Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease : systematic review.

Objectives: To ascertain the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and its association with the disease. Design: Systematic review of studies reporting the prevalence of H pylori in patients with and without gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Data sources: Four electronic databases, searched to November 2001, experts, pharmaceutical companies, and journals. Main outcome measure: Odds ratio for prevalence of H pylori in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Results: 20 studies were included. The pooled estimate of the odds ratio for prevalence of H pylori was 0.60 (95% confidence interval 0.47 to 0.78), indicating a lower prevalence in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Substantial heterogeneity was observed between studies. Location seemed to be an important factor, with a much lower prevalence of H pylori in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in studies from the Far East, despite a higher overall prevalence of infection than western Europe and North America. Year of study was not a source of heterogeneity. Conclusion: The prevalence of H pylori infection was significantly lower in patients with than without gastro-oesophageal reflux, with geographical location being a strong contributor to the heterogeneity between studies. Patients from the Far East with reflux disease had a lower prevalence of H pylori infection than patients from western Europe and North America, despite a higher prevalence in the general population

INTERNET OF VEHICLES-BASED REAL-TIME VEHICLE TRACKING

The leading-edge vehicle tracking and scanning system based on embedded board is intended and executed to observe any vehicle from different locations. Every year, many numbers of vehicles are stolen. To prohibit thievery, a phenomenal type of negator is preowned, like padlock, disk break lock and more which is a defensive motion, but it is not safe for all designs. The main impartial is to initiate a control entity that shows the locale spot of a vehicle proving by global position system (GPS) to find the position. Here, global system for mobile (GSM) is accepting for communicating with the vehicle that easily finding a steal. The entity is built for trying out the mastery of the locale spot that transmits to the user when the motion is in exciting direction and stable in the city and some other areas. This whole entity is built by bringing together a Raspberry Pi with GPS, general packetradio service (GPRS), and GSM. The preferred entity makes better use of unique automation that based on the Raspberry Pi. This entity works on the GPS and GSM SIM 900A modules which consists all the three things for communication. GPS and GPRS circulate the chasing information to the server to transmit the message to the mobile number which is saved in this sector for communicating through GSM. This preferred entity also acquires the traveler's protection by testing liquefied petroleum gas effused gas sensor MQ135 and temperature DS18B20 sensor.Â

Green Approach in Click Chemistry

The aim of the topic on click chemistry is used to synthesize various derivatives of 1, 2, 3-triazol-1-yl piperazine, 1, 2, 3-triazol-1-yl quinoxaline, one pot 1,2,3-triazole and bistriazole. These various synthesized compounds were biologically active such as antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, anticancer, antiviral, anti HIV and antitubercular activates. The heterocyclic compounds which are pharmacological active were synthesized by the Cu (I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition is a major example based on the click chemistry philosophy. The click chemistry in a broad sense is about using easier reactions to make compounds for certain functions of drugs. The click chemistry used as a green synthesis, because it allows the basic principles of green chemistry given by Anastas and Warner

Critical data governance: A southern standpoint to the study and practice of data

Much of the conversations and practices of data governance emanate from technocratic and/or managerial lenses. This suggests a double bias towards (a) a linear teleological model of progress, (b) propelled by claims of objectivity and pristine scientific rationality inherent to Data. This paper seeks to move away from such approaches, to draw on the offerings of Critical Theory, to develop Critical Data Governance (CDG) as an approach that eschews objectivist, instrumentalist, and universalising tendencies. This, it does, by bringing to conversation the bodies of work on Critical Policy Studies and Critical Data Studies, in order to bring to the fore a multiplicity of policy actors, norms and values, interests and interactions, venues and deliberative sites, to the study of data governance and policymaking. Towards this, the paper showcases some examples from the South(s), and then moves on to present a provocation for CDG as a Southern Standpoint for Data, overcoming the inadequacies of Critical Theory and catering to anti-/de-colonial and anti-caste aspirations of peoples

Geotechnical Damage Due to Bihar Earthquake of August 1988

The Bihar-Nepal earthquake of August 21, 1988 (magnitude 6.6) caused significant loss of life and property. Besides the epicentral area, two distant places (Munger in India and Bhaktapur in Nepal) suffered significantly. This was also the case in the 1934 earthquake (magnitude 8.4) and is due to peculiar geology of the area. Geotechnical damage in the affected area includes liquefaction, cracking and subsidence of embankments, and cracks in bridge abutments and wing walls. Besides, in the hilly regions of Sikkim, landslides and rockfalls disrupted road network significantly. Extensive damage took place in the eastern Nepal also. This paper describes the geotechnical damage to the Indian areas only