HDL Design 2e10-1 Peta Bits Per Second (P.b.p.s) P.R.B.S I.P Core Generator for Ultra High Speed Wireless Communication Products

The Design is mainly Intended for High Speed Random Frequency Carrier Wave Generator of 1 P.b.p.s Baud Data Rate using 2e10-1 Tapped P.R.B.S Pattern Sequence. The P.R.B.S is Designed by using L.F.S.R Linear Feed Back Shift Register & XOR Gate with Specific Tapping Points as per C.C.I.T.T I.T.U Standards. R.T.L Design Architecture Implemented by using V.H.D.L &/ Verilog H.D.L, Programming & Debugging Done by using Spartan III F.P.G.A Kit. Transmission done through this carrier frequency. Propagation Carrier Done either Serially / Parallel lines I/O. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15083

HDL Design for Peta Hertz Clock based 2e31-1 Peta Bits Per Second (Pbps) PRBS Design for Ultra High Speed Applications/Products

The Design is mainly Intended for High Speed Random Frequency Carrier Wave Generator of Peta Bits Per Second P.b.p.s (Peta Bits Per Second) Data Rate 2e31-1 Tapped PRBS Pattern Sequence. The P.R.B.S is Designed by using L.F.S.R Linear Feed Back Shift Register & XOR Gate with Specific Tapping Points as per C.C.I.T.T I.T.U Standards. R.T.L Design Architecture Implemented by using V.H.D.L &/ Verilog H.D.L, Programming & Debugging Done by using Spartan III F.P.G.A Kit. Transmission done through this carrier frequency. Propagation Carrier Done either Serially / Parallel lines I/O. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15083

Role of physical and engineering properties of rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars for designing of precision planter

The paper describes the effect of physical and engineering properties of five rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, viz. Pusa 1121, Pusa 44, BPT 5205, MTU 7209 and MTU 1010 on the design parameters of precision planter for direct sowing of rice seeds in drylands. The properties were determined in three conditions of seeds, viz. dry condition, 1- day soaking and two day soaking condition. In all the five selected varieties, no significant difference in length was found between dry and soaked seed, while breadth and thickness of the seeds were found slight increase in all varieties. It was observed that the grain length varied from 7.32±0.61 to 13.79±0.93 mm, breadth 2.16±0.21 to 2.58±0.06 mm, sphericity, 43.66±2.45 to 30.56±3.49, 1000 grain-weight 14.37 to 32.6 g, angle of repose 25.25 to 33.68° and bulk density 524.6 to 667.56 kg/m3.The observed values can be used to fabricate the seed metering cells for different varieties with cell diameter ranging from 10 mm to 14 mm. Thickness and cell diameters of the seed metering discs were designed in reference to the maximum breadth and length. Based on the results, it can be revealed that flow rate from the hopper can be affected due to angle of repose and coefficient of friction for rice grains. Thus, to design the hopper the average values of angle of repose and coefficient of friction can be taken. The highest angle of repose observed in PUSA 1121 can be used to have a seed hopper slope of 35° to ensure free flow of seed. The coefficient of friction in all the selected varieties was less with mild steel as compared to galvanized-iron and wood surfaces. It was concluded that a minimum angle of 30°and a plate thickness of 4 mm can be used to design a hopper by selecting the low friction mild steel sheet. The measured bulk density and size values can be used to design a hopper of required capacity and seed metering plate cell size for required number of seeds/hill

Parametric Study of CPT Resonance in Rubidium Vapor Cell for Application in Atomic Clock

The performance of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) based atomic clocks primarily depends on the characteristics of CPT resonance. We have performed experiments to study and optimize the characteristics of CPT resonance in 87Rb atoms by measuring its contrast and full-width-at-half maximum (FWHM) as function of laser excitation and temperature of atomic vapor cells with different dimensions. A four-level atomic model is used to simulate CPT resonance characteristics along the length of atomic vapor cell. The model incorporates scaling law to understand collision dynamics in cells with different radius for a range of laser excitation intensities and the results are compared with experimental data. The quality figure, calculated from the measured values of FWHM and contrast, decreases with increase in laser intensity and improves in cells with higher dimension (radius). The optimum temperature corresponding to maximum quality figure varies with laser excitation intensity as well as cell dimension. The underlying collision dynamics and density effects that are responsible for the observed resonance characteristics are discussed

A Mycobacterium leprae Hsp65 Mutant as a Candidate for Mitigating Lupus Aggravation in Mice

Hsp60 is an abundant and highly conserved family of intracellular molecules. Increased levels of this family of proteins have been observed in the extracellular compartment in chronic inflammation. Administration of M. leprae Hsp65 [WT] in [NZBxNZW]F1 mice accelerates the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus [SLE] progression whereas the point mutated K409A Hsp65 protein delays the disease. Here, the biological effects of M. leprae Hsp65 Leader pep and K409A pep synthetic peptides, which cover residues 352–371, are presented. Peptides had immunomodulatory effects similar to that observed with their respective proteins on survival and the combined administration of K409A+Leader pep or K409A pep+WT showed that the mutant forms were able to inhibit the deleterious effect of WT on mortality, indicating the neutralizing potential of the mutant molecules in SLE progression. Molecular modeling showed that replacing Lysine by Alanine affects the electrostatic potential of the 352–371 region. The number of interactions observed for WT is much higher than for Hsp65 K409A and mouse Hsp60. The immunomodulatory effects of the point-mutated protein and peptide occurred regardless of the catalytic activity. These findings may be related to the lack of effect on survival when F1 mice were inoculated with Hsp60 or K409A pep. Our findings indicate the use of point-mutated Hsp65 molecules, such as the K409A protein and its corresponding peptide, that may minimize or delay the onset of SLE, representing a new approach to the treatment of autoimmune diseases

New and practical synthesis of 1,4-dihydrobenzopyrano-pyrazoles

A new method for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydrobenzopyranopyrazoles using bromovinyl hydrazones has been described involving a [3+2] intramolecular cycloaddition

Performance of Planters under Different Tillage Practices on Growth, Yield, Energy Use Efficiency, and Economics of Rabi Maize

Aim: To evaluate the performance of planters under different tillage practices on growth, yield, energy use efficiency, and economics of rabi maize. Study Design: Split-plot. Place and Duration of Study: Maize Research Centre, ARI, Rajendranagar between November 2021 and April 2022. Methodology: A field experiment was conducted at Maize Research Centre, ARI, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Ranga Reddy (District) during rabi 2021-22 to evaluate the performance of planters under different tillage practices on growth, yield, energy use efficiency, and economics of rabi maize in sandy clay loam soils. The experiment was assigned in fifteen treatments, laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Treatments included were three tillage practices,(i)M1=Conventional tillage, (ii)M2=Reduced tillage, and(iii)M3 = Zero-tillage in main plots and evaluated 5 planters viz., (i)S1=Multi-crop vacuum planter,(ii)S2 = Mechanical planter,(iii)S3 =Seed-cum- fertilizer drill,(iv)S4 - Bullock drawn plow and(v)S5 - Manual sowing were randomly placed in subplots of the main plot. Results: Interaction between planters and tillage practices realized significantly higher grain yield (10283 kg ha-1) when the rabi maize was sown with a Multi-crop vacuum planter under conventional tillage practice compared to bullock drawn plow. However, it was comparable with Mechanical planter and manual sowing under conventional tillage as well as under reduced tillage practices. Irrespective of the planters significantly lower grain yield was obtained under zero-tillage practice. Overall, the cost of cultivation was high with conventional sowing practices (bullock-drawn plow/manual sowing compared to mechanical sowing with improved planters. Higher net returns were observed with multi-crop vacuum planters under conventional tillage practice (Rs.1,43,179 ha-1). Conclusion: In case of labor shortage, sowing with a multi-crop vacuum planter or Mechanical planter instead of sowing with conventional practices like a bullock-drawn plow and manual sowing can save time, and labor, reduce drudgery as well production costs. Thus, we can effectively carry out important field operations viz., sowing, weeding, and harvesting in time without much delay through mechanization in maize

Red cell alloimmunization among antenatal women attending a tertiary care hospital in south India

Background & objectives: Detection of maternal alloimmunization against red cell antigens is vital in the management of haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN). This study was conducted to measure the presence of allosensitization to blood group antibodies in the antenatal women attending a tertiary care hospital and to observe the proportion of minor blood group antibodies to assess the benefit of screening for the same. Methods: All antenatal women registered in the hospital between January 2008 and January 2009, were screened for irregular antibodies using a commercial 3-cell antibody screening panel. Antibody identification was performed on samples found positive using a commercial 11 cell-panel. Results: Screening was performed on 5347 women, 339 (6.34%) of whom were Rh negative. Allosensitization was found in 79 women (1.48%; confidence interval 1.17 -1.84). In 29 of these 79 (37%) women the allo-antibodies could not be identified. In the remaining 50 women, 54 antibodies were characterized. A total of 40 clinically significant antibody specificities were identified among 36 women, of whom four were Rh(D) positive. Allosensitization with clinically significant antibodies was found in 9.43 per cent (confidence interval 6.55-13.06) Rh(D) negative and in 0.08 per cent (confidence interval .02-0.2) Rh(D) positive women. Anti D was the most frequent antibody found in 8.85 per cent Rh(D) negative women. The remaining clinically significant antibodies identified included anti-C, c, E, Jk a , Jk b , M and S. In Rh(D) negative women, anti-D and antibodies of the Rh system contributed 83.3 and 94.4 per cent of clinically significant antibodies. However, in Rh(D) positive women, non-Rh antibodies comprised three out of four clinically significant antibodies. Interpretation & conclusions: The presence of alloimmunization in our study corroborated with data reported from India. The most frequent antibody was anti-D. However, a significant fraction was non-D. Alloimmunization among Rh(D) positive women though low as compared to Rh(D) negative women, included clinically significant antibodies, and most of these were non Rh

The flow with unstable electroconductivity of an MHD fluid over a suddenly accelerated plate : A study

The effects of viscosity and thermophoresis on a suddenly accelerated plate with approximated variable electronegativity on an MHD fluid influenced by chemical reaction and radiation are made in this paper and the governing hydrodynamical equations of the physical problem was formulated its solutions were analyzed for diverse parameters, such as, Hartmann number (M), electroconductivity (sigma), temperature dependent parameter (Pr), Reynoldrsquos number (Re), thermal buoyancy (Gr), thermophoresis (Sr) etc. The results were shown through graphs and tables. It is seen that the velocity increases with the magnetic field (M) the thermal buoyancy and Solutal buoyancy also increases the velocity as a result of sudden movement of the plate, the decrease in electronegativity results in the increase of velocity the thermal distribution increases with the increase of Pr, Re, and viscosity with the increase of radiation and large amounts of heat absorption, the temperature increases with the increase of Sr and Sc, and with the rise in the chemical reaction the concentration distribution of the fluid decreases with increase of viscosity a sharp decrease is observed with increase of radiation the concentration of the fluid is increased but it decreases in the boundary layer sharply