JDATATRANS for Array Obfuscation in Java Source Code to Defeat Reverse Engineering from Decompiled Codes

Software obfuscation or obscuring a software is an approach to defeat the practice of reverse engineering a software for using its functionality illegally in the development of another software. Java applications are more amenable to reverse engineering and re-engineering attacks through methods such as decompilation because Java class files store the program in a semi complied form called 'byte' codes. The existing obfuscation systems obfuscate the Java class files. Obfuscated source code produce obfuscated byte codes and hence two level obfuscation (source code and byte code level) of the program makes it more resilient to reverse engineering attacks. But source code obfuscation is much more difficult due to richer set of programming constructs and the scope of the different variables used in the program and only very little progress has been made on this front. Hence programmers resort to adhoc manual ways of obscuring their program which makes it difficult for its maintenance and usability. To address this issue partially, we developed a user friendly tool JDATATRANS to obfuscate Java source code by obscuring the array usages. Using various array restructuring techniques such as 'array splitting', 'array folding' and 'array flattening', in addition to constant hiding, our system obfuscate the input Java source code and produce an obfuscated Java source code that is functionally equivalent to the input program. We also perform a number of experiments to measure the potency, resilience and cost incurred by our tool.Comment: Manuscript submitted to ACM COMPUTE 2009 Conference,Bangalor

Bivalve resources and its exploitation in Malabar

The Malabar region of Kerala (Kozhikode, Kannur, Mahe, Kasargod) has significant bivalve resources contributing to subsistence fisheries of the local population. Clams and oysters form the major resources in the estuaries and backwaters. The clams, Meretrix casta, Meretrix meretrix, Villorita cyprinoides, Paphia malabarica and the edible oyster, Crassostrea madrasensis form the major exploited bivalve resources of commercial significance

Biology of Mactra violacea (Gmelin 1791) from Kerala, south-west coast of India

The surf clam Mactra violacea (commonly known as violet trough shell), is distributed all along the sandy beaches of north Kerala. It occurs in the surf zone, upto 75-100 m depth. It is a large clam (upto 80 mm) with high meat content and nutritive value which is collected and consumed by the local people. The biology of the surf clam was studied to understand its growth, edibility and potential for mariculture

Exhaust emission analysis on engine using biodiesel produced from broiler slaughter waste

In this work, exhaust gas emission analysis was conducted for standard diesel, pure biodiesel, diesel (90%)+biodiesel (10%)-B10, diesel(80%)+biodiesel(20%)-B20, diesel(70%)+biodiesel(30%)-B30. Here the biodiesel used is produced from the broiler chicken waste.  Experiments are carried out using single-cylinder, 4-stroke, direct injected, water-cooled diesel engine at five loads between no load and a full load of 1500 rpm. Emission characteristics of the engine fueled with biodiesel and its blends with diesel were compared to standard diesel fuel as the baseline fuel. Overall, biodiesel blends, as compared to diesel, reduce NO, CO, CO2 and HC emissions, at full loads. It is also shown that biodiesel and its  blends having less EGT than diesel fuels

Site selection for Mussel Culture

In India, most of the bivalves produced are fished from the natural stocks. At present green mussels are cultivated mainly in the states of Kerala and Karnataka., Production o f bivalves by mariciilture in India is very little compared to the rest o f the world. The major source for collection o f the seeds of the bivalves is through wild collection or through laying of clutch material as in edible oysters

Growth and production of vertically and horizontally suspended mussel ropes in estuarine culture

An experiment to compare the growth and production of vertically and horizontally suspended mussel ropes was conducted in the CMFRI Demonstration cum Research Farm in Chaliyar Estuary, Karuvanthiruthy, Kozhikode. Approximately 13.5 m of vertically suspended and 24 m of horizontal ropes were set in the farm in January 2005. The growth in terms of length and weight was monitored at monthly intervals. A total harvest of 587.7 kg shell-on mussels were obtained of which 249 kg was from vertical and 339 kg from horizontally suspended ropes

Bivalve resources of Moorad Estuary, north Kerala

A bivalve resource survey of Moorad estuary in Badagara District of north Kerala was carried out during February 2004 to assess the bivalve species, their distribution and potential stock. Sampling sites were fixed within five main zones of the Moorad estuary based on the clam fishery activities and local enquiries. The bivalve distribution in a unit area was taken by demarking the area of clam bed with a quadrant. Observations on the area of clam bed, water clarity, depth and temperature were recorded at each site. Surface and bottom water samples were collected and hydrographic parameters like salinity, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen content, productivity, nitrate, phosphate and silicate were recorded. Sediment samples were collected to analyse the grain size and organic content of the clam beds. All samples were analysed within 24 h except sediment samples. Average density of bivalve per square metre area was analysed and the potential stock was estimated for each bivalve species in the estuary