Технологические решения для строительства разведочной вертикальной скважины глубиной 2520 метров на нефтяном месторождении (Томская область)

Данная работа содержит следующие ключевые слова: буровая установка, бурение, буровой раствор, заканчивание скважин, скважина, нефть охрана окружающей среды, ресурсоффективность. Объектом исследования является разведочная вертикальная скважина глубиной 2540 метров на нефтегазовом месторождении (Томская область). Целью работы является – спроектировать технологические решения для бурения вертикальной разведочной скважины глубиной 2540 м на месторождении Томской области.This work contains the following keywords: rig, drilling, drilling mud, well completion, well, oil, environmental protection, resource efficiency. The object of the study is a vertical exploration well with a depth of 2540 meters in an oil and gas field (Tomsk region). The aim of the work is to design technological solutions for drilling a vertical exploration well with a depth of 2540 m in the field of the Tomsk region

No serological evidence for neuronal damage or reactive gliosis in neuro-COVID-19 patients with long-term persistent headache

Recent studies have indicated that long-term neurological sequelae after COVID-19 are not accompanied by an increase of canonical biomarkers of central nervous system injury in blood, but subgroup stratifications are lacking. This is a particular concern in chronic headache, which can be a leading symptom of Post-COVID diseases associated with neuronal damage such as vasculitis or autoimmune encephalitis. We here compared patients with mild Post-COVID-19 syndrome and persistent headache (persistent Post-COVID-19 headache) lasting longer than 12 weeks after the initial serological diagnosis, to patients with mild and severe COVID-19 and COVID-19-negative controls. Levels of neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary astrocytic protein, i.e. markers of neuronal damage and reactive astrogliosis, were lower in blood from patients with persistent Post-COVID-19 headache compared to patients with severe COVID-19. Hence, our pilot serological study indicates that long-term Post-COVID-19 headache may not be a sign of underlying neuronal damage or neuroinflammation

Extensive Transcriptional Regulation of Chromatin Modifiers during Human Neurodevelopment

Epigenetic changes, including histone modifications or chromatin remodeling are regulated by a large number of human genes. We developed a strategy to study the coordinate regulation of such genes, and to compare different cell populations or tissues. A set of 150 genes, comprising different classes of epigenetic modifiers was compiled. This new tool was used initially to characterize changes during the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) to central nervous system neuroectoderm progenitors (NEP). qPCR analysis showed that more than 60% of the examined transcripts were regulated, and >10% of them had a >5-fold increased expression. For comparison, we differentiated hESC to neural crest progenitors (NCP), a distinct peripheral nervous system progenitor population. Some epigenetic modifiers were regulated into the same direction in NEP and NCP, but also distinct differences were observed. For instance, the remodeling ATPase SMARCA2 was up-regulated >30-fold in NCP, while it remained unchanged in NEP; up-regulation of the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler CHD7 was increased in NEP, while it was down-regulated in NCP. To compare the neural precursor profiles with those of mature neurons, we analyzed the epigenetic modifiers in human cortical tissue. This resulted in the identification of 30 regulations shared between all cell types, such as the histone methyltransferase SETD7. We also identified new markers for post-mitotic neurons, like the arginine methyl transferase PRMT8 and the methyl transferase EZH1. Our findings suggest a hitherto unexpected extent of regulation, and a cell type-dependent specificity of epigenetic modifiers in neurodifferentiation

Functional characterization and expression of thalamic GABAB receptors in a rodent model of Parkinson’s disease

Increased GABAergic neurotransmission of the basal ganglia output nuclei projecting to the motor thalamus is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease. We investigated the functional role of thalamic GABAB receptors in a rodent model of Parkinson’s disease. First, we examined the effects of blockade of GABAB receptors in the ventromedial thalamic nucleus of rats with a unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the substantia nigra on locomotor activity. In addition we studied the expression of GABAB receptor mRNA in the basal ganglia and thalamus using in situ hybridisation. Unilateral microinjections of the GABAB receptor antagonist 2-hydroxysaclofen into the ventromedial thalamic nucleus ipsilateral to the nigrostriatal lesion induced contralateral rotations in a dose-dependent manner. However, microinjection of antagonists with higher affinity for the GABAB receptor SCH 50911, CGP 56433 and CGP 55845 did not result in rotational behaviour, but did induce convulsions at higher doses. GABAB receptor mRNA expression was found throughout the basal ganglia and thalamus, including the ventromedial thalamic nucleus. No statistically significant differences in GABAB mRNA expression were observed in the ventromedial thalamic nucleus following a unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the substantia nigra. These results make it improbable that thalamocortical GABAB receptors play an important role in the pathophysiology of parkinsonism. Therefore, GABAB receptors do not appear to be a promising target for novel antiparkinsonian drugs.