51 research outputs found
Early Tithonian Saturnalidae (Radiolaria) from the Solnhofen area (Southern Franconian Alb, Southern Germany)
In order to complete the study of the very rich early Tithonian
(Hybonoticeras hybonotum Zone) radiolarian fauna from the Muhlheim
Member of the Mornsheim Formation outcropping in the Solnhofen area, the
taxa of the family Saturnalidae are described. Although rather rare, the
Saturnalidae of this member contain 14 species, ten of which are new.
These species belong to four genera, one of which is new (Moebicircus n.
gen.), and two subfamilies (Hexasaturnalinae and Saturnalinae). The
taxonomy at generic level of these late Jurassic radiolarians is founded
on the basis of the position of the blades along the ring and number and
morphology of the spines. Type of spines (simple or forked) has either
species level value or none, depending on species. Special attention was
given to anomalies, which sometimes are rather frequent, since they can
give information of paleobiological and paleoecological orders. Among
them frequent cases of open ring and additional spines with
Dicerosaturnalis and Siamese twins skeletons with Spongosaturninus and
Dicerosaturnalis are to be noted. The authors hope that this new
taxonomy will give a better image of the evolution and radiation of the
Saturnalidae during the Tithonian
Sympathetic nervous system activity and anti-lipolytic response to iv-glucose load in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese and obese type 2 diabetic subjects
The study aim was to investigate the effect of endogenous insulin release on lipolysis in subcutaneous adipose tissue after adrenergic stimulation in obese subjects diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In 14 obese female T2D subjects, or 14 obese non-T2D controls, glycerol concentration was measured in response to the α1,2,ß-agonist norepinephrine, the α1-agonist norfenefrine and the ß2-agonist terbutaline (each 10-4 M), using the microdialysis technique. After 60 minutes of stimulation, an intravenous glucose load (0.5 g/kg lean body mass) was given. Local blood flow was monitored by means of the ethanol technique. Norepinephrine and norfenefrine induced a four and three fold rise in glycerol dialysate concentration (p\u3c0.001, each), with a similar pattern in adipose tissue. Following agonist stimulation and glucose infusion, endogenous insulin release inhibited lipolysis in the presence of norepinephrine, which was more rapid and pronounced in healthy obese controls than in T2D subjects (p = 0.024 obese vs T2D subjects). Insulin-induced inhibition of lipolysis in the presence of norfenefrine was similar in all study participants. In the presence of terbutaline the lipolysis rate increased two fold until the effect of endogenous insulin (p\u3c0.001). A similar insulin-induced decrease in lipolysis was observed for each of the norfenefrine groups and the terbutaline groups, respectively. Adipose tissue blood flow remained unchanged after the iv-glucose load. Both norepinephrine and norfenefrine diminished blood flow slightly, but insulin reversed this response (p\u3c0.001 over the entire time). Terbutaline alone and terbutaline plus increased endogenous insulin augmented local blood flow (p\u3c0.001 over the entire time). In conclusion, a difference in insulin-induced inhibition of lipolysis was observed in obese T2D subjects compared to obese healthy controls following modulation of sympathetic nervous system activity and is assumed to be due to ß1-adrenoceptor mediated stimulation by norepinephrine
Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Anti-Hsp60 Immunity: The Two Sides of the Coin
Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection is one of the most common causes of reproductive tract diseases and infertility. CT-Hsp60 is synthesized during infection and is released in the bloodstream. As a consequence, immune cells will produce anti-CT-Hsp60 antibodies. Hsp60, a ubiquitous and evolutionarily conserved chaperonin, is normally sequestered inside the cell, particularly into mitochondria. However, upon cell stress, as well as during carcinogenesis, the chaperonin becomes exposed on the cell surface (sf-Hsp60) and/or is secreted from cells into the extracellular space and circulation. Reports in the literature on circulating Hsp and anti-Hsp antibodies are in many cases short on details about Hsp60 concentrations, and about the specificity spectra of the antibodies, their titers, and their true, direct, pathogenetic effects. Thus, more studies are still needed to obtain a definitive picture on these matters. Nevertheless, the information already available indicates that the concurrence of persistent CT infection and appearance of sf-Hsp60 can promote an autoimmune aggression towards stressed cells and the development of diseases such as autoimmune arthritis, multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis, vasculitis, diabetes, and thyroiditis, among others. At the same time, immunocomplexes composed of anti-CT-Hsp60 antibodies and circulating Hsp60 (both CT and human) may form deposits in several anatomical locations, e.g., at the glomerular basal membrane. The opposite side of the coin is that pre-tumor and tumor cells with sf-Hsp60 can be destroyed with participation of the anti-Hsp60 antibody, thus stopping cancer progression before it is even noticed by the patient or physician
Mendacastrum n. gen. and Domuzdagia n. gen., two Jurassic spherical Spumellaria (Radiolaria) with hagiastrid medullary shell
Two new spumellarian radiolarian genera, Mendacastrum and Domuzdagia,
are described from the lower Tithonian and lower Pliensbachian
respectively. Both have a spherical cortical shell of actinommid type
and a spherical or subspherical double medullary shell with the inner
medullary shell of hagiastrid s.l. type. The inner medullary shell of
Mendacastrum is of dactyliosphaerid or higumastrid s. sit. type, whereas
that of Domuzdagia is of angulobracchiid type. Since they cannot be
assigned to any described Mesozoic pyloniacean families, they are
considered as type genera of two new families: Mendacastridae and
Domuzdagiidae respectively
Rechtsseitige Zwerchfellruptur nach abdominellem Bruchlückenverschluss einer Morgagni-Hernie
Biologisches Implantat (Permacol(TM) Surgical Implant) bei komplexen, ventralen Bauchwandhernien
SchumannData
Dataset-file from Sympathetic nervous system activity and anti-lipolytic response to IV-glucose load in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese and obese type 2 diabetic subject
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