user demand (i.e., area of coverage, frequency of coverage, timeliness of information, and level of information detail) an ERTS type satellite would be cost effective, and what the annual cost savings benefits would be. It was concluded that a three satellite system with high and low altitude aircraft and ground survey team utilizing automatic interpretation and classification techniques is an economically sound proposal

Application of technetium and rhenium carbonyl chemistry to nuclear medicine. Preparation of [NEt4]2[TcCl3(CO)3] from [NBu4][TcO4] and structure of [NEt4][Tc2(μ-Cl)3(CO)6]; structures of the model complexes [NEt4][Re2(μ-OEt)2(μ-OAc)(CO)6] and [ReBr({-CH2S(CH2)2Cl}2)(CO)3]

A detailed investigation of the one-pot synthesis of [NEt4]2[MX3(CO)3] [M=Tc (1a) or Re (1b); X= Cl−, Br−] is presented. The intermediates [NEt4][Tc2-(μ-Cl)3(CO)6] (2a), [NBu4][Tc3(μ3-H)(μ-H)3(CO)9] (3) and [Tc3(μ-H)3(CO)12] (4) have been isolated and characterized. The X-ray structure of (2a) is described. Complex (2a) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a=19.491(6), b=18.323(2) and c=17.497(9)AÅ, and β=97.59(2)°. Quantitative conversion of (2a), (3) and (4) into the aqua-ion [M(OH2)3(CO)3]+ [M=Tc (5a) or Re (5b)] is described. To evaluate an optimal and simple chelating group for the "fac-M(CO)3” moiety, the reaction with the bidentate thioether ligand Cl(CH2)2S(CH2)2S(CH2)2Cl (qyp) has been investigated and the structure of the neutral complex [ReBr(qyp)(CO)3] (6) is described. Complex (6) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a=15.935(6), b=2.788(4) and c= 7.955(10)AÅ, and β=98.57(1)°. To extend the knowledge about substitution chemistry of organometallic complexes in aqueous solution, the acetato ligand [OOCCH3]− has been reacted with (1b), resulting in the formation of the dinuclear, acetato-bridged complex [NEt4][Re2(μ-OH)2(μ-OAc)(CO)6], which converted into [Re2(μ-OEt)2(μ-OAc)(CO)6]− (7) after recrystallization from EtOH. The X-ray structure of (7) has been determined. Complex (7) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a=16.288(3), b=12.4272(10) and c=13.620(3)AÅ, and β=76.63(1)°. For a future application of the small "fac-M(CO)3” moiety, it seems thus advantageous to combine these two ligand groups in one simple chelating functio